The Political Economy of Putin’s Russia (Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy)
Political Stability and Putin’s Russia in: Russian Politics Volume 3 Issue 1 Year
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How do I find a book? Can I borrow this item? Can I get a copy? The Northeast Passage is technically longer, as it extends past Novaya Zemlya into the Barents Sea, but the two designations are often used interchangeably. To give an indication of the magnitude of this market, in eight of the ten top exporters of containerized cargo were Asian countries. Meanwhile, the top twenty EU importers of containerized cargo in accounted for more than 16 million TEU of goods note: On early Soviet attempts, see Armstrong, []. Whether it is ultimately a shorter route between Asia or North America and Europe depends on the point of origin and the final destination.
Hong Kong is essentially equidistant from Rotterdam via the NSR or Suez Canal, meaning all else being equal, the NSR represents the shorter option for more northerly ports, and the longer one for more southerly ones Blunden, See Treadwell, ; Flake, A similar point of contention exists between Canada and other countries, most notably the United States, concerning the Northwest Passage.
Already in the NSR remained navigable into late December, when the Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker Vaygach navigated it in a little over seven days at an average speed of more than twelve knots per hour Rosatomflot, The Yenisei port of Igarka, established in , sits even further upstream: Among them is the largest nuclear icebreaker ever built, a meter-long behemoth slated to enter service in This 33, ton dual-reactor vessel will be capable of breaking through ice up to 13 feet thick Pettersen, b. However, as Humpert and Keil have noted, statistics for include voyages that were not full transits, either because they did not span the entire NSR, made stopovers within the NSR, or both began and concluded within its confines.
The same holds true for eight voyages counted as full transits in Although at the time of writing bunker fuel prices have rebounded from lows set in early , they remain significantly depressed: Two years earlier, the average price was Language about the need to protect Russian interests in the Arctic appeared in the Russian Military Doctrine for the first time in December Klimenko, Moscow, for instance, has felt vulnerable against aircraft and ballistic missiles from the time military complexes in the Arctic deteriorated or were abandoned in the s Ponomarev, Canada, in particular, is also expanding its military capabilities in the Arctic.
Military status-seeking, however, has been on ample display in recent years see, for instance, Pettersen, and Kramer, Moreover, strategic drills have increased significantly in scope and scale on both sides after NATO and Russia stopped hosting joint training exercises in The figure of 1. Deciding the matter, however, may take decades, particularly as the final disposition will need to be directly negotiated between the parties involved and, if no agreement can be reached, may be referred to the International Court of Justice Tulupov, Yet despite having shut China out of majority ownership of oil and gas projects for years, in February Arkadii Dvorkovich announced that Moscow would consider allowing Chinese firms to own a controlling stake in strategic land-based hydrocarbon fields, defined as those holding more than 70 million metric tons of oil or 50 billion cubic meters of gas Starinskaia, At the same time, giving China a seat at the table legitimates its presence in the Arctic and provides it with the ability to influence regional policy Feng, Not only was this an obvious denunciation of the post-Maidan government in Kyiv, but it also represented an attempt to historically legitimate stronger bonds with China.
A Chinese media report from claimed that the SRF had already committed to nearly a thousand projects with an estimated aggregate cost of billion USD Schuman, , raising questions of how it would finance them all. For a survey of other Arctic states in which China is interested, see Feng, Achieving Arctic offshore production targets of 65 million tons of oil and billion m3 of gas annually may alone demand investments totaling more than 1 trillion USD Panichkin, For a discussion, see Mordiushenko, National purpose in the world economy: Post-Soviet states in comparative perspective.
Constructing the international economy. The case for a constructivist international political economy n. Population distribution in the circumpolar Arctic, by country including indigenous population. The next geographical pivot: The Russian Arctic in the twenty-first century. Naval War College Review 63 3 , Arctic marine shipping assessment report Arkhangelskaia eparkhiia , September Arktika v fokuse vnimaniia , March Vodnyi transport 3, 3.
The Northern Sea Route: Soviet exploitation of the North East Passage. The Northern Sea Route today. Cold Regions Science and Technology 7, Canada announces plans for 2 new bases in its Far North. The New York Times. Novatek vse eshche zhdet kitaiskikh deneg. Beluga Shipping masters first commercial transit of the Northeast Passage [Press release]. Toward an Asian-Arctic region. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 55 1 , Geopolitics and the Northern Sea Route. International Affairs, 88 1 , Retrieved June 23, , from http: Retrieved June 6, from http: Russians plant flag on the Arctic seabed.
Are the Northern Sea Routes really the shortest? Maybe a too rose-coloured picture of the blue Arctic Ocean. Daily sea ice extent updates resume with provisional data , May 6. Distribution of Chinese exports in , by trade partner Retrieved June 1, from http: China plans first commercial trip through Arctic shortcut in European Union, trade in goods with Russia. Retrieved April 14, from http: Effektivnoe osvoenie arkticheskikh territorii. Rossiiskii sovet po mezhdunarodnym delam. Commercial Arctic shipping through the Northeast Passage: Polar Geography 37 4 , Sea Ice Index, Version 1.
National Snow and Ice Data Center. Carving out a role in the Arctic. Military and Strategic Affairs, 6 1 , A pivot to nowhere: Russia to send anti-submarine warfare destroyers to South China Sea. Russian interests and policies in the Arctic. The sources of Russian regionalism.
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An analysis of the Northern Sea Route season. The Arctic Yearbook The future of Arctic shipping: A new Silk Road for China? The future of Arctic shipping along the Transpolar Sea Route. The Arctic Yearbook pp. US urged to assert itself over Arctic. The state of and prospects for Russian-Chinese energy cooperation.
Arkticheskii vector globalizatsii Kitaia. Evaluation of the Arctic shipping season Kitai i Rossiia vpervye provedut sovmestnye issledovaniia na Severnom poliuse , August Political rhetoric versus reality. Russia preparing patrols of Arctic shipping lanes. Russia embraces offshore Arctic drilling. Russian sanctions, China, and the Arctic.
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Moscow Defense Brief 6 44, Breaking through the ice: An assessment of Northern Sea Route opportunities. More gutted than grand. Arctic shipping routes still a long-term proposition, says Maersk. Ministerstvo transporta Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Morskaia doktrina Rossiiskoi Federatsii na period do goda [Doctrine] , July Novatek and China's Silk Road Fund conclude selling 9. Retrieved June 16, from https: Observers , May 7. Morskaia doktrina Russkoi Federatsii [Transcript]. Zaiavleniia dlia pressy po itogam rossiisko-kitaiskikh peregovorov [Video file].
Northern Sea Route to handle growing traffic volumes [Interview] , January Coast Guard polar icebreaker modernization: Background and issues for Congress. Arctic shipping--commercial opportunities and challenges. When will the summer Arctic be nearly sea ice free? Geophysical Research Letters 40, Partial revised submission of the Russian Federation to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in respect to the continental shelf of the Russian Federation in the Arctic Ocean [Executive summary] , April.
Russian paratroopers conquer North Pole. Russkii brosok na Sever. Spravka o Kompleksnom proekte razvitiia Severnogo morskogo puti [Press release]. Pervyi Vostochnyi ekonomicheskii forum [Video file]. Peterburgskii mezhdunarodnyi ekonomicheskii forum [Video file]. Zasedanie Soveta Bezopasnosti po voprosu realizatsii gosudarstvennoi politiki v Arktike [Video file].
Rossiia i meniaiushchiisia mir. Shoigu na I mezhnarodnom arkticheskom forume [Speech].
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Russia takes over as top oil supplier to China. Commercial Arctic passage nearing goal. Dostizheniia v akvatorii Sevmorputi [Press Release]. Constructing the world polity: