A Long Day (Ticonderoga Book 3)

After the war began at the Battle of Lexington and Concord on April 19, , the Americans decided to seize the fort before it could be reinforced by the British, who might then use the fort to stage attacks on the American rear. It is unclear who first proposed capturing the fort: Two independent expeditions to capture Ticonderoga—one out of Massachusetts and the other from Connecticut—were organized.

At Cambridge, Massachusetts, Benedict Arnold told the Massachusetts Committee of Safety about the cannon and other military stores at the lightly defended fort. On May 3, , the Committee gave Arnold a colonel's commission and authorized him to command a secret mission to capture the fort.

Meanwhile, in Hartford, Connecticut, Silas Deane and others had organized an expedition of their own. Ethan Allen assembled over of his Green Mountain Boys, about 50 men were raised by James Easton at Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and an additional 20 men from Connecticut volunteered. This force of about gathered on May 7 at Castleton, Vermont. Ethan Allen was elected colonel, with Easton and Seth Warner as his lieutenants. Meanwhile, Captain Noah Phelps reconnoitered the fort disguised as a peddler.

He saw that the fort walls were in a dilapidated condition and learned from the garrison commander that the British soldiers' gunpowder was wet. He returned and reported these facts to Ethan Allen. On May 9, Benedict Arnold arrived in Castleton and insisted that he was taking command of the operation, based on his orders and commission from the Massachusetts Committee of Safety. Many of the Green Mountain Boys objected, insisting that they would go home rather than serve under anyone but Ethan Allen.

Arnold and Allen worked out an agreement, but no documented evidence exists about what the terms of the agreement were. According to Arnold, he was given joint command of the operation.

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One guard tried to stop the invaders by firing a shot, but the musket flashed in the pan. The only injury was to one American, who was slightly injured by a sentry with a bayonet. Seth Warner marched a detachment up the lake shore and captured nearby Fort Crown Point, garrisoned by only nine men.

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Arnold took a small schooner and several bateaux from Skenesboro north with 50 volunteers. On May 18, they seized another garrison at Fort St. Johns along with the Enterprise, a seventy ton sloop. Ethan Allen and his men returned home. Benedict Arnold remained with some Connecticut replacements in command at Ticonderoga.

At first the Continental Congress wanted the men and forts returned to the British, but on May 31 they bowed to pressure from Massachusetts and Connecticut and agreed to keep them. Connecticut sent a regiment under Colonel Benjamin Hinman to hold Ticonderoga. When Arnold learned that he was second to Hinman, he resigned his Connecticut commission and went home. Although Fort Ticonderoga was no longer an important military post, its capture had several important results.

Because rebel control of the area meant that overland communications and supply lines between British forces in Quebec and Boston were severed, British war planners in London made an adjustment to their command structure. Command of British forces in North America, previously under a single commander, was divided into two commands. In this war, however, cooperation between the two forces would prove to be problematic and would play a role in the failure of the Saratoga campaign in Boston, being on a peninsula, was largely protected from close approach by the expanses of water surrounding it, dominated by British warships.

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American Revolution/Ticonderoga and Bunker Hill

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