Carbon-based Membranes for Separation Processes

Separation through membranes is usually achieved based on the selective transport phenomenon of the molecules through the membrane matrix [ 3 ].

Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes are widely used for water treatment. However, thick active separating layer of the pressure driven membranes restricts the water flux. Solution could be the reinforcement of nanomaterials in the membrane matrix to enhance the flux while achieving the targeted molecules to be separated [ 1 ]. Advanced membrane materials with excellent selectivity is required for controllable separation process of gas purifications and water treatments [ 4 ].

Among various nanomaterials , carbon nanomaterials viz. Whereas, graphene is a one-atom thick sheet of graphite which contain sp2-hybridized carbon atoms nicely arranged in the hexagonal honeycomb lattices, and graphene oxide GO nano sheets are oxygen functional groups containing graphene which could be obtained by treating graphite with strong oxidizer [ 4 - 6 ].

One of the prime applications of the CNMs is reinforcing materials in the matrix e. Properties of the nanocomposite membranes depend on several factors such as nanomaterials dimensions, dispersion, distribution and interfacial interaction of nanofillers with the matrix [ 7 ].

• The Family Model: Managing the impact of parental mental health on children?
• Carbon-based Membranes for Separation Processes;
• New Beginnings (An Encouraged Affair - Book 2).
• iTunes is the world's easiest way to organize and add to your digital media collection..

The impact of research on carbon nanomaterials for the membrane separation is growing tremendously which is reflected by number of review articles published in this area of advanced material applications [ 8 - 10 ]. There are few approaches to fabricate CNT membranes [ 8 ]. Three common types of CNT membranes are schematically shown in Figure 1.

What is Kobo Super Points?

Synthesized well aligned CNT on the substrate and subsequent filling of gaps between the CNTs, could serve as a novel membrane Figure 1b. Filling materials could be impermeable materials such as epoxy resin, silicone nitrite, etc. The tips of the CNT can be opened by plasma treatment. The high aspect ratio, smooth hydrophobic wall and the hollow tunnel of CNT provides frictionless transport of water molecules to enhance flux though the membranes. Reinforcement of CNT into the polymeric membrane could enhance performances such as high flux, improve permselectivity, better mechanical properties and improvement of other functional properties for an example antifouling property [ 13 , 14 ].

Schematics showing three common types of CNT membranes: Pure graphene membrane without pore is impermeable to small molecules due to the closely packed carbon atom in the lattice and repulsion of molecules by electron density of its hexagonal rings. Graphene oxide membrane can be prepared by vacuum filtration of GO solution on a template support or spraying of GO solution on solid support by doctor blade and subsequent removing the solid support [ 16 ].

Thin and uniformly aligned graphene oxide membrane can be obtained by spin coating [ 19 ]. Single layer GO membrane has few limitation for bulk production and uses, such as durability, stability and fragile, hence, difficult to handle [ 16 ].

Rapid rise of global population demands more energy, fresh water, and subsequent needs for waste water treatment facilities. The application of carbon nanomaterial based membranes are promising in many areas such as water treatment viz.

Both gas separation as well as large-scale water treatment could be benefited by using CNMs based membranes. Membrane prepared by using aligned encapsulated CNT with open both ends allows low resistance flow of fluids, and this could be used to develop energy efficient membrane as compared with the energy intensive reverse osmosis membrane to desalinate sea water, and for gas separation as well [ 7 ]. Functionalized MWNT reinforced adsorptive membrane could be used to remove metal ions from the aqueous solution.

1. Покупки по категориям.
2. Oscars Fake Restaurant On TripAdvisor!
3. La bête du Gévaudan (LHistoire comme un roman) (French Edition)?
4. (Til) I Kissed You.
5. Join Kobo & start eReading today;
6. Carbon-based Membranes for Separation Processes : Ahmad Fauzi Ismail : !

Functional groups on MWNT can provide additional functionalities for the metal ion adsorption further creation of nano channel by the nanofillers reduces diffusive hindrance and provide supplementary pathways for the transport of metal ion to the active sites for the effective adsorption [ 15 ]. Kindle Edition File Size: Springer; edition 14 June Sold by: Share your thoughts with other customers. Write a product review.

Reward Yourself

Get to Know Us. Optimised for larger screens.

Membrane Separation - Introduction

Not Enabled Word Wise: Not Enabled Enhanced Typesetting: Not Enabled Average Customer Review: Be the first to review this item Would you like to tell us about a lower price? Delivery and Returns see our delivery rates and policies thinking of returning an item? See our Returns Policy. Visit our Help Pages. Audible Download Audio Books.