Lembi di vita (I Gigli) (Italian Edition)

PANG Le vampe rosse dei rubini! Noi ti farem fuggir La morte a sorso a sorso! Crollasse il mondo, voglio Turandot! Morrai prima di noi! PING Sono il vecchio e la giovane che iersera parlavano con te! PING Conoscono il segreto! Dove li avete colti? Turandot appare sul limite del padiglione. Tutti si prosternano a terra. E abbiamo ferri per schiodar quei denti, e uncini abbiamo per strappar quel nome! Costor non mi conoscono! Sconterete i suoi tormenti! Uno sgherro le stringe i polsi. Non mi fan male!

No, nessun mi tocca. Te gli do, Principessa, e perdo tutto! Tormenti e spasimi date a me! PING Sia messa alla tortura! Ho paura di me! Future work will include early hominin tali to shed light on the functional demands experienced by the ankle and the hindfoot during the evolution of hominin bipedalism. However, for most of the Southern Africa populations, the actual characterization of SACs is complicated by the occurrence of later admixture events, involving Niger- Congo Bantu speaking and Euro-Asiatic European and Eastern African populations, which significantly shaped the current pattern of population structure.

Through a genome-wide local ancestry approach we extracted genomic chunks with high probability of belonging to an ancestral San population and analysed these fragments using Principal Component Analysis PCA and genetic distance. Our results a show a complex San-related genetic structure, b clarify the genetic composition of admixed populations such as Coloured and Bantu, and c estimate the impact of admixture in the region.

It is an extensive open-air site in a stratified context with abundant lithic industry and faunal remains distributed on four archaeosurfaces in two sectors 3c, 3a, 3s10 in sect. I, 3a in sect. The prehistoric settlement was located close to a wet environment, with a series of small waterfalls and lakes generated by calcareous tufa deposition. The tooth, currently the oldest human fossil specimen in Italy, shows an overall good degree of preservation and marked occlusal wear. A detailed morphological and morphometric description is reported in this communication.

Non-metric and metric traits were compared to data from literature belonging to modern humans, Neanderthals and Middle Pleistocene hominins. The results of our comparative study highlight the presence of a unique combination of morphometrical and morphological features. However, in view of the scarcity and the high variability of European Middle Pleistocene juvenile human remains, the tooth has been provisionally assigned to an undetermined species of the genus Homo.

This situation is starting to change with the introduction of synthetic treatment of anthropological and archaeological analyses. In this way, human cremated remains from the cemetery of Slatina in eastern Croatia have been analysed. The cemetery, consisting of 38 graves, belongs to the Urnfield culture and is dated to the 12th and 11th centuries BC. The cremated remains of the deceased were placed in various forms of ceramic receptacles functioning as urns.

Human remains were present in only 27 graves. All burials, except one, were single. The cemetery was used for burial of all members of the community. Anthropological analysis will provide data on age and sex of the deceased as well as pathological changes, thus creating demographic picture and health status of the community.

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Also, information about the funeral pyre will be collected: Grave goods will be associated with anthropological data in order to gain some insight into burial practices of this Late Bronze Age society. Results of anthropological analysis will be compared to available published data from other contemporaneous cemeteries in Croatia and surrounding regions.

Mummies, Conservation, Museums, Showcases, Physical and Chemical Parameters This study is aimed at evaluating physical and chemical parameters, which are considered as the most appropriate for the long-term preservation of mummies, distinguishing between those, which are on display in museums and those, which are preserved in storage rooms. The objective of this study is also to compare and discuss differences among the most widely known guidelines and norms of the field and to highlight the single phenomena, which affect the decay of this kind of cultural asset.

The parameters for the conservation of mummies on display in museums have been evaluated in documentation drafted by a number of standardization and regulatory bodies. Mummies are not a priority in the cultural heritage world and citations in the various field studies are not frequent. In this study, the recommended physical parameters concerning the conservation of mummies are compared. Before to apply the ideal parameters listed in this study, the purpose of the conservation of the mummy must be properly determined.

These parameters are valid in all conditions except for conservation in storage rooms where public display is not a priority. In these circumstances it is necessary to eliminate any light or irradiation source, in addition to maintaining the threshold temperature at the lowest possible value.

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Population Structure, Admixture, Local Adaptation, Italian Population A number of prehistoric and historical demographic processes, including long-range migrations and admixture, occurred along the Italian Peninsula due to its pivotal geographical location. In fact, it enabled direct connection between the Mediterranean area and several continental European regions, thus having long represented a natural hub for human population movements.

Coupled with a patchy environmental landscape, this is supposed to have strongly influenced the genomic background of present-day Italians. It can be thus hypothesized that the interplay between neutral and adaptive evolution varied across the different human groups settled along the peninsula according to the occurrence of diverse selective pressures. To disentangle this complex evolutionary scenario, we examined a dataset of more than , genetic variants typed on around Italian individuals by means of the Illumina CoreExomeChip.

Samples were recruited from 20 different provinces to be as much representative as possible of the overall variation observable along the entire peninsula. This led to the identification of genomic regions driving patterns of population structure and underlying local adaptations, some of which have crucial implications for the susceptibility to diseases of the Italian population.

The generated data were also compared with publicly available genome-wide genotypes retrieved for more than 1, individuals belonging to 50 different human groups. Accordingly, Italian variation was set into the context of the European and Mediterranean ones, enabling accurate investigation of the genomic relationships existing between the examined populations and of the possible events of gene flow occurred among them.

Malnutrition was probably one of the widespread difficulties of life in antiquity, whose effects on the bones, however, are based on nonspecific markers generally indicative of chronic defects in bone composition. The availability of a large skeletal sample represents a unique opportunity not only to investigate this issue in terms of stable isotope signatures related to deficiency status but also to quantify it at the intra and inter population level. As a first task the osteological analysis recorded a series of skeletal alterations putatively correlated to malnutrition, whose description is well-known in literature i.

Preliminary results allow us to consider the skeletal alterations not straightforwardly related to isotopic variation: Usure Extramasticatorie, T rt ro, Fi r T ssili, Gri ig o Av rs , SEM La ricostruzione degli adattamenti bioculturali e degli stili di vita delle popolazioni del passato acquista maggiore consistenza qualora effettuata secondo approcci interdisciplinari fondati su analisi integrate delle evidenze provenienti dalle diverse discipline biologiche e storico-archeologiche.

Le analisi hanno riguardato il rilevamento e la descrizione delle modificazioni extramasticatorie dei denti e l est azio e e la diag osi di materiale vegetale fossile dal tartaro dentario. Human Demographic History, Migration, Evolutionary Divergence, Admixture, Linkage Disequilibrium It is unclear whether early modern humans left Africa through a major migration process, dispersing simultaneously over Asia and Europe, or in two main waves, first through the Arab peninsula into Southern Asia, and later through the Near East into Western Asia and Europe.

We collected a broad genome-wide SNP dataset in 71 populations to test if single SD or multiple MD dispersal model can better account for patterns of genome diversity. We found good correlations between geographic and genetic distances, but only insignificant differences between models.

We moved to consider the patterns of Linkage Disequilibrium in each population to estimate effective population size that allows us to assess when population pairs diverged in time. We showed that accurate genomic estimates of the divergence times between European and African populations are more recent than those between Australo-Melanesia and Africa, and incompatible with the effects of a single dispersal.

Furthermore, we showed that this difference cannot possibly be accounted for by the effects of hybridization with archaic human forms in Australo- Melanesia. Simulated genetic polymorphism data demonstrate the validity of our conclusions. We conclude that the hypothesis of a SD model from Africa appears hardly compatible with the observed historical and geographical patterns of genome diversity, since some populations retained the signal of an earlier dispersal.

Weight Status, Immigrants, North Africa Immigrants from low-income countries are generally more susceptible to overweight than natives of host country. Little is known on nutritional status of women immigrated from North Africa to Italy. This cross-sectional study was undertaken on female migrants aged years in Emilia-Romagna region Italy by an anthropometric survey.

Length of residence was also evaluated by questionnaires. Association of overweight to length of residence was also evaluated. Our results indicate that anthropometric survey is fundamental to determine the risk of overweight in migrant groups and to promote interventions preventing unhealthy weight gains over the time. Some scholars, as Gimbutas, interpreted these changes hypothesizing a migration of pastoral groups from the steppes of southern Ukraine, also associated with the spread of proto-Indo-European languages Kurgan hypothesis. The Globular Amphora culture assumes a crucial role in this theory.

It was distributed across central and eastern Europe, from the Elbe to the middle Dnieper, around BC and was characterized by an apparently mobile economy, presence of domestic horse, distinctive pottery and burial rituals. Furthermore, the physical type of the Globular Amphora population was regarded as similar to those of the steppe region.

We selected 17 individuals from the Megalithic barrow of Kierzkowo Poland, Kujawy-Pomorze , an excellent example of rituals of the Globular Amphora culture. We are applying advanced molecular procedures based on Next Generation Sequencing and target enrichment in order to analyze genetic variation in this community. Our aim is to contribute to the Indo-European debate, by comparing our data with the available genetic data about ancient and modern Europeans, quantifying population relationships, and testing for the possible demographic implications of the Kurgan hypothesis upon the Globular Amphora culture.

Sprinters, Anthropometry, Genetic Polymorphism, Performance Sports performance is the result of interactions among body constitution, motivation and training. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of anthropometric traits, psychological components and genetic factors on performance in sprint running.

The sample consisted of Croatian runners of both sexes. Nine anthropometric measurements were taken according to the standardized procedure and anthropometric indexes were calculated. Athletes completed a self-questionnaire on personal best times, one repetition maximum in clean, and best performance in standing long jump. A multivariate analysis between personal best time and all traits collected on each athlete was carried out separately in both sexes. The results demonstrated that some anthropometric characteristics and psychological components had a beneficial effect on performance. An association between ACE gene variation and performance was found.

Still, the effects of examined traits on performance were different in male and female athletes. In conclusion, our findings confirm that multiple different factors are related to performance in sprint runners. Further research is needed to increase understanding about the influence of other important factors, such as training, competition level and the interactions among factors. The two caves of Covolo del Bronzo and Covolo del Teschio, located along Vajo Nogarole a narrow valley in Lessini mountains , fit perfectly into this complex frame, attesting the rite of collective secondary burial in cave.

It is part of an ancient tradition dating back to the Copper Age and found mainly in sub-Alpin and Alpin areas of Lombardia and Veneto regions. The funeral rite included an initial exposure of the body until it was completely decomposed. Thereafter, some bones were collected and placed inside a cave, often accompained by funeral offerings.

The peculiarity of these depositions are represented by the absence of the anatomical connection and, sometimes, by a selection of some skeletal districts. The two studied caves showed two different contexts: In both caves, numerous animal bones were present around the human bones.

The anthropological analysis allowed the determination of the minimum number of individuals and the definition of their biological profile. Moreover the attention was directed to the presence of pathologies and to the analysis of skeletal markers of occupational stress. Our findings can contribute to better understanding the archaeology of death in the ancient Veneto, shedding light on particular burial rites of the Bronze Age. Gross Motor Skills, Pre-School Children, Ferrara Gross motor skills are a fundamental objective of physical activity programs in primary education.

The purpose of this study was to estimate gross motor skills in pre-school children according to sex, age, and physical activity participation self- reported. The sample consisted of children females and 89 males , years old, attending council preschools in Ferrara Emilia Romagna, Italy. The Test of Gross Motor Development TGMD, Ulrich was used to assess 7 locomotion skills run, gallop, hop, leap, horizontal jump, skip and slide and 5 object-control skills two-hand strike, stationary bounce, catch, kick and overhand throw.

Videotaped performances were assessed by the same observer. Each skill was executed three times and evaluated on the basis of the presence success, score 1 or absence failure, score 0. In pre-school age, girls played sports more than boys. Girls preferred individual sports, while males played team sports especially football and basket. The TGMD scores showed no difference between sexes, however, in both the age classes, females had higher locomotion skills and males had more advanced object-control skills.

As expected, results showed that both sexes children, aged 6 years, had significantly higher performances in locomotion skills, handling skills and gross motor ability ratio in comparison to children aged 5 years. TGMD showed that the males that played sports had higher object-control scores and better motility. Moreover, data support the importance of sports participation for well development of gross motor ability in children.

The hypogean system is metres long. It is characterized by several chambers and culverts diverging in size and shape. The cave was attractive to Man from Paleolithic to Medieval times, especially during Late Neolithic and Copper Age, because of its mineral resources. Iron oxides goethite and hematite and copper carbonates malachite were intensely mined in this period. Recent archaeological excavations are conducted in the area called P eg otta a o di g to topog aphi ap of the site.

Findings allowed to identify an human ulna intentionally deposed into a recess of the goethite vein, under a boulder. Therefore datings attributed this skeletal remain to Upper Paleolithic. This atypical deposition requires in depth-analyses to explain its meaning and purpose. The comparison with others analogous cases in Italy and Europe allows us to interpret it as a ritual deposition.

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain Keywords: Three main stratigraphic units have been investigated SSUU 13, 14 and 15 , the sediments are mainly composed by a sandy- silt matrix with altered limestone rocks of centimetric and decimetric dimensions. The faunal assemblage is dominated by Ursus spelaeus and Ursus arctos.

Other carnivores Panthera leo, Panthera pardus, Lynx lynx, Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, Meles meles, Martes martes are also represented. The herbivores are represented by Rupicapra rupicapra, Cervus elaphus, Stephanorhinus sp.

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The archeozoological analysis allowed to recognize several cut marks mainly on Ursus remains, probably related to skinning activities. The micromammals analysis has allowed to attribute the investigated SSUU to a temperate period of the MIS 5 Ka mainly on the basis of the presence of Pliomys coronensis. The lithic production has been performed on local raw materials: The most part of the lithic production have been made using an opportunistic cf.

SSDA method, secondarily by Levallois and discoid debitage. The Ciota Ciara Cave represent the most complete evidence of the prehistorical occupation of the Piemonte Region. The interdisciplinary approach allowed to underline different types of occupation in terms of duration and surrounding exploitation. Leopoli-Cencelle, Middle Ages, Palaeobiology The main purpose of the present work is to obtain palaeobiological information about the skeletal remains, brought to light, during the excavation campaign, directed by Sapienza University of Rome, at Leopoli-Cencelle, a medieval town founded in by Pope Leo IV.

In particular, object of this work are burials brought to light during excavation campaign, different burials phases can be identified but those remains dates back to the XIII-XIV century, at that time the use of earthen graves was more frequent within additional soil accumulation layers, intensively taking up space, overlapping and cutting across each other. The sample is composed by 96 individuals: Sex estimation has been performed only on adult individuals: Females show a more frail physical structure but both sexes have high-developed musculoskeletal markers on lower limbs.

Estimated stature for females is ,30 cm, for males ,96 cm. Palaeopathological analysis is still going on but data seem to show a fairly widespread of degenerative and infectious diseases. Dental study suggests the presence of extramasticatory activities witnessed by a marked wear on mandible teeth. La neotenia cerebrale tesse relazioni dinamiche fra ambivalenza emotiva e processi cognitivi stimolando sentimenti contrastanti verso lo stesso oggetto, come: Per decine di migliaia danni la specie u a a ha isolto i p o le i dell a i ale za emotiva con forme complesse di ritualizzazione, che consentivano di tenere sotto controllo ogni forma di hybris.

Medioevo, Emilia-Romagna, Bioarcheologia, Confronto Di Popolazioni Le fonti archivistiche ci informano che, nel , l area, indicata come inter portas Citanovae et Ganaceti supra foveam civitatis , di Modena fu occupata dal monastero di Romitani, un istituto che dovette restare in funzione per poco tempo. Il complesso dei Romitani mostra una planimetria piuttosto comune, con una serie di edifici disposti attorno al chiostro che includevano una chiesa piuttosto modesta. Le fonti archivistiche sottolineano il divieto per l edificio religioso di svolgere funzione parrocchiale e cimiteriale, ma, nonostante le prescrizioni, sono state individuate 47 sepolture, in prevalenza all interno degli spazi monastici.

Il campione antropologico consiste in 58 individui provenienti da tombe singole, bisome e multiple e da alcune US: I valori staturali medi sono di ,8 cm per i maschi e ,5, per le femmine. Le indagini sistematiche, condotte dal al , hanno permesso di scavare finora una ventina di sepolture singole in fossa terragna.

Le tombe, spesso disposte affiancate, con orientamento differenziato, risultavano talvolta delimitate da ciottoli di fiume. Quasi tutte le sepolture possedevano interessanti elementi di corredo, che ad un analisi preliminare possono essere complessivamente ascritti ai secoli VI-VIII. Il cattivo stato di conservazione del materiale scheletrico non ha consentito di rilevare che poche misure del cranio e dello scheletro postcraniale.

More than complete skeletons and isolated skulls, 80 heads of mummies, 5 complete predynastic mummies and 15 dynastic ones are stored in the Museum. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that, despite several decades of research, there is still much to be learned about the biology and paleopathology of these specimens, especially thanks to advances in analytical, biological and imaging techniques.

In particular, multiple detector computed tomography MDCT with post-processing tools like multiplanar and three dimensional reconstructions confirmed its role in the non invasive study of wrapped mummies and its contribute to the cultural heritage providing important information in anthropological, medical, ethnological studies of mummies and their conservation.

We present some unpublished results regarding embalmed mummies analyzed by CT scan. In order to better explore the riddle of events which caused the present-day pattern, we adopted a genome wide approach by sampling a set of populations from Northern Apennines Central Italy characterised by different demographic and eco-geographic traits. Results were compared with a set of selected reference populations from the Mediterranean domain. Interestingly, all Italian populations share two admixture components. One dominates Sardinians hence mainly Neolithic as origin and the second one, almost exclusive of continental Italy and Sicily, reaches its frequency peaks in Central- Northern Apennines.

Our results emphasize the emerging role of Apennines as an area of conservative genetic traits which may help to identifying ancient genetic strata of Italy. L analisi microscopica della struttura fine di questo tessuto, consente lo studio di problematiche di interesse antropologico: Verranno quindi tipizzati circa individui che identificano le principali macroaree del territorio italiano Nord, Centro Sud e Isole. I dati ottenuti dall analisi genetica verranno messi a confronto sia con i dati genetici relativi a marcatori uniparentali ad evoluzione neutrale sia con i dati relativi alle consuetudini di produzione e consumo di bevande alcoliche a livello regionale.

Homo sapiens, Homo neanderthalensis, 3D Enamel Thickness, Lower Permanent Canines, Micro Computed Tomography Enamel thickness figures prominently in studies of human evolution, particularly with hominoid taxonomy, phylogeny, and paleodiet.

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Attention has focused on molar teeth, recently utilising advanced technologies with novel protocols. Despite important results achieved thus far, further work is needed to investigate all tooth classes. We apply a recent approach developed for anterior teeth to investigate 3D enamel thickness of hominin canines.

The cervical line was digitized on each 3D model using the spline function in Rapidform XOR2 to separate crown from root dentine. Volumes of enamel and of crown dentine, and the enamel-dentine junction surface were measured to compute Relative Enamel Thickness RET. Mean RET value for Neandertals This preliminary study confirms this trend for lower permanent canines, using a 3D protocol that is reproducible, has little subjectivity, and is particularly effective for the uneven contour of cervical enamel in anterior teeth.

Future contributions will allow for increased sample size, including worn teeth to investigate if the RET index still discriminates between Neandertal and H. La mummia, oggi conservata nella cattedrale cristiano-maronita di St. Georges ad Edhen, Libano Nord, versava in un grave stato di degrado. Gli antropologi del nostro Museo hanno ricevuto e svolto nel l i a i o di eseguire lo studio antropologico e la conservazione definitiva di questa mummia. Una ricostruzione dell aspetto fa iale i ita, eseguita o i etodi lassi i dell a t opologia fo e se, ha consentito la realizzazione e la calzatura sulla mummia di una maschera facciale in resina.

LabHomo, Laboratorio di Antropologia, Dip. Human Osteology, Comparative Collection, Infans Bones The importance of human osteological comparative collections is well known, both for studies in bio-archeology and bio-demographics, in order to evaluate comparatively the growth rates, health parameters, and other parameters related to population variability. In the same time these collections are fundamental in forensic anthropology. The value of a collection increases, a fortiori, when an homogeneous sample, selected from a demographic point of view, is representative of specific population.

Generally speaking, the construction of a collection of skeletons of children is difficult for a number of reasons, ranging from ethical and cultural reasons to differential taphonomy. For many years the Laboratory of Anthropology in Palermo has conducted a comparative collection of modern human skeletal materials, both adults and infans. In this work we present to the scientific community our collection of infans, consisting currently of samples from Western Sicily, identified by both sex and age.

Inside the cave, during different and not continuous field excavations carried out in the decade, seven human adults have been discovered. They were mostly attributed to the earliest Epigravettian explorers that arrived in Sicily crossing the Messinian strait. Morphometric analysis demonstrated their relationship with continental modern humans, in particular with humans bearing Magdalenian culture. Furthermore, morphological analyses suggest certain continuity in cranial morphology during the Palaeolithic-Mesolithic period in Sicily.

In order to better understand the earliest peopling of Sicily and their relationship with subsequent Mesolithic hunther- gatherers, we sampled the ST2 cranium for ancient DNA analysis and compared the extracted DNA with DNA data recently obtained for the Mesolithic hunter-gatherers from Favignana. ST2, discovered by Bonafede during the first field campaign and unearthed by Graziosi and Maviglia in , is a complete cranial sample attributed to a male, housed at the Gemmellaro Geological Museum of the University of Palermo.

Paleogenetic analyses on ST2 were conducted in a exclusively dedicated laboratory for ancient DNA work. Following the most stringent current protocols for validation of ancient DNA, we obtained endogenous sequences of mitochondrial DNA. In the light of these preliminary results we consider ST2 a good candidate for more innovative genomic analyses, like capture approaches. Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico L.

Il seguente studio illustra un caso particolare dove lo stadio di riparazione alveolare ha permesso di stimare con un certo grado di precisione il periodo di tempo trascorso tra l estrazione chirurgica antemortem di un dente ed il momento della morte di quella persona. Il cadavere, appartenente a una donna di 34 anni, era in avanzato stato di decomposizione ed in gran parte scheletrizzato.

L esame macroscopico, radiografico ed istologico della mandibola ha evidenziato il rimodellamento osseo in fase iniziale dell alveolo del primo molare sinistro, che si caratteriza per i una leggera riduzione dell altezza verticale della superficie vestibolare rispetto alla teorica posizione originale del dente, ii il riassorbimento del setto intra-alveolare e della lamina dura, e iii la formazione di nuovo osso immaturo che ricopre l intera superficie interna dell alveolo.

Birth Registration, Malnutrition, Sub-Saharan Africa An exact knowledge of age is necessary for assessing nutritional status. Nevertheless, million children under five years do not have their birth registered, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. We examined the effects of the lacking or imprecise knowledge of age on malnutrition prevalence. The composition of the sample used for nutritional evaluation was analysed using a permutation test.

Logistic regression was applied to analyse the relationship between BR and malnutrition. Registered children showed a better nutritional status than unregistered ones, even within groups with similar socio-economic conditions. Registered children were generally slightly more represented in the samples analysed for nutritional assessment than in the total one. This sampling error can cause the understimation of malnutrition estimates. Age imprecision showed to slightly overestimate malnutrition. The lacking or imprecise knowledge of age can lead to underestimate the prevalence of malnutrition.

While DHS and MICS remain the best sources of demographic and health information in low- and middle-income countries, procedures for nutritional assessment should be reviewed for applications in regions where registration at birth is still uncommon. Neolithic, Michelsberg, Human Remains, Skulls, Secondary Treatments From the last phases of European Neolithic, we know several human remains detained outside the funeral context. The large incidence of this kind of discoveries, lead us to think that many human skeletons have undergone possible secondary treatments, probably after the decomposing of putrescible elements.

In this regard, the Michelsberg culture is one of the most significant late Neolithic periods. The distribution of this culture, dated between the late fifth and the first half of the fourth MA B. Data concerning the Michelsberg funerary practices, show an anomalous situation if compared with other Neolithic periods. The most important phenomenon of this culture, in fact, is the presence of partial human bodies and isolated bones, particularly skulls, lying in ditches and pits of enclosures sites.

The recurring presence of human bones plays a fondamental role. Who were these people? Why they were in store for this kind of depositions? Were they enemies or people of higher lineage? Traces of intentional manipulations, such as signs of cutting and scraping, were found in some skulls, calotte and mandibles.

One of the most known manipulations is the famous skull- trophy at Ilsfeld, in Bruchsal, Germany, which shows signs of deterioration from weathering and deliberate enlargement of the foramen magnum. In the site of Hetzenberg, in Germany, was found an isolated human jaw with two symmetrical holes at the extremities. Was it worn as a pendant? It s difficult interpret these findings, although they prove the existence of secondary practices such as fragmentation and manipulation of the human skeleton.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the MCT1 AT polymorphism was associated with fat-free mass and with muscle injuries in young Italian elite soccer players. Fifty-four male professional soccer players were recruited during four seasons The fat-free mass was estimated by plicometry. The percentage of fat-free mass was significantly higher in soccer players with TT genotype and in the T-allele-dominant model group than in the athletes with AA genotype. These results suggest that the MCT1 T allele is associated with the fat- free mass and could have influenced the incidence and the severity of muscle injuries in top-level soccer players.

The presence of the MCT1 T allele could be taken into account to develop individualized training programs for soccer players to maximize their strength potential and to overcome barriers resulting from intense exercise. Human Evolution, Branching, Fertility, Offspring In this note we evaluate the probability of extinction EP of the female offspring of two women: L'11 e il 12 ottobre Titta Ruffo fece ritorno al Verdi con un titolo celeberrimo, che la vide protagonista eccelso in tutto il mondo: Nel l'allestimento di Turandot e nel dell'imponente Nerone di Boito tentarono di risollevare le sorti del melodramma a livello cittadino.

L' Otello di Verdi vide come interprete anche Carlo Tagliabue nel ruolo di Jago e alla Fedora di Giordano presero parte Ersilde Cervi Caroli e Galliano Masini con ottimo risultato, tanto da essere successivamente riproposta.

Negli anni successivi, prima della seconda guerra mondiale , il teatro vide sfilare una autentica passerella di grandi cantanti ed interpreti di fama mondiale, tra cui: Lo stesso anno vide protagonista la maestria di preparatore corale di Bruno Pizzi nell' Aida di Verdi, e una interpretazione antologica di Gina Cigna nel ruolo della protagonista, Elena Nicolai in Amneris e il debutto del baritono pisano Nicola Pierotti. Oltre poi si misero in mostra degli ottimi cantanti pisani: Dopo la guerra, che vide le vite spezzate e le speranze di molti abbattute nel fango, il teatro ebbe una notevole importanza come luogo di svago e dove si ricordavano i tempi passati e si facevano confronti con le precedenti edizioni.

Nel furono messi in scena La traviata , Rigoletto e Il barbiere di Siviglia , con un giovanissimo e brillante Tito Gobbi. Masini, sapendo da Poli che non sarebbe stato pagato la sera stessa, disse una storica frase, una di quelle tramandate di padre in figlio:. Tuttavia, in successione, furono allestiti: Nel lo svettante Trovatore di Mario Filippeschi.

Nel Norma con Gianfranco Cecchele nel ruolo di Pollione che fu molto apprezzato. Nel un ottimo Ernani con un cast importante: Nel il celebre Rigoletto di Piero Cappuccilli con un giovane Luciano Pavarotti , in due recite al fulmicotone, rimaste storiche nella memoria dei melomani non solo pisani. Dal in poi le stagioni liriche presero corpo con un numero importante di recite ed opere in cartellone, sempre con artisti buoni e alcuni giovani di talento, come Giacomo Aragall , Nicola Martinucci , Nicola Ghiuselev , Salvatore Fisichella , Olivia Stapp , Ilva Ligabue , Anna Baldasserini , Giancarlo Ceccarini , Antonio Salvadori.