Uriel (Literatura Juvenil (A Partir De 12 Años) - La Llave Del Tiempo) (Spanish Edition)

Sustainability of wild pistachio Pistacia atlantica Desf. Wild pistachio Pistacia atlantica Desf. The species produces resin used for a wide variety of traditional uses. Because the resin can be harvested non-destructively, the trees are maintained until mortality occurs from natural causes. The result is that natural Volcano hazards in the San Salvador region, El Salvador. San Salvador volcano is one of many volcanoes along the volcanic arc in El Salvador figure 1. The city has a population of approximately 2 million, and a population density of about people per square kilometer.

The city of San Salvador and other communities have gradually encroached onto the lower flanks of the volcano, increasing the risk that even small events may have serious societal consequences. San Salvador volcano has not erupted for more than 80 years, but it has a long history of repeated, and sometimes violent, eruptions.

The volcano is composed of remnants of multiple eruptive centers, and these remnants are commonly referred to by several names. El Picacho, the prominent peak of highest elevation meters altitude to the northeast of the crater, and El Jabali, the peak to the northwest of the crater, represent remnants of an older, larger edifice. The volcano has erupted several times during the past 70, years from vents central to the volcano as well as from smaller vents and fissures on its flanks [1] numerals in brackets refer to end notes in the report. In addition, several small cinder cones and explosion craters are located within 10 kilometers of the volcano.

Since about A. However, San Salvador volcano has erupted violently and explosively in the past, even as recently as years ago. When such eruptions occur again, substantial population and infrastructure will be at risk. Volcanic eruptions are not the only events that present a risk to local. Hispaanias Figuerases avatud Dali majamuuseumis. Global in El Salvador. Dietary inadequacy in El Salvador. Researchers conducted a dietary survey of 59 households selected at random in the marginal community of Peralta in San Salvador , El Salvador to ascertain nutritional needs of the families and identify factors which affect intrafamilial distribution and consumption of food.

A nutritionist weighed all the food consumed by each family member in 1 day. No association occurred between caloric sufficiency and family size and between age and dietary adequacy. Therefore each family evenly distributed food among family members. Further poorer families consumed less food than the families of the higher socioeconomic group. Use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve the drought tolerance of Cupressus atlantica G.

In this study, we investigated whether indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal AM fungi could improve the tolerance of Cupressus atlantica against water deficit. Our result showed a positive impact of AM fungi on shoot height, stem diameter and biomass as well as on the growth rate. We also observed that inoculation with AM fungi significantly improved uptake of minerals by C. The contents of proline and of soluble sugars showed that their concentrations decreased in non-mycorhized plants subjected to DS.

The same pattern was observed by measuring peroxidase POD enzyme activity. The results demonstrated that AM fungal inoculation promoted the growth and tolerance of C. Therefore, mycorrhizal inoculation could be a potential solution for the conservation and reestablishment of C. Published by Elsevier SAS. An understanding of the interactions between climate change and forest structure on tree growth are needed for decision making in forest conservation and management. In this paper, we investigated the relative contribution of tree features and stand structure on Atlas cedar Cedrus atlantica radial growth in forests that have experienced heavy grazing and logging in the past.

Dendrochronological methods were applied to quantify patterns in basal-area increment and drought sensitivity of Atla Comparative morphology of leaf epidermis in eight populations of Atlas Pistachio Pistacia atlantica Desf. A comparative analysis was undertaken to conduct a micromorphological study of Pistacia atlantica leaves by comparing different populations grown under different climatic conditions.

Leaf epidermis of eight wild populations was investigated under scanning electron microscope. Micromorphological characteristics epidermis ornament, stomata type, waxes as well as trichomes of the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces were examined. The epidermis ornament varied among populations and leaf surface, the abaxial leaf surface is reticulate with a striate surface.

Messaad site shows a smooth uneven surface. The adaxial leaf surface is smooth but several ornamentations can be seen. The leaflet is amphistomatic; the stomata appeared to be slightly sunken. A variety of stomatal types were recorded; actinocytic and anomocytic types are the most frequent. The indumentum consisted of glandular and nonglandular trichomes.

Unicellular glandular trichomes are recorded for P. Their density is higher in Oued safene site, located at the highest altitude in comparison with the other populations. The wax occurred in all the sites and its pattern varied according to the populations studied, particularly between Berriane and Messaad. The morphological variability exhibited by the eight populations of P. The Prospects for a Successful Revolution. Impreso en El Salvador , Centroamerica, Things did not improve from , as there were San Salvador , El Salvador. The beneficial effect of five rhizobacterial strains on the growth of Cedrus atlantica plants was evaluated at forest nursery before out-planting.

The obtained results showed a significant effect of bacterial strains on cedar seedlings growth and only Pseudomonas fluorescens A6RI and TGI significantly increased stem length, neck diameter, root dry weight and number of root tips. It will allow us to adapt this technology for the production of quality plants. Voto preferente en El Salvador: Salvador Dali maali "Osaline kangastus. Kuus Lenini ilmumist tiibklaveril" "Hallucination partielle. Triggering of destructive earthquakes in El Salvador.

We investigate the existence of a mechanism of static stress triggering driven by the interaction of normal faults in the Middle American subduction zone and strike-slip faults in the El Salvador volcanic arc. The local geology points to a large strike-slip fault zone, the El Salvador fault zone, as the source of several destructive earthquakes in El Salvador along the volcanic arc. We modeled the Coulomb failure stress CFS change produced by the June and January subduction events on planes parallel to the El Salvador fault zone. The results have broad implications for future risk management in the region, as they suggest a causative relationship between the position of the normal-slip events in the subduction zone and the strike-slip events in the volcanic arc.

This scenario must be considered in the seismic hazard assessment studies that will be carried out in this area. Paternidad adolescente en la escuela secundaria. Effect of explant origin and different growth regulators on micropropagation of Pistacia atlantica ssp. Full Text Available Propagation of wild pistachio as a multipurpose woody species is a hard and tedious task. In this research, an effective in vitro protocol was developed for rapid proliferation of wild pistachio Pistacia atlantica ssp.

Rooting of plantlets was tested by two treatments containing Rhizopon and IBA in ex vitro. With respect to the results, the nodal segments explants, produced the highest shoot frequency, leaf frequency and the tallest shoots. Both treatments Rhizopon and IBA led to a remarkable increase in the number of roots, root length and rooting percentage compared to the control.

These results may be applied for rapid proliferation to spread the pistachio trees and shrubs that are difficult and time consuming. Effects of Pistacia atlantica subsp. Mutica oil extracts on antioxidant activities during experimentally induced cutaneous wound healing in rats. Full Text Available The fruits of Pistacia atlantica subsp. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of the gel forms, from P.

Blood sampling was accomplished at 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days post-injury. Samples were collected for measuring antioxidant enzymes activities superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity in red cells and lipid peroxidation plasma malondialdehyde. The data analysis generally evidenced that the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes began to decrease significantly at 7 days after the wound was created in control and base gel groups.

This remarkable decline became more evident in the period between 10 to 21 days post injury but increased progressively in P. The results of this study suggest that excision of the wound leads to oxidative stress and topical administration of P. Carles Salvador , l'autoritat gramatical. Full Text Available Carles Salvador had strong nationalistic convictions and was very active in promoting the Catalan language in several areas, specifically in developing treatises on spelling, grammar and lexicography.

His work would help consolidate the standardization of Catalan in the Valencian Country and would make him an unquestionable authority on Catalan grammar. Valores en futuros profesores de Secundaria. This article utilizes panel data from El Salvador to investigate the use of transnational migration as an ex post risk management strategy. I show that adverse agricultural conditions in El Salvador increase both migration to the United States and remittances sent back to El Salvador.

I show that, in the absence of any agricultural shocks, the probability that a household sent members to the United States would have decreased on average by I also show that the earthquakes reduced Full Text Available An understanding of the interactions between climate change and forest structure on tree growth are needed for decision making in forest conservation and management.

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Dendrochronological methods were applied to quantify patterns in basal-area increment and drought sensitivity of Atlas cedar in the Middle Atlas, northern Morocco. We estimated the tree-to-tree competition intensity and quantified the structure in Atlas cedar stands with contrasting tree density, age, and decline symptoms. The relative contribution of tree age and size and stand structure to Atlas cedar growth decline was estimated by variance partitioning using partial-redundancy analyses.

Recurrent drought events and temperature increases have been identified from local climate records since the s. We detected consistent growth declines and increased drought sensitivity in Atlas cedar across all sites since the early s. Specifically, we determined that previous growth rates and tree age were the strongest tree features, while Quercus rotundifolia basal area was the strongest stand structure measure related to Atlas cedar decline. As a result, we suggest that Atlas cedar forests that have experienced severe drought in combination with grazing and logging may be in the process of shifting dominance toward more drought-tolerant species such as Q.

Urease inhibitory profile of extracts and chemical constituents of Pistacia atlantica ssp. The current study was designed to evaluate the urease inhibitory profile of extract and fractions of Pistacia atlantica ssp. The crude extract was found significantly active with urease inhibitor However, n-hexane and chloroform fractions exhibited insignificant urease inhibition. Both the isolated compounds showed marked potency with IC50 values of 8. In short, both the extract and fractions and isolated compounds showed marked urease inhibition and thus a useful natural source of urease inhibition.

Effect of cold and scarification on seeds germination of pistacia atlantica l. In these cases, the durations at cold temperature, which have been taken into account, are successively 60, 50, 40, and 30 days. After these periods, the rate of germination and the speed of germination are calculated every 4 days. Thus the scarification and the 30 days stay are the fastest means which allow to obtain the seedlings of pistachio tree in a rather short time.

A new anoplocephalid Cestoda: A new species of anoplocephalid cestode is described from Gallotia atlantica Reptilia, Lacertidae on the Canary Islands, Spain. This is the first report of an adult cestode species in this lizard. Full Text Available The study of the relationship between species or populations is an excellent tool to learn about ecological phenomena. Among the possible interaction between two species, it is highlighted the mutualism between ants and insects that produce honeydew.

While honeydew is "garbage" for the aphids it can be a food source for ants. The type of interaction between aphids and their natural enemies, known as "intraguild predation" or predation of natural enemies that share the same prey is an interaction that occurs in aphid communities.

The majority of natural enemies in this system interact asymmetrically according to differences in body size, feeding strategy and priorities of each species. In agroecosystems, the consequence of this relation becomes particularly important for the biological control of pests of economic importance. In Brazil, few publications refer to the association among ants, aphids and their natural enemies, specifically in forest areas.

Thus, this work had the objective to review studies regarding these association and discuss a field observed case involving the giant conifer aphid, Cinara atlantica Hemiptera: Aphididae, its natural enemies and the ants Solenopsis invicta and Camponotus rufipes, occurring on Pinus taeda. This document presents a summary of the present situation of the market of hydrocarbons in El Salvador , doing a synthesis of the conformation of the industry, of the demand of the country, the prices and others. In addition, it shows the situation before and after the deregulation, making emphasis in the changes originated by such a measure.

Ademas muestra la situacion antes y despues de la desregulacion, haciendo enfasis en los cambios ocurridos por tal medida. The El Salvador earthquake of February 13th Mw 6. Paleoseismic studies of the El Salvador Fault Zone undertaken after this earthquake provide a basis for examining the longer history of surface rupturing earthquakes on the fault. Trenching at five sites along the San Vicente segment, a 21km-long and up to 2km-wide central section of the El Salvador Fault Zone, shows that surface fault rupture has occurred at least This sudden process occurred unevenly at regional and city levels, especially for Salvador that released internal areas to expand and decentralize itself.

These are the elements that define in what terms globalization sets in. Consequently, the economic and social spaces of the metropolitan area contracted, increasing the number of unemployed and under-employed people, and. Youth outreach centres in El Salvador: Full Text Available A growing number of youth are fleeing El Salvador , one of the most violent countries in the world, and travelling unaccompanied to the US-Mexico border. Youth Outreach Centres have been set up in El Salvador to try to improve conditions in their neighbourhoods and encourage young people to stay.

Ecological response of Cedrus atlantica to climate variability in the Massif of Guetiane Algeria. Full Text Available Aim of the study: The study analyzes the long-term response of Atlas cedar, Cedrus atlantica Manneti, to climate variability. Atlas cedar forest of Guetiane Batna, Algeria. The dendrochronological approach was adopted. An Atlas cedar tree-ring chronology was established from twenty trees. The response of the species to climate variability was assessed through the pointer years PYs, the common climate signal among the individual chronologies, expressed by the first component PC1, the mean sensitivity msx, and response function and correlations analysis involving the tree-ring index and climate data monthly mean temperature and total precipitation.

The highest growth variability was registered from the second half of the 20th century. The lower than the mean PYs, the PC1, and the msx increased markedly during the studied period. Dramatic increases in the PC1 and msx were detected at the end of the s, reflecting a shift towards drier conditions enhancing an increasing trend towards more synchronous response of trees to climate conditions.

The response function and correlations analysis showed that tree growth was mainly influenced by precipitation variability. Our findings provide baseline knowledge concerning the ecological response of Atlas cedar to climate variability in in its southern distribution limit, where a high level of tree mortality has been observed during recent decades, coinciding with the driest period Algeria has ever experienced. This information is vital to support ongoing ecosystem management efforts in the region. Atlas cedar; annual growth variability; dieback; dendrochronology. El nuevo perfil profesional de los profesores de secundaria.

Geothermal energy prospecting in El Salvador. Geochronological and geological studies carried out in El Salvador C. Hydrothermal activity and geochemical analysis indicate the existence of active geothermal faults aligned to the directions South-North and Northwest-Southeast. Radon mapping in that region covered a total of 8. Results confirmed the existence of active faults and two producing geothermal wells were located.

The Effect of Pistacia atlantica Var. Dental plaque is a well-documented etiologic factor for periodontal diseases. While chlorhexidine CHX is the gold-standard agent for treating dental plaques, undesirable side effects are often found after continuous use of the mouthwash. Therefore, this single-center, randomized, triple-blinded and clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Pistacia atlantica Var. The mean aerobic plaque bacterial count of patients at baseline was 2.

After 4 days of treatment, there were statistically significant decreases in the mean aerobic bacteria in the patients who received P. This study showed that P. Because of its reduced side effects, P. El Poder de Cambiar: In , the Bernard van Leer Foundation began supporting a project in Colombia that had the objective of improving the quality of early childhood care and education in a small village.

The Costa Atlantica project offered an approach to development that was based on community organization, social management, participation, cooperation, popular…. Escuela secundaria Stettbach Zurich-Suiza. Full Text Available This school complex consists of three clearly defined and independent buildings, separated by public or private gardens.

The main building of the school complex is the secondary level school, with capacity for students, 24 classrooms and various rooms for complementary functions such as domestic science, art, work rooms, carpentry, storerooms, and areas for teachers, administration offices and services.

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The gymnasium has three gymnastic exercise halls, which can be converted into one large hall for sports competitions, a first aid station, a library, workshops, bicycle parking area and complementary services. The building to be used as a kindergarden has playrooms, dressing rooms and bathrooms. In the interior, the plastic richness of the structural elements themselves has been used to the maximum advantage —concrete for the walls, columns and beams; ceramic forging; etc. Salvador was an excellent student. He began his career in Astronomy in under Dr.

I then began working continuously with him in this field of research which, thanks to his great work capacity, produced very good results. He continued in these fields of research not only within the Institute of Astronomy, but also in other research facilities, especially two: With the variable group from the Observatory at Nice, France, beginning in , specializing in the pulsation of early stars.

Moreover, beginning in , Salvador began working with a group of astronomers from. Recent volcanism and mitochondrial DNA structuring in the lizard Gallotia atlantica from the island of Lanzarote. The phylogeography of the lacertid lizard Gallotia atlantica from the small volcanic island of Lanzarote Canary Islands was analysed based on bp of mitochondrial DNA mtDNA sequence partial cytochrome b and ND2 for individuals from 27 sites including three sites from neighbouring islets.

Levels of sequence divergence were generally low, with the most distant haplotypes separated by only 14 mutational steps. MtDNA divergence appears to coincide with formation of the middle Pleistocene lowland that united formerly separate ancient islands to form the current island of Lanzarote, allowing rejection of a two-island model of phylogeographical structure.

There was evidence of large-scale population expansion after island unification, consistent with the colonization of new areas.

West World SS - 西部世界SS

A nested clade phylogeographical analysis NCPA revealed significant phylogeographical structuring. Two-step and higher-level clades each had disjunct distributions, being found to the east and west of a common area with a north-south orientation that extends between coasts in the centre-east of the island El Jable. Other clades were almost entirely restricted to the El Jable region alone. Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analyses were used to separate ongoing gene flow from historical associations.

These supported the NCPA by indicating recent 75,, years ago east-west vicariance across the El Jable region. Lava flows covered El Jable and other parts of the central lowland at this time and likely led to population extinctions and temporary dispersal barriers, although present-day evidence suggests some populations would have survived in small refugia. Expansion of the latter appears to explain the presence of a clade located between the eastern and western components of the disjunct clades.

Direct relationships between mtDNA lineages and morphology were not found, although one of two morphological forms on the island has a disjunct distribution that is broadly. Foi verificado que ninfas de C. The aphids of the genus Cinara Curtis are important pests of conifers in several countries. In Brazil, Cinara atlantica Wilson, has damaged commercial plantations of Pinus spp. The study was carried out under controlled conditions temperature: It was verified that C.

Abstract This article analyzes the linguistic attitudes of native Spanish speakers from San Salvador towards Spanish spoken in El Salvador and in the other Spanish-speaking countries. The data were gathered in the capital of the country, interviewing a stratified sample of respondents, based on the variables of age, sex and socioeconomic status. Studies of linguistic attitudes are scarce in the country and this research study is the first one with a broad scope regarding how people living in the capital identify themselves with the way they speak; how they value or characterize the way people around them speak, and how they react to the way people speak Spanish in other countries that they know personally or through.

In addition to assistance specified for. Study of four plants with traditional medicinal use cultivated in the Huetar Norte and Atlantica regions of Costa Rica. The advance in the domestication process of Phyllanthus niruri chanca stone , Senna reticulata Saragundi , Pettiveria alliaceae Garlic and Phyllanthus acuminatus Chilillo is highlighted, also phytochemistry and biological potential using techniques towards the establishment of protocols that ensure the proper use. At the same time, in a systematic way, good specific farming practice were introduced for the four species in groups of communities from the Huetar Norte and Huetar Atlantica regions.

The purpose has been to support the use of these plants in a sustainable way. The transfer of results regarding good practices as well as knowledge on polyphenol contents and biological potential to the target groups has sought to support capacity building looking to improve their insertion in productive chains within communities, as an alternative livelihood, thus providing, in addition to academic scientific development through basic research results, socioeconomic and environmentally sustainable development.

Full Text Available Silene niceensis All. Cariophillaceae is a plant found on litoral sands of Western Mediterranian and also of Iberian Atlantic shores from Gibraltar to the Rias Baixas and in some places in Greece. First prelinnean description, though published by Pierre Magnol in the Appedix to the second edition of Botanicum monspeliense ,has been wrote on the basis of materials and a short description sent to Magnol by Jaume Salvador i Pedrol.

One specimen of this plant in Salvador Herbarium hold a short description that could be the original one by Jaume Salvador. The second one was published on a different name by Tournefort in Institutiones Rei herbariae. It is also one specimen of S. Pourret, studying this herbarium to put on etiquets the linnean name of each specimen , realize the specific identity of both S.

Also Desfontaines described under the name of S. Pourrett and Desfontaines names, or today invalid and under sinonimy. Full Text Available There is the potential for climate change to interact with pollution in all of the Earth's oceans. In the fjords of Norway, mine tailings are released into fjords generating suspended sediment plumes that impact deep-sea ecosystems.

These same deep-sea ecosystems are expected to undergo periodic warming as climate change increases the frequency of down-welling events in fjords. It remains unknown how a polluted deep-sea ecosystem would respond to down-welling because multiple stressors will often interact in unpredictable ways. Physiology respiration, nutrient flux and cellular responses lysosomal cell stability were measured for both the coral and sponge. Exposure to elevated suspended sediment reduced metabolism, supressed silicate uptake and induced cellular instability of the sponge G.

However, combining sediment with warming caused G. For the coral P. N ratios after 40 days, however, warming had a greater effect on P. Warming increased respiration, nitrogen excretion, and cellular instability which resulted in lower O: We argue that suspended sediment and warming can act alone and also interact to cause significant harm to deep-sea biota, however responses are likely to be species-specific.

Warming and pollution could interact in the deep-sea to cause mortality to the coral P. As foundation species, reducing the abundance of deep sea corals and sponges would likely impact the ecosystems they support. Elimination of browning exudate and in vitro development of shoots in Pistacia vera L. The browning in P. These treatments were enough to eliminate browning from the explants and to improve the shoots elongation, but symptoms of chlorosis were detected.

Thus shoot organogenesis was best achieved and the developing sturdy shoots had large and green leaves. El Salvador 's recovery from the earthquakes is still incomplete. The El Salvador earthquake. We thus challenge the traditional assumption that only the subduction zone is capable of generating earthquakes of magnitude greater than 7.

Investment prospects for geothermal power in El Salvador 's electricity market. A mixed-integer optimizing programming model was created to simulate capacity expansion for the electricity market in El Salvador. Various demand scenarios were constructed, under which capacity expansion alternatives were tested. Results showed that possible geothermal projects were able to meet the growing energy needs of El Salvador , while yielding relatively low prices for the end-user.

Much of the current generating plants and planned capacity are distanced from the load center, San Salvador. In order to meet the country's increasing demand, it was found that generating capacity investment should be accompanied by transmission upgrades. Even when current conditions were simulated, transmission congestion appeared to be present. Results from some expansion scenarios showed that transmission congestion increased nodal prices despite the addition of further generating capacity.

Carcinomatosis peritoneal secundaria a carcinoma Lobulillar de mama. Espondilodiscitis secundaria a anestesia peridural Spondilodiscitis secondary to peridural anesthesia. Woodlands in Zagros, Iran. Full Text Available Spatial pattern of trees in forests reveals how trees interact with each other and their environment. Spatial structure of trees in forest ecosystems is affected by environmental heterogeneity that leads to their heterogeneous distribution.

This study was aimed to investigate the appropriate methods to analyze spatial pattern of heterogeneous wild pistachio woodlands in Zagros, Iran. A ha pure stand of wild pistachio trees Pistacia atlantica Desf. Inhomogeneous Ripley's K-, L-, and G-functions were applied beside their homogeneous forms. Inhomogeneous Ripley's K- and L-functions showed that wild pistachio trees were primarily clumped and dispersedly distributed thereafter, while g r not only showed these results but also well expressed the detailed changes in spatial scale.

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The results of inappropriate homogeneous functions in the study area showed that all three functions expressed the primary clumping of the trees more than it was and their dispersed pattern as clumped. In general, it was concluded that inhomogeneous functions should be applied to analyze the spatial pattern of heterogeneous wild pistachio trees in the study area and it is recommended to develop g r applications due to its more detailed information.

Full Text Available This article deals with the educational background of Carles Salvador , first with his studies at the Escola Normal, followed by lectures and experiences which would guide his professional development, to the degraded situation as a high school teacher of the Spanish State. Those groups use Gangs MS 13 and 18th Street gangs. Progress of the seismological program in El Salvador. Situated inside the circumpacific "ring of fire" it is thus vulnerable to sudden earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This is a story about the remarkable relationship and connection between two men, who on first sight, don't seem to have any relation at all.

The first one is known as Salvador Dali pic1. Minera Australiana adquiere proyecto cuestionado en El Salvador. This article looks at the environmental risks of gold mining in El Salvador in general and specifically at the risks associated with OceanaGold's project. The article also examines the stiff opposition to the project presented by an alliance of local and international organisations Market research completed in El Salvador. Intensive market research, completed in El Salvador for the contraceptive social marketing project of the Asociacion Demografica Salvadorena ADS , was designed to obtain a better understanding of Salvadoran usage of and attitudes toward contraceptives in general and ADS products in particular.

The research results are being used to develop a new marketing plan for the Contraceptive Social Marketing CSM program as it works to increase the program's effectiveness in reaching consumers. Points-of-purchase retail outlets were surveyed in November to study brand presence and vendor perceptions of consumer behavior in order to define the market in terms of products, prices, and distribution.

Focus groups were conducted during November and December to probe consumer awareness and attitudes regarding methods, brands, and purchasing behavior. The results of the focus groups helped guide the development of a door-to-door consumer survey conducted from December through February to further define the market in terms of consumer size and characteristics. Personal interviews were conducted with the owner or manager of each of pharmacies selected at random but in proportion to their distributional weight as to location.

In terms of brand presence in outlets, the CSM products Perla orals and Condor condom both led their respective categories. In the foaming tablet category Suave had the lowest presence and Neo Sampoon the highest. The difference between reported and actual presence of contraceptives in the outlets was significant: The difference in average CSM product prices and the next lowest priced brands is very large. Dealers reported that their contraceptive. Transportation in El Salvador: San Salvador City, El Salvador , is a city plagued with air pollution caused by traffic and congestion.

Forecasts indicate the problem is likely to worsen in the coming years.

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The project, financed by the Inter-American Development Bank, is discussed in this paper, along with a summary of aspects of an Intelligent Transportation System ITS and the environmental impacts assessment conducted. Human-induced changes in climate, increasing levels of greenhouse gases are referred to as global warming of climate change. Water vapour, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone are the main greenhouse gases, with carbon dioxide representing the biggest threat. Approximately 14 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions are caused by fumes emanating from motor-vehicle gasoline-fuels, and 50 per cent of those are produced in developing countries.

Motor vehicles produce 60 to 90 per cent of carbon dioxide emissions in Latin America urban centres. Some ways of reducing carbon dioxide emissions are: ITS could be a valuable tool for measuring the effectiveness of measures designed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The Intelligent Transportation System assists with the evaluation of the optimization and enlargement of existing roads, especially downtown, the construction of a highway around the city. This evaluation includes an environmental impact assessment, a traffic study and the highway final design.

The Government of El Salvador has shown its commitment to sustainable practices toward global warming. Evaluation of inter-specific hybrid of P. In order to evaluate the inter-specific hybrid of P. The results showed that sa Helminths from an introduced species Tupinambis merianae , and two endemic species Trachylepis atlantica and Amphisbaena ridley from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. The present study reports the occurrence of helminths in the introduced species Tupinambis merianae tegu lizard , and in two endemic species Trachylepis atlantica small lizard and Amphisbaena ridleyi two-head-snake lizard , from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, State of Pernambuco, Brazil.

Nine species of helminths were found, mainly in the digestive tract and accessory organs, with the following prevalence P and mean infection intensity MII. The helminth fauna observed allowed us to conclude that helminths can be carried together with their host when they colonize new geographic localities and that these introduced helminths can, in turn, colonize endemic, or native, hosts.

El paciente evoluciona de forma desfavorable, falleciendo en menos de 36 h. Isquemia aguda de miembros inferiores secundaria a ergortismo. Osteoporosis secundaria y Osteoporosis inducida por glucocorticoides OIG. Effect of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica subsp. Kurdica gum on growth of Penicillium citrinum and organoleptic properties of UF-cheese. Full Text Available Nowadays, due to the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of essential oil and the trend towards the substitution of chemical materials by natural ones, the use of this natural product is prevalent.

The essential oil of Pistacia atlantica subsp. In Iran, the growth of mould on UF-cheese has been a constant problem resulted in the increased number of returns. The most common type of cheese contamination among fungi is Penicillium, especially P. This study investigates the effect of P. From the organoleptic point of view, the use of this essential oil in cheese is partly acceptable.

Full Text Available Background: Exercise causes increased oxygen consumption, leaving cells exposed to oxidative stress. Antioxidants may have a protective effect by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Thus, this study aims to examine the effect of Pistacia atlantica extract on glutathione peroxidase levels and total oxidative capacity of liver and plasma lipid profile of rats. The exercise groups exercised for 8 weeks 5 days per week, 60 minutes daily, 25 meters per minute, on a zero degree slope.

The rats received equal volumes of mastic and saline orally for 4 weeks. Blood and tissue samples were taken 72 hours after the last exercise session. Results showed that antioxidant and lipid profile levels were not affected by consumption of supplements and endurance exercising. However, further studies are required to assess the long term effects of this herbal extract. Women in physics in El Salvador: Historical perspectives and current challenges.

Physics as a discipline in El Salvador 's higher education system has struggled historically; however, since , it has enjoyed a growth-friendly environment. While there are few female physicists in El Salvador , they are employed in various organizations and educational institutions, demonstrating that physics is a viable career path.

El Salvador currently offers a range of opportunities for women in physics. New seismic sources parameterization in El Salvador. Implications to seismic hazard. Alonso-Henar, Jorge; Staller, A. Although the seismic sources located in the Central American Volcanic Arc have been responsible for some of the most damaging earthquakes in El Salvador.

Abrir Espacios a la Seguridad Ciudadana y el Desarrollo. El impacto psicosocial de la violencia en San Salvador. Full Text Available En este estudio se busca lograr dos objetivos: Active strike-slip faulting in El Salvador , Central America. Several major earthquakes have affected El Salvador , Central America, during the Past yr as a consequence of oblique subduction of the Cocos plate under the Caribbean plate, which is partitioned between trench-orthogonal compression and strike-slip deformation parallel to the volcanic arc.

Focal mechanisms and the distribution of the most destructive earthquakes, together with geomorphologic evidence, suggest that this transcurrent component of motion may be accommodated by a major strike-slip fault El Salvador fault zone. We present field geological, structural, and geomorphological data collected in central El Salvador that allow the constraint of the kinematics and the Quaternary activity of this major seismogenic strike-slip fault system. The two main fault segments overlap in a dextral en echelon style with the formation of an intervening pull-apart basin.

The kinematics and rates of deformation suggested by our new data are consistent with models involving slip partitioning during oblique subduction, and support the notion that a trench-parallel component of motion between the Caribbean and Cocos plates is concentrated along E-W dextral strike-slip faults parallel to the volcanic arc.

Most tobacco users become addicted during adolescence. To estimate the prevalence of smoking among teenagers, aged from 13 to 20, in fundamental and high school in Salvador , Bahia, Brazil. Thirty five hundred questionnaires were. Field monitoring and laboratory results are presented for an unsaturated volcanic pyroclastic. Being the flowslides more common but with smaller volume. During the research, preliminary results of rain threshold were obtained of flowslides, this was recorded with the TMS3 a moisture sensor device using time domain transmission installed in some slopes.

TMS3 has been used before in biology, ecology and soil sciences, and for the first time was used for engineering geology in this research. This device uses electromagnetic waves to obtain moisture content of the soil and a calibration curve is necessary. Results of the field monitoring indicates that the presence of biological soil crusts a complex mosaic of soil, green algae, lichens, mosses, micro-fungi, cyanobacteria and other bacteria covering the slopes surface can protect somehow the steep slopes reducing the runoff process and mass wasting processes.

The results obtained during the assessment will help explaining the mass wasting problems occurring in some pyroclastic soils and its possible use in mitigation works and early warning system. Dearbornrd Floor Chicago, IL Acute Chagas disease in El Salvador - Need for surveillance and control. Full Text Available Several parasitological studies carried out in El Salvador between showed a higher frequency of acute cases of Chagas disease than that in other Central American countries.

There is an urgent need for improved Chagas disease surveillance and vector control programs in the provinces where acute Chagas disease occurs and throughout El Salvador as a whole. A Living Lab for optimising the health, socio-economic and environmental situation in El Salvador. Full Text Available In order to address chronic renal failure as a critical health problem in El Salvador Central America a Living Lab LL methodology was applied to assist El Salvador to carry out research on low-cost techniques to mitigate exposure to pesticides El estudio se basa en un conjunto de 39 preguntas distribuidas en cuatro secciones: In further analysis of the experimental results, it has been considered this relaxation as an thermally activated process with a gaussian distribution of activation energies.

The results obtained in this way have been compared with recent theories that relate this phenomenology with the glass transition one. Five Pistacia species P. Full Text Available Pistacia, a genus of flowering plants from the family Anacardiaceae, contains about twenty species, among them five are more popular including P. Different parts of these species have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes like tonic, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, antihypertensive and management of dental, gastrointestinal, liver, urinary tract, and respiratory tract disorders.

Scientific findings also revealed the wide pharmacological activities from various parts of these species, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antidiabetic, antitumor, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, and hepatoprotective activities and also their beneficial effects in gastrointestinal disorders. Various types of phytochemical constituents like terpenoids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and sterols have also been isolated and identified from different parts of Pistacia species.

The present review summarizes comprehensive information concerning ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of the five mentioned Pistacia species. Orthoptera, Acrididae, Melanoplinae de la region atlantica meridional de Brasil Digamacris n. Full Text Available Digamacris, a new genus of the Dichroplini Acrididae, Melanoplinae is described for the species Pezotettix amoenus Stal, and Dichroplus fratemus Carl, , both included at present in the genus Dichroplus.

The species are illustrated and redescribed. Both have two neatly different chromatic forms of females, while the males are uniform in coloration and closely correspond with one of the female forms. Steam sources in El Salvador and their economic importance. These sources are tabulated and are described in the text. They appear as fumaroles, solfatarae, mudpots, mud fields, and hot springs. A series of calorimetric measurements was made in For electrical power production, development will probably be restricted to those fields located within the young volcanic areas, as these areas correspond to those of greatest population density.

As of , the use of these resources was limited to the production of sulfur and kaolinite from a few small-scale boreholes. De las pasiones al conocimiento en Farabeuf, de Salvador Elizondo. This is the case of a patient presenting with spondilodiscitis secondary to use of lumbar peridural anesthesia for transurethral resection of a prostatic fibroadenoma hyperplasia The clinical picture was determined by a acute lumbar pain with a progressive increase leading to put to bed the patient. In physical examination of osteomyoarticular system there was predominance of lumbar paravertebral contracture, as well as in palpation of this region.

In neurological examination there weren't alterations. The multi-scan computed axial tomography and the spine column bone scintigraphy confirmed the diagnosis. Medical treatment was prescribed based on symptoms, combined antibiotic drug therapy and external orthesis. The total recovery of patient occurred at 6 months from the onset of disease. La prensa en El Salvador: Analysis of the radiation accident in El Salvador.

On 5 February at 2 a. In this accident, three workers were involved in the first event and a further four in the second. When the accident took place, the activity level was approximately 0. The source became blocked when being lowered to its safe position, where upon the technician responsible for the irradiator entered the chamber in breach of the few inadequate safety procedures, accompanied by two colleagues from an adjacent department; the three workers suffered acute radiation exposure, with the result that one of them died six-and-a-half months later, the second had both his legs amputated at mid-thigh, while the third recovered completely.

This article describes the irradiator, outlines the causes of the accident and analyses the economic and social repercussions, with the aim of helping teams responsible for radiation protection and safety in industrial irradiation facilities to identify potentially hazardous circumstances and avoid accidents. Seismic sources in El Salvador. A geological and geodetic contribution. El Salvador Fault Zone is a deformation band of km long and 20 km wide within the Salvadorian volcanic arc.

The ESFZ deforms and offsets quaternary deposits with a right lateral movement in its main segments. Five segments have been proposed for the whole fault zone, from the Jalpatagua Fault to the Golfo de Fonseca. Paleoseismic studies in the Berlin and San Vicente Segments reveal an important amount of quaternary deformation. In fact, the San Vicente Segment was the source of the February 13, destructive earthquake.

In this work we propose 18 capable seismic sources within El Salvador. The slip rate of each source has been obtained through out the combination of GPS data and paleoseismic data when it has been possible. We also have calculated maximum theoretical intensities produced by the maximum earthquakes related with each fault.

We have taken into account several scenarios considering different possible surface rupture lengths up to 50 km and Mw 7. This rootstock is very new in Iran and recently, it has been used commercially in some plantations due to its high growth. Propagation of this rootstock by tissue culture results in many limitations such as shoot tip necrosis STN and a low proliferation rate. Therefore, any process that leads to improve the proliferation rate and feature will be used in commercia Richness and diversity patterns of birds in urban green areas in the center of San Salvador , El Salvador.

Full Text Available Increasing urbanization has led to natural ecosystems being constantly replaced by an urban landscape, a process that is very noticeable in El Salvador , due to its small territorial extension We evaluated if the richness, diversity and equitability of birds were related to the size and distance of the green areas and if their shape had any effect on the richness of birds. We observed a total of 20 bird species and we classified them according to their diet generalist and specialist. We observed that the distance did not influence the bird richness and that there was no interaction between size and distance variables, but the size of the green area did influence.

The richness of birds with specialist diet increased in the more circular green areas than in the irregular ones. El Mercado Ecuatoriano de Fibras Secundarias. Marco legal actual y deseado. Fuentes alternativas de aprovisionamiento de fibras secundarias. Agresividad escolar e ideas suicidas en escuelas secundarias. Salvador Allende, por la democracia y el socialismo. The Gynecologic Cancer is one of the best known malignancies in different countries of the world, with a high incidence in developing countries.

In the treatment of this disease have been used multiple treatment arms among which is the high rate brachytherapy HDR. The process of commissioning and implementing clinical service Brachytherapy High Dose Rate HDR BT is a relatively complex process that begins with the formation of functional and technical service, based on flow patients to be treated, availability of local technological capability to install, and culminates with the preparation and implementation of protocols.

Experts involved in the implementation of this service divided this task in stages organized chronologically: Study of existing infrastructure and level of training of technical personnel available, 2nd. Proposal and application of amendments in order to adapt the facility to the planned patient flow and optimal use of technological infrastructure, 3rd.

Bajo este concepto, hablemos sobre los contenidos de este nuevo programa retro. La virtual cita es a las Les comparto queridos lectores de Homo Espacios, algunos enlaces web sobre Espacios Vintage: Elemento que descrito en el lenguaje interno, solamente se siente. Clave jazz y su historia latina. Algunas mezclas importantes del jazz latino fueron: The Legacy of Chano Pozo Viajaremos estimados homoespacioeros a dos ocultos tesoros chihuahuenses. Mientras que nuestro segundo destino, se encuentra ubicado en el fondo de una barranca, perfecto para los amantes del ecoturismo y los entornos boscosos, con variadas leyendas mineras y edificaciones coloniales.

Otros dos destacados acontecimientos son: Ciudad de las tres culturas. Pide al sonido que vuelva. The Artist Estados Unidos, Alexander's Ragtime Band Estados Unidos, Schindler's List Estados Unidos, West Side Story Estados Unidos, La calle… sitio que ha producido los mejores sonidos, como el jazz clandestino o como era llamado a inicios de siglo XX: James Brown para iniciar, algo de The Isley Brothers para el recuerdo, las bandas de p-funk Parliament y Funkadelic de George Clinton, Rick James para revivir los ochenta o Prince con su erotismo stripped-down, entre muchos otros.

La historia del globo con agua…. Citizen Kane Estados Unidos. The Fifth Estate Estados Unidos. Novelesco y apasionante filme dirigido por Philip Kaufman, ubicado en el periodo cuando la novelista y periodista estadounidense Martha Gellhorn Ellis Nicole Kidman , conoce al escritor, cuentista y maestro del periodismo Ernest Hemingway Clive Owen. La primer fecha… , en un bar pesquero de Key West, Florida, donde el mayor atractivo de Hemingway, es en definitiva, su autenticidad. Algunos de los festivales que se han presentado en este recinto de lo teatral son: Algunas de sus principales edificaciones son: Turismo mexicano, internacional y capitalino.

Homoespacieros, musas, divas, personalidades y periodistas. Algunas nuevas secciones homoespacieras en el fueron: Les comparto los tradicionales enlaces con algunas producciones en video que realizamos. Reciban los mejores deseos para este Cinefilia a lo retro. Los autocinemas mexicanos lograron su principal auge a finales de los cincuenta, los rocanroleros sesentas, el coqueteo setentero y su declive fue en los ochenta. Un diner con recuerdos clandestinos. El nombre de la banda…. Delicias del rock and roll. El club sincopado de la Anzures. Estimados homoespacieros, les comparto los tradicionales enlaces en la red sobre estos cuatro… lugares con estilo: Azul en siete tonalidades.

Fue hasta , cuando el militar Melchor Pacheco logra dominar la zona, al nombrarla como Salamanca de Bacalar. Esperemos que el presente aprenda que el mal juicio del pasado no es el camino y que el futuro, escriba una historia diferente… al tiempo. Estas tierras se cree que formaron parte de la residencia real de Canuto el Grande, hijo del Rey vikingo de Dinamarca, Noruega e Inglaterra Svend "Tveskjaeg" Haraldsson, del periodo de a Las torres son otro de los sellos del palacio, cuenta con cuatro: La torre mide 61 metros de altura, cuenta con escalones, pero el acceder a su interior es privilegio solo para los ingleses, que deben solicitar por escrito a su representante en el Parlamento una visita guiada y muchas solicitudes tardan varios meses.

Meta,l Fatige y Atavachron Respecto a las actividades alternas del 22 al 27 de noviembre en el Foro Playa del Carmen, a las Argentina, Colombia y Estados Unidos, cuentan con algunos curiosos destinos llenos de leyendas, mitos… y otros embrujos. Un fantasmal y ardiente poblado estadounidense. De a fue conocido como Centreville. En Alexander W. Rea funda esta localidad y en cambia a su nombre actual. Estimados Homoespacieros, les comparto algunos enlaces de estos embrujados destinos: Hotel Salto de Tequendama. Algunos conceptos iniciales son: Parras… el oasis de Coahuila.

Entre algunos datos curiosos destaca que el abuelo de Francisco I. Respecto a los amantes del turismo cultural, este destino coahuilense cuenta con la Casa de Cultura o la Casa del Abuelo, donde se exhiben algunas pertenencias de Francisco I. Mientras que las principales celebraciones son: Candela… sortilegio a lo revolucionario.

Algunas de sus principales atracciones son: Trova… feeling para los pueblos. Otras de sus principales joyas son: Entre murales y poemas. Al ser expulsada de la escuela por golpear a una prefecta y ante tal acontecimiento, opta por estudiar pintura en la Academia de San Carlos. En total existen siete murales de la artista. Estimados lectores de Homo Espacios, les comparto algunos enlaces de estas tres figuras del arte mexicano: El famoso bolillo salado del estado de Jalisco, particularmente de su capital, Guadalajara, es untado con frijolitos machacados en su interior y relleno de carne de cerdo o carnitas, que se sumerge en una rica salsa de jitomate.

El arte del abandono. La historia reflejada en antiguos templos, haciendas y veinte minas, hacen de este lugar todo un enigma del placer. Arquitectura sacra a la orilla de una laguna. El brillo de una actriz. El encuentro fue en el Foro Shakespeare, 2: Amazonas del arte en movimiento. El video de las Boswell Sisters…. Magia urbana entre ecos callejeros, el jazz experimental del hip-hop vanguardista y el rock progresivo de la capital mexicana, dan forma a uno de los proyectos que se vuelven de los consentidos en la escena del jazz-hop.

Son para el folklor mundial. La historia de Shus Jazz…. Folklor venezolano a lo natural. Brasil, Venezuela y Guyana. Beckas realiza un paro inmediato de los fundos mineros y poco a poco sus residentes fueron abandonando el poblado. Actualmente solo personas viven en ella. Templo de la Sagrada Familia. The man who knew too much , The 39 steps y Sabotage Al final de la trama. The great Alfred Documental -subtitulado-. The Pleasure Garden Vertigo -Official Trailer-