Les Cavaliers des Madres: Cowboys des Pyrénées-Orientales et autres récits (French Edition)
Narrate a crisis in any novel, poem, or play as if you saw it enacted. Comment on the importance of this scene as a link in the plot. B — Study In each of the four following groups choose one topic and only one. Group I — Drama Not more than one topic from this group may be chosen. Till thou applaud the deed. Light thickens, and the crow Makes wing to the rooky wood: Good things of day begin to droop and drowse; Whiles night's black agents to their preys do rouse. And now I'll do't. But kerchieft in a comely cloud.
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While rocking winds are piping loud, Or ushered with a shower still, When the gust hath blown his fill. Ending on the rustling leaves. With minute-drops from off the eaves. And then my swooning, I had sworn I saw That which I saw; but what I saw was veil'd And cover'd; and this quest was not for me. You may illustrate your answer by referring by title to poems, by quoting single lines or short passages, or by using a longer continuous passage. In answering this question you may, if you choose, try to imitate Burke's style.
Write a paragraph using the following topic sentence from the "Farewell Address ": Topic i Carlyle's Bums c Name the three qualities which, according to Carlyle, contribute to the success of Burns's songs. Topic 2 Macaulay's Johnson Name and briefly characterize four works of Samuel Johnson, each represent- ing a different kind of composition. Topic j Emerson According to Emerson, what three or four characteristics of American woman- hood give rise to a new chivalry in behalf of woman's rights?
The answers under Part I will each count one-sixth of the total grade; the theme to be written on the topic chosen from Part II will count one-third. Part I — Books for Study From each of the following groups choose one topic and only one , and answer all the questions relating to that topic. The flighty purpose never is o'ertook Unless the deed go with it.
From this moment The wery firstlings of my heart shall be The firstlings of my hand. And even now To crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done. No boasting like a fool; This deed I'll do before this purpose cool: But no more sights! Topic 2 Shakespeare's Julius Caesar Well, Brutus, thou art noble; yet, I see, Thy honourable metal may be wrought From that it is disposed; therefore it is meet That noble minds keep ever with their likes; For who so firm that cannot be seduced?
Caesar doth hear me hard, but he loves Brutus. If I were Brutus now and he were Cassius, He should not humour me. Look here, upon this picture, and on this, The counterfeit presentment of two brothers. Give an example which he cites. Both a and b must be answered. Answer a, and either b ox c. Write a carefully planned theme of four or five hundred words on one and only one of the following topics 1.
A vivid picture of a scene or a character. The meeting of the hero and the villain. The opening scene of the play. An episode from the Bible or from the classics. Each answer will coimt one-fifth of the total. Part I — Books for Study From each of the following groups choose one topic only, and answer all the questions relating to that topic, except as specified in the question on Burke. What points of comparison and contrast do you detect between this selection and U Allegro and II Penseroso, with regard to both the writer's mastery of verse and his outlook upon life?
Satan reviews in Hell the ranks of his fallen angels, overcome in their revolt against God. Their glory withered; as when Heaven's fire Hath scathed the forest oaks or mountain pines. With singed top their stately growth, though bare, Stands on the blasted heath. Who wrote these two poems?
Give the author of each. Discuss any one of these. To what considerations does Burke refer? Whom does he mean by the "civil Htigant" and "the culprit"? In what sense does he "sit as a criminal judge"? What is the excellence referred to? Burns also has given us some specimens. Illustrate the point by telling the story of Fox and the tradesman. Part II — Books for Reading "Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested: Select six books from the ten that you have read from the A list "books for reading" , and state with regard to each whether you think it should be "tasted," "swallowed," or "chewed and digested.
Divide your time, therefore, about evenly among the fotir answers, reserving ten minutes for care- ful revision. T I — Books for Study The books for study are arranged in four groups: Select three topics, no two from the same group, and answer all the questions relating to each of these three topics.
Give reasons for your answer. How little you bested, Or fill the fixed mind with all your toys! And there, that day when the great light of heaven Burn'd at his lowest in the rolling year, On the waste sand by the waste sea they closed. Nor ever yet had Arthur fought a fight Like this last, dim, weird battle of the west. The Parsing of Arthur. Dost thou despise the earth where cares abound? Or, while the wings aspire, are heart and eye Both with thy nest upon the dewy ground? Thy nest which thou canst drop into at will, Those quivering wings composed, that music still!
To the last point of vision, and beyond Mount, daring warbler! Yet might'st thou seem, proud privilege! Leave to the nightingale her shady wood: A privacy of glorious light is thine, Whence thou dost pour upon the world a flood Of harmony, with instinct more divine; Type of the wise, who soar, but never roam, True to the kindred points of heaven and home. How does it differ in form from a sonnet? I have shown that his plan is to give protection to books in inverse proportion to their merit. State at least two of the proofs by which Lincoln upholds his position in that issue.
What interest do you find in the Old Testament or the ancient Greek narratives as compared with the modern fiction that you have read? Answer in one or two well-constructed paragraphs, referring to specific narratives. What interest and value do you find in essays or biographies? Defend or attack one of these kinds of writing in one or more well-constructed para- graphs, referring to essays or biographies not already mentioned in this paper. What poets and what poems have you found most pleasure and profit in reading? Answer in one or more well-developed paragraphs, giving full reasons for your answer and including quotations if possible.
Discuss one or more novels in which character rather than incident is the chief interest. Write an appreciation of some modern author whose work you have read in school. Two hours This is the ordinary or restricted examination for candidates who have already passed English 1. Each of the four answers required will count one-fourth of the whole. Divide your time, therefore, about evenly among the four answers, reserving ten minutes for care- ful revision.
Give full reasons for your answer.
Rightly to be great Is not to stir without great argument, But greatly to find quarrel in a straw When honour's at the stake. Explain their mean- ing in your own words. Do you yourself think that he deserves it? Illustrate your answer by reference to particular passages in L' Allegro, II Penseroso, or Comus in which he employs at continuous length allusions of c a mythological, b a pastoral, or c a literary nature. Topic 2 Tennyson's Idylls of the King O, when we reach'd The city, our horses stumbling as they trode On heaps of ruin, hornless unicorns, Crack'd basilisks, and spUnter'd cockatrices, And shatter'd talbots, which had left the stones Raw, that they fell from, brought us to the hall.
Who speaks these words and on what occasion? Explain the meaning of the italicized words. For what reason had the ruin come about? What report did the persons mentioned bring with them? Who is the chief figure in this story? Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance. And think that I may never Hve to trace Their shadows with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair Creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think TiU Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.
Upon what different principles does Burke base his objections to Lord North's project? What is the question referred to? What was Lincoln's argument on this question? How does the develop- ment of his argument make this Cooper Union speech a valuable historical document?
What differences between the two men in character and intellect are discoverable in Carlyle's essay? The military, family, or business life of today as contrasted with that depicted in the Old Testament, the Iliad, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid. The scene of action, and its appropriateness to the events, in any one of the novels or dramas that you have read. Craft and cruelty as exemplified in any of the novels and dramas you have read.
From this point of view comment upon some biography. The element of the heroic in some of the poems that you have read. Three hours [This is the ordinary or restricted examination, for those who wish to take English A and English B together. For separate question papers in English A and English B see pages 4 and 6. Write a composition of not less than four hundred words on any one of the following topics: The military, family, or business life of today as contrasted with that depicted in the Old Testament, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid.
The scene of action, and its appropriateness to the events, in any one of the following novels or dramas: Craft and cruelty as exemphfied in any one or more of these same novels and dramas. The element of ' the heroic in the poetry that you have read by Tennyson, Browning, Scott, or Arnold. That it is unwise to he heedless ourselves while we are giving advice to others, I will show in a few lines.
Is this sentence complex or compound? Change this to a simple sentence without altering the meaning. Write a composition of not less than two hundred words on one of the following topics: The industry or business that keeps my town aUve. The cost of advertising and its effect upon the cost of living.
Popular versus classical music. Why should we read poetry? The problem of the immigrant in my town. A book character who seems especially " human. Duties and privileges of citizenship in the United States. The usefulness of the United States Senate. The thought suggested by the late war which recurs most often to me.
The best kind of place for summer recreation. What the hbrary has meant to me.
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Answer a and either b or c. Canst thou not minister to a mind discas'df Pluck from the memory a rooted sorrow, Raze out the written troubles of the brain, And with some sweet oblivious antidote Cleanse the stuff d bosom of that perilous stuff Which weighs upon the heart? Give the occasion of the foregoing speech, and explain the itaHcized words and phrases. Which seems to you to play the greatest part in the down- fall of Macbeth, his ambition, his fear, or his imagination? Explain their meaning in your own words. Why does he reproach himself as he does in the first two lines?
Show in what specific ways Hamlet may seem to deserve this reproach. Answer either a or b. Illustrate your answer by reference to particular passages in L' Allegro, II Penseroso, or Comus in which he employs allusions of 1 a mythological, 2 a pastoral, or 3 a literary nature. And think that I may never five to trace Their shadows with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair Creature of an hour! That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have relish in the faery power Of unreflecting love — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.
How does the form of the foregoing sonnet differ from the sonnet form used by Wordsworth? Explain why Keats should be writing of death, and show how his desires as here expressed are partially, at least, realized in the Ode to Autumn and Ode on a Grecian Urn or any other of his poems to which you may wish to refer. Answer either a or h. What bearing have this situation and this argument upon the present problem of inter- national vmion? Two hours [This is the ordinary or restricted examination.
With little here to do or see Of things that in the great world be, Sweet Daisy! Point out the clauses in the foregoing sentence, and tell the function of each. What kind of sentence is it, simple, complex, or compound? Explain the grammatical construction of a With little here to do or see, b Sweet Daisy!
The mihtary, family, or business life of today as contrasted with that depicted in the Old Testament, the Odyssey, or the Aeneid. The scene of action, and its appropriateness to the events, in any of the following novels or dramas: Craft and cruelty as exemplified in any one or more of these same novels and dramas. The element of the heroic in the poetry that you have read by Tennyson, Browning, Scott, or Arnold. The industry or business which keeps my town alive. How I should like to vote in the coming election, and why. A "drive" for better English. The hobby which I have clung to most persistently.
My own experience with the high cost of Uving. What the library has meant to me. My early play and playmates. That it is unwise to be heedless ourselves while we are giving advice to others, I will show in a few lines. Give the construction of a unwise, b to be heedless, and c to others. Part II — Composition Write a composition of not less than four hundred words on one of the following topics: The cost of advertising and its effect upon the cost of hving.
A book character who seems especially "human. Canst thou not minister to a mind diseased, Pluck from the memory a rooted sorrow, Raze out the written troubles of the brain, And with some sweet oblivious antidote Cleanse the stuff d bosom of that perilous stufif Which weighs upon the heart? Give the occasion of the foregoing speech, and explain the italicized words and phrases.
On what occasion does Hamlet speak these words? Illustrate your answer by reference to particular passages in U Allegro, II Penseroso, or Comus in which he employs allusions of 1 a mythological, 2 a pastoral, or 3 a literary nature. The Terror of Death When I have fears that I may cease to be Before my pen has glean'd my teeming brain, Before high piled books in charact'ry Hold like rich garners the full-ripen'd grain; When I behold, upon the night's starr'd face, Huge cloudy symbols of a high romance, And think that I may never live to trace Their shadows with the magic hand of chance; And when I feel, fair Creature of an hour!
That I shall never look upon thee more, Never have reUsh in the faery power Of unreflecting love — then on the shore Of the wide world I stand alone, and think Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink. Explain why Keats should be writing of death, and show how his desires as here expressed are partially, at least, realized in the Ode to Autumn and Ode to a Grecian Urn or any other of his poems to which you may wish to refer.
Answer either a ox b. What bearing have this situa- tion and this argument upon the present problem of international union? However accurate in subject-matter, no paper will be considered satisfactory if seriously defective in punctuation, spelling, or other essentials of good usage. Allow about one hour for each of the three parts of the paper. Contrast any two poets, or any two poems, that appeal to you strongly but for different reasons. You have been prejudiced against certain books by hearing them called "classics," by being urged to read them, or by being obliged to read them.
What has been your attitude toward such books after reading them? What advantages has the novelist over the writer of short stories? Show how the outcome of some tragedy of Shakespeare is determined by the character of the hero. Part II Write in several paragraphs a composition of about four hundred words upon one of the following subjects.
Choose such aspects of the subject as you can well discuss according to an orderly, consecutive plan in which each paragraph shall be one stage. In a letter to your father, announcing your election to a school office, tell him what you plan to do. Your likes and dislikes in music or in pictures.
The surprisingly human characteristics of school teachers. The career of one of the following persons: A great discovery or invention, and some of its consequences. An industry important in your town or state. The troubles of a policeman or railway conductor, or dressmaker, or store- keeper, or postman. Three diary-entries about a vacation: Should military drill be required in your school? The relation of America to the present war. The low world laid its hand, Found straightway to its mind, could value in a trice: That weighed not as his work," yet swelled the man's amount: Fancies that broke through language and escaped; All I could never be.
All men ignored in me. This I was worth to God " h How would Browning have us judge a man's true worth? Identify at least six of the following characters by telling in what work each occurs, and characterize each in a few words: Define six of the following words and write sentences illustrating their proper use: Select a famous character in drama or prose fiction; mention three or four qualities that distinguish him, and refer to incidents in the plot that bring each of these characteristics into prominence.
Choose either a or b. What are the essential qualities of a good oration? Use specific illustrations drawn from ancient or modern orations. School-life as you know it contrasted with school-life as it is represented in stories. What you would do with a million dollars. The question of "preparedness. Your father's occupation, or some other occupation which you know equally well. The work you have done in manual training or domestic science in your school.
Impressions which your town makes i upon you; and 2 upon some friend who has come to visit you. Summer military training camps. Your hobby — such as stamp collecting, amateur photography, wireless telegraphy, etc. Why and how should students share in the government of your school? How participation in school activities has proved beneficial to you. Paraphrase the following lines from Tennyson's In Memoriam, restating each idea in simple prose: Select from the following list a the novelists; Jb the eighteenth-century writers; and c the American writers: However accurate in subject-matter, no paper will be considered satisfactory if seriously defective in spelling, punctuation, or other essentials of good usage.
Allow fxUly one hour for Part n. Show how a minor character in some novel that you have read vitally influences the course of the story. Mention certain poems or dramas in which the supernatural plays a significant part. Comment specifically on the influence of tliis element upon character and plot. Select an American author of note and tell what his special contribution was to American literature. Summer work on the farm. The building of an inexpensive garage, or the equipment of a shop, laboratory, or gymnasium at home.
The best section of the United States. How I furnished my room. The relations between the United States and Mexico. The mining of coal or any other important industrial process, such as the milling of lumber or the production of steel. The equipment and training of a military officer. Changes I should like to make in the organization of some school activity.
Books that I shall not make my children read. A project for world-peace. A contemporary writer whose works might well be read in school. An argument for or against national prohibition by federal enactment. Democracy in the European War. Quiet Work One lesson, Nature, let me learn of thee, One lesson which in every wind is blown, One lesson of two duties kept at one Though the loud world proclaim their enmity — Of toil unsever'd from tranquillity!
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Of labor, that in lasting fruit outgrows Far noisier schemes, accomplish 'd in repose, Too great for haste, too high for rivalry! Yes, while on earth a thousand discords ring, Man's fitful uproar mingling with his toil, Still do thy sleepless ministers move on, , Their glorious tasks in silence perfecting; Still working, blaming still our vain turmoil.
Laborers that shall not fail, when man is gone. Part IV Answer either 1 or 2. Define five of the following words, and write sentences illustrating their proper use: Allow fully one hour for Part II. In any play of Shakespeare show how the hero's conscience or sense of duty influences his career. A good novel tells a story, draws characters, and depicts scenes. Show how this is true of some novel which you have read in school. Show in which one of these three elements the writer's skill is best revealed.
Do you prefer to read the biography of a real person or the life of an imagi- nary person in a novel? Choose an example of each, and tell why one interests you more than the other. From some essay that you have read, reproduce in your own words a descrip- tion of an interesting character, custom, or place.
How to secure more general participation in school athletics. How to educate one's parents. A letter to Julius Caesar explaining the methods of modern warfare. Dormitory life at school. The advantages of school dramatics. The preparation of oxygen or carbon dioxide in the laboratory, its physical and chemical properties, and its relation to life.
Modern methods of fighting disease. The advantages of a city school or of a country school. Little we see in Nature that is ours; We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon! This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon; The winds that will be howling at all hours And are up-gather'd now like sleeping flowers; For this, for every thing, we are out of tune; It moves us not. I'd rather be A Pagan suckled in a creed outworn,' So might I, standing on this pleasant lea, Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn; Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea; Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn, b What is Wordsworth's attitude toward the spirit of commercialism in life?
What is his attitude toward nature? Stlect four names from the following list and give the name of some woman whom the author associates with each. Briefly characterize each of these women. Allow a full hour for Part n. In a Shakespearean tragedy there is usually a scene which marks the turning-point in the fortunes of the hero. Select such a scene from one of Shakespeare's tragedies, describe the events which happen in it, and show how these events affect the subsequent career of the hero. If you were living in London between and , what literary men should you hear most about and what writings of theirs should you prob- ably be reading?
Choose any novel with which you are familiar. Name and discuss an inci- dent in the plot that is a direct result of the character or personality of one of the actors. Name and illustrate the chief differences between prose and poetry. Write a letter, with proper heading and conclusion, intended to persuade a friend to enter the college of your own choice.
What makes a story popular? Why do women wish to vote? My automobile and I. The customs of a strange community that you know or have visited. The effect of the war upon your school. Press censorship in time of war. How I have earned money outside of school. Paraphrase the following lines from Lowell's Commemoration Ode, restating each idea in simple prose: Weak-winged is song, Nor aims at that clear-ethered height Whither the brave deed climbs for light: We seem to do them wrong, Bringing our robin's-leaf to deck their hearse Who in warm life-blood wrote their nobler verse, Our trivial song to honor those who come With ears attuned to strenuous trump and drum, And shaped in squadron-strophes their desire, Live battle-odes whose lines were steel and fire: Yet sometimes feathered words are strong, A gracious memory to buoy up and save From Lethe's dreamless ooze, the common grave Of the unventurous throng.
Condense the thought of these lines into one sentence. Make a list of verbs expressing rapid motion; of nouns expressing a loud noise; of adjectives expressing great size. However accxirate in subject-matter, no paper will be considered satisfactory if seriously defective in punctuation, spelling, or other essentials of good usage.
Allow a full hour for Part II. In what ways does an oration differ from an essay? Illustrate your answer by specific examples, 2. From the life of some person whose biography you have read select an epi- sode that seems to you particularly characteristic. Retell this episode and show wherein it is characteristic. Answer a and either h or c. Mention several of his poems which you have read. What qualities make these passages memorable? What qualities make these lines worth memorizing? In a Shakespearean tragedy the hero is usually called upon to make a momen- tous decision which is to affect his future action.
Illustrate this from any tragedy of Shakespeare which you have read, stating the question at issue and showing what influences determine the hero's decision. How does the hero's character affect the decision? What we owe to England. A Liberty Loan campaign. The part that women have played in the war. The work of the Junior Red Cross in your school. An electric light plant. Planning and equipping a modern kitchen. If you were principal of a school.
Write a letter to a friend about the best book you have recently read, making clear to him why he should read it. What you have done to help win the war. Paraphrase the following lines from Tennyson's Will, restating each idea in simple prose: O well for him whose will is strong! He suffers, but he will not suffer long; He suffers, but he cannot suffer wrong. For him nor moves the loud world's random mock, Nor all Calamity's hugest waves confound.
Who seems a promontory of rock, That, compass'd round with turbulent sound, In middle ocean meets the surging shock. But ill for him who, bettering not with time. Corrupts the strength of heaven-descended Will, And ever weaker grows through acted crime. Or seeming-genial venial fault, Recurring and suggesting still! He seems as one whose footsteps halt, Toiling in immeasurable sand. And o'er a weary sultry land. Far beneath a blazing vault, Sown in a wrinkle of the monstrous hill. The city sparkles like a grain of salt.
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How does Tennyson emphasize the contrast between the two ideas expressed in the poem? Detach the part of this examination paper marked "Supplementary Sheet"; write your name on the sheet; and then punctuate, capitalize, and otherwise correct on the supplementary sheet the passage there reprinted from Washington Irving's Christmas Day. Inclose the supplementary sheet in your examination hook before you hand it in. Part I Answer 1, and either 2 or Z.
Make a list of not more than thirty books that you have read and consider to be good literature. Include, if possible, a variety of types of literature, such as plays, essays, novels, long poems, or collections of poetry, short stories. State four or five important ideas that you have gained from this reading. From what book was each derived?
What customs of life strikingly different from those familiar to yoii in your own place and time did you encounter in these books? Choose such aspects of the subject as you can well discuss according to an orderly, consecutive plan, in which each paragraph shall be one stage. You feel that some aspect of the situation in Europe requires public attention in America. Write to your local paper about it.
A reporter from a country newspaper was in some large city at the time of the last Liberty Loan campaign, or some other great public celebration. Write the article that he would send to his paper. Explain to an older person how the war has changed your plans for the future. Explain to a civilian what are the distinguishing characteristics of the infantry, the marine corps, the coast artillery, or the signal corps. If you had an opportunity to join some reUef organization in Europe, which one should you wish to enter and why?
Write a letter to a friend describing a town that you have recently visited. The Holy Grail Ulysses Part IV 1. Express the general thought of the following passage in one good sentence: In mediaeval and early modern times those articles only could be transported for any considerable distance which had great value in small bulk. Such were drugs, spices, fine cloths, rare silks and cottons, choice weapons, and armor.
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These were used chiefly by the small circle of the rich; trade in them did not affect the mass of the population. Where water transportation could be used there was indeed some possibility of trade and exchange in the bulkier commodities. For this reason England, with her insular position and much-indented seacoast, was able at a comparatively early stage to export such commodities as wool, copper, and tin, and to develop in some degree the geographical division of labor. With the improvement and enlargement of vessels, the greater security of the seas, and the use of the mariner's compass, trade by water gradually grew to greater and greater dimensions.
A still further extension came in the latter part of the eighteenth century, when parts of the interior of the civilized countries were tapped by canals. But the most far-reaching development of the geograph- ical division of labor came with the railway; for the railway can reach all parts of the land.
The industry of almost every part of the world has been transformed by this mighty solvent. Taussig, The Principles of Economics. Using as far as possible your own words, give the meaning of each sentence in the following sonnet. Be sure that your own sentences are clear, natural, and idiomatic. When I consider how my light is spent Ere half my days in this dark world and wide. And that one talent which is death to hide Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest He returning chide; "Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?
But Patience, to prevent That murmur, soon replies, " God doth not need Either man's work or His own gifts. Who best Bear His mild yoke, they serve Him best. His state Is kingly: It has been said by a recent American critic that the plays of Shakespeare " unfold primarily not character but events, and at the end, except for casual conversions, his characters are pretty much what they were at the begin- ning. Explain your answer by definite references. State some of the features in the plays of Shakespeare that would not appear in the drama of today.
Quote ten or twelve lines of poetry. Describe the meter and the rhyme scheme. Point out the particularly effective words, and give reasons for your selection of these words. Some novels are interesting because of their plot, some because of their char- acters, some because of their setting. Illustrate this statement, as far as you are able, from the novels you have read in preparation for this examina- tion. A brief paper is to be read before the science club of a school explaining the working of some interesting mechanism.
Before selecting the magazines for the coming year the school librarian has asked each member of last year's senior class to make a report on three or four magazines that he thinks are most valuable for the school library. Write a report in which you try to persuade the librarian to accept your choice. Sketch the probable later history of one of these, or of some other character in a book you have read in preparation for this examination.
Write a letter to a friend about a current event that is interesting you. Write a letter to a London newspaper explaining what, in your opinion, has been the most important effect of the war upon America. Write a paper to be read before your school literary or debating society on "What Makes a Good Soldier.
Use in a sentence each word in the following pairs of words so as to bring out unmistakably differences in meaning: It is commonly supposed that when a man seeks literary power he goes to his room and plans an article for the press. But this is to begin literary culture at the wrong end. We speak a hundred times for every once we write.
The busiest writer produces little more than a volume a year, not so much as his talk would amount to in a week. Consequently, through speech it is usually decided whether a man is to have command of his language or not. If he is slovenly in his ninety- nine cases of talking, he can seldom pull himself up to strength and exactitude in the hundredth case of writing. A person is made in one piece, and the same being runs through a multitude of performances.
Whether words are uttered on paper or to the air, the effect on the utterer is the same. Vigor or feebleness results according as energy or slackness has been in command. I know that cer- tain adaptations to a new field are often necessary. A good speaker may find awkwardness in himself, when he comes to write ; a good writer, when he speaks. And certainly cases occur where a man exhibits distinct strength in one of the two, speaking or writing, and not in the other. But such cases are rare. As a rule, language once within our control can be employed for oral or for written purposes.
And since the opportunities for oral practice enormously outbalance those for written, it is the oral which is chiefly significant in the development of literary power. We rightly say of the accomplished writer that he shows a mastery of his own tongue. Palmer, S elf-Cultivation in English. Much have I traveled in the realms of gold, And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; Round many western islands have I been Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold.
Oft of one wide expanse had I been told That deep-browed Homer ruled as his demesne: Yet did I never breathe its pure serene Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold: Then felt I like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken; Or like stout Cortez when with eagle eyes He stared at the Pacific — and all his men Looked at each other with a wild surmise — Silent, upon a peak in Darien. Three hours However accurate in subject-matter, no paper will be considered satisfactory if seriously defective in ptinctuation, spelling, or other essentials of good usage.
Allow a full hour for Part IV. Part I Write upon 1, and upon either 2 or 3 1. Some books primarily add to your information; other books primarily give you pleasure, set you thinking, or stir your imagination. Arrange them in two lists. Place in one, books that belong to the first class; in the other, books that belong to the second class. Selecting three of the titles which you have placed in the second list, explain fully why you have so classified them. What are some of the means which a novelist can use but which a dramatist cannot: Illustrate your statements by contrasting, in at least two of these respects, a novel and a play that you have read.
One critic asserts that Shakespeare had an enormous specific acquaintance with the common people; another, that he was essentially aristocratic. Which of these statements is true ; or are both true? Illustrate by reference to as many as possible of the plays that you know. Condense the material of the following paragraph into a brief statement which is also clear and orderly: Henry James once suggested as a test of the rank of a novel that we ask ourselves whether it aroused in us the emotions of surprise or the emotions of recognition. If it amuses us only by the ingenuity of its story and by the startling effect of its unsuspected incidents, it stands on a lower plane than if it please us by revealing unexpected recesses of the human soul, which we accept as veracious although we have never before perceived them.
The same test is as valid in the theater as in the library; and in a serious drama, as well as in high-comedy, mere surprise must always be subordinate to the subtler recognition. When we see a personage in a play do this, or when we hear him say that, we ought to feel instantly that, however unforeseen the deed or the saying may be, it was precisely what that personage would have done or said at that particular moment of his Ufe.
Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire; Hands, that the rod of empire might have sway'd, Or waked to ecstasy the living lyre. But Knowledge to their eyes her ample page Rich with the spoils of time did ne'er unroll; Chill Penury repress'd their noble rage, And froze the genial current of the soul. Full many a gem, of purest ray serene, The dark unfathom'd caves of ocean bear; Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air.
Some village Hampden, that with dauntless breast The little tyrant of his fields withstood; Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest, Some Cromwell guiltless of his country's blood. Why are these remembered rather than other lines or phrases? Which list of names seems to you the more fitting? The Faery Queen 5. Arcadia Part IV Write in several paragraphs a composition of about four hundred words upon one of the following subjects. Explain to a boy or a girl who is not going to college, why you are planning to go. Drawing upon your own experience and observation, write for your school paper an article entitled "Children's Make-Beheve.
Write a letter to your local newspaper on the proper observance of Sunday. Imagine that for some reason you have to begin earning your Hving imme- diately. Your city government is discussing the question of dayUght-saving. You are asked to appear before the council to represent the young people of the town. Your school is considering changes in the examination system. You are asked to appear before the faculty to state the students' point of view with reference to desirable reforms. Explam the changes in modern life that have been brought about by some important invention.
The place of the general public in labor disputes. However accurate in subject-matter, no paper will be considered satisfactory if ser- iously defective in punctuation, spelling, or other essentials of good usage. Allow a full boixr for Part IV. Part I Write on 1, and on either 2 or 3. There are books that you Hke and books that you do not hke. Selecting two or three titles in each list, explain fully why you have so classified them. In a Shakespearian tragedy there is usually a scene or group of scenes that makes clear the situation out of which the play develops; another that sets the main action going; another that marks the turning-point of the action; and another that brings it to a close.
Indicate such scenes or groups of scenes from one of Shakespeare's tragedies, and show briefly how each fulfils its purpose. Choose from each of three novels which you have read a major or a minor char- acter that you remember vividly. Tell as fully as you can what, in each case, the author has done to make the character stand out so clearly. Condense the material of the following paragraph into a brief statement that is also clear and orderly: The originaUty of form and treatment which Macaulay gave to the historical essay has not, perhaps, received due recognition.
Without having invented it, he so greatly improved and expanded it that he deserves nearly as much credit as if he had. He did for the historical essay what Haydn did for the sonata, and Watt for the steam-engine: Before his time there was the ponderous history, generally in quarto, and there was the anti- quarian dissertation.
There was also the historical review, containing alternate pages of extract and comment, generally dull and gritty. But the historical essay, as he conceived it, and with the prompt inspiration of a real discoverer immediately put into practical shape, was as good as unknown before him. And to this day his essays remain the best of their class, not only in England, but in Europe.
Slight, or even trivial, in the field of historical erudition and critical inquiry, they are masterpieces if regarded in the light of great popular cartoons on subjects taken from modern history. They are painted, indeed, with such freedom, vividness, and power that they may be said to enjoy a sort of tacit monopoly of the periods and characters to which they refer, in the estimation of the general public. Bare ruin'd choirs, where late the sweet birds sang. In me thou see'st the twilight of such day As after sunset fadeth in the west; Which by and by black night doth take away, Death's second self, that seals up all in rest.
In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire, That on the ashes of his youth doth lie, As the death-bed whereon it must expire, Consumed with that which it was nourish'd by. This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong. To love that well which thou must leave ere long. In what way does the last line of the sonnet refer back to all these figures? Why, in each case, would the word substituted be less effective? Part IV Write in several paragraphs a composition of about four hundred words upon one of the following subjects.
Explain to a friend the extent to which the students share in the government and discipHne of your school. Add your own opinion as to whether or not this share should be increased. A young people's society in your church or town lacks enthusiasm. What do you think is the cause, and what, if you were elected president, would you try to do in order to increase interest?
Write a paper to be presented to the Science Club of your school on the plants, the birds, or the animals of your neighborhood. A paper pubHshed in a foreign language has decided to print a weekly article in EngUsh. The editor has asked you for an article entitled, " What Makes a Good American? Pick from among your teachers, without using their real names, the two whom you consider the best.
Taking these teachers as examples, write an essay on what, from a student's point of view, makes good teaching. Discuss the effects of the war on the men who have come back, as you have personally seen these effects. Two hours The use of clear and idiomatic English is reqxxired. Part I Translate into English: Le lendemain, je suis reveille en sursaut' par le roulement d'une voiture de laitier, qui revient de la gare et qui rentre avec son chargement de vases de cuivre pleins de lait.
Je me frotte les yeux en cherchant ou je puis etre. Je ne sais trop quelle heure il est; mais, au tapage de la cour et aux rumeurs qui viennent de la rue, je me rends compte que la matinee doit etre deja avancee. Je saute a bas de mon comptoir et je procede en hate a ma toilette. Pas le moindre bruit; I'oncle Scipion dort encore. Du cote derescalier,meme silence. II parait qu'a Paris on se leve plus tard qu'en province.
J'ouvre Tune des fenetres et, penche sur le bord, je m'amuse a examiner le spectacle de la cour. Tandis que j'ecoute ce reveil du Paris laborieux, je sens une main se 15 poser sur mon epaule. Je me retourne et me trouve face a face avec mon oncle, rase de frais et boutonnant son veston. Part II Translate into French write all numbers in full: Uncle Scipio has just gone to the station with my cousin.
I do not think they will come back before ten o'clock. Although it is early, there is a great deal of noise in the streets. His house is farther from the station than yours. You and I will tell him what astonishes us. My cousin is twenty-five years old. He was born on October 29, Uncle's house is not as large as the one we saw the other day. In his parlor, however, you will see beautiful paintings. He will show them to you, when you come on Tuesday.
What would you like to do this afternoon? Give five principal parts of: Write the 3d person singular of the present indicative, the 1st person singular of the future, and the 3d person plural of the present subjunctive of: You tell it to us; will he give you some? Change the infinitives in the following sentences to their correct form: How are i, au, oi, gn, ais pronounced?
How are French syllables divided in French? Part IV Answer in complete French sentences the following questions: Depuis combien d'annees etudiez-vous le franjais? Combien d'eleves y avait-il dans votre classe de frangais? Get fast, free shipping with Amazon Prime.
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