Tight Space (Part 1)

A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that a worker does not enter a confined space before this Division has been complied with in relation to that space. A person conducting a business or undertaking at a workplace must not direct a worker to enter a confined space to carry out work unless the person has issued a confined space entry permit for the work.

The person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure that, when the work for which the entry permit was issued is completed —. Example of a safe system of work for confined space entry Flow Chart — Based on Australian Standard — Farm safety — confined spaces Any confined space on a farm poses a particular danger, because the threat may not be apparent until its too late.

Silos, vats, tanks, wells, manure pits and other enclosed or partly enclosed structures can suffocate a person with vapours, dust or low oxygen levels. Role of designers, manufacturers and suppliers 3.

Confined Spaces - Health and Safety Authority

How to identify the hazards 4. How to assess the risks 5. How to control the risks 6. How to review control measures. Website by Artistry Web Design Adelaide. Proudly brought to you by. Atmospheric hazards can usually be defined into the following 3 categories: Oxygen deficiency Toxic gases Combustible gases A gas detection device should be used prior to entry to check for the atmospheric contaminants. The types of hazards which can exist in confined spaces which may lead to injury include: The specific duties of the standby person include the following: Maintain an accurate count of all persons within the confined space Monitor activities inside and outside the confined space to determine weather it remains safe for the entrants to remain inside the confined space Maintain effective and continuous contact with ALL the people working inside the space using radio, agreed hand signals, horn lights etc.

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Prevent entry of unauthorised persons into the confined space Order evacuation of the confined space if necessary Raise the alarm for rescue teams and emergency services Assist with the rescue services as necessary without entering the confined space. A contract worker was working 8m inside an amine contractor tower using air supplied breathing apparatus when the air supply ceased because the external air bottle was exhausted.

The worker designated as the stand-by person in charge of monitoring and operating the air bottle was ordered by a supervisor to perform other duties away from the air bottles. Luckily the worker was alert and quickly exited the tower. Two lessons can be learned here: Section 66 — Managing risks to health and safety 1 A person conducting a business or undertaking must manage, in accordance with Chapter 3 Part 1, risks to health and safety associated with a confined space at a workplace including risks associated with entering, working in, or in the vicinity of the confined space including a risk of a person inadvertently entering the confined space.

A watchmaker, for example, can easily be surrounded by parts on three sides while twiddling with his product.

Next I would like to present you Zentenatamadashi. Now, in the mind of many people, if a method has a Japanese name, it must be superior to other methods that suffer from being known only in English. As for the method, it is useful, but only a minor step in arranging material around your workspace. In the image below, I rotated the orange rectangle to use up less width. This allows you to fit more different parts within the operators reach. Of course, since the parts did not get smaller, you would need more space extending outward from the operator to fit in the parts.

A small but sometimes useful method. If your parts are delivered from the supplier in larger packages, you may consider repacking them into smaller units. This is common if the material is delivered on pallets. Rather than putting the large pallet directly to your assembly line, you keep the pallet in the warehouse and take out only a few parts every time as needed for the assembly station. This could significantly reduce the space required at the assembly station.

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If you have some influence over your supplier, however, you could rethink the packaging delivered from the supplier. Can the supplier deliver in smaller packages?

Can the supplier maybe make larger packages or a pallet that consists of multiple smaller packages? This may be beneficial overall. If you have too many different parts, you may be able to reduce the number of different part types. Of course, this would mean involving construction to change the product design, which construction may or may not be fond of.

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However, this would among other things reduce the number of part types at your assembly. This not only frees up some space facing the worker but will also reduce the total number of items around the workstation since now you only need buffer stock for one part type instead of two. There are also lots of other side benefits, including reduced inventory along the entire part supply chain, reduced space for inventory, and reduced handling for inventory. The next option works only if you produce in batches: You create movable shelves containing the parts needed to produce a certain product, and depending on what product you make, you merely put the right shelf next to the assembly station.

That shelf may contain all parts or only the parts specific to this product with the generic parts being stored on permanent shelves. I have used this approach, but it is not really a good approach. The extra work and the extra space needed for the shelves is one handicap. A potentially bigger issue is that this solution prevents you from moving toward one-piece flow, which is one of the main visions and goals in lean manufacturing.

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You reduce flexibility and are limited to larger batch sizes due to the effort of moving the shelves. This approach is similar to the movable shelves, but without many of the drawbacks. Rather than moving an entire shelf around, you prepare individual kits containing only the parts needed for one product at this station.

The worker gets a kit, uses the parts, and returns the empty box or container back to the material supply.

A kit may contain. On the plus side, now you have much more flexibility and can move toward lot size one and one-piece flow. However, there are also some disadvantages.

TRPC1, Orai1, and STIM1 in SOCE: Friends in tight spaces.

You need one worker preparing the kits. However, since the worker preparing the kits and the worker assembling can specialize in their respective tasks, you may become more efficient overall. A second challenge is to provide the right kits in the right sequence. The kit has to match the product that has to be assembled.