Works of Henry Howard

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Explore over 4, video courses. Find a degree that fits your goals. Try it risk-free for 30 days. Joshua Wimmer Joshua holds a master's degree in Latin and has taught a variety of Classical literature and language courses. Add to Add to Add to. Want to watch this again later? You might know the sonnets and plays of William Shakespeare, but you've probably never heard of Henry Howard.

The Works of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey ()

Keep reading to learn more about this ill-fated poet and his work that paved the way for some of the best-known poetry in the English language! Creating the First English Sonnet When many of us think of sonnets, the first name that probably comes to mind is Shakespeare's. Howard's Sonnets Many readers found Howard's earlier versions of the English sonnet to be inferior to Shakespeare's, which debuted not too long after Henry's death and soon eclipsed their predecessors. Other Poems by Howard In addition to the earliest sonnets in English, Howard helped revolutionize the language's poetry even further with other poems just like these!

Try it risk-free No obligation, cancel anytime. Want to learn more? Select a subject to preview related courses: Lesson Summary Though widely popularized and known as the 'Shakespearean' sonnet, this form of the English sonnet was originally developed by Henry Howard. Register to view this lesson Are you a student or a teacher? I am a student I am a teacher. Unlock Your Education See for yourself why 30 million people use Study.

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You are viewing lesson Lesson 28 in chapter 4 of the course:. Tutoring Solution Technical Writing: Homeschool Curriculum 9th Grade English: Surrey was the first to develop the sonnet form used by William Shakespeare. In his other short poems he wrote not only on the usual early Tudor themes of love and death but also of life in London , of friendship, and of youth. We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval.

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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Learn More in these related Britannica articles: The period of the Renaissance also saw the refinement of a host of lyric and song forms; the rapid development of English music during the second half of the 16th….

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey , introduced the metre, along with the sonnet and other Italian humanist verse forms, to England in the early 16th century. Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton used blank verse for the first English tragic drama, Gorboduc first performed , and Christopher Marlowe developed its musical…. Norfolk remained in prison during the reign of the Protestant king Edward VI reigned —53 ; in August , following the accession…. The transition from medieval to Renaissance use of blank verse In blank verse In prosody: In February he was directed to entertain one of the emperor's generals, the Duke de Najera, on a visit to England.

He was then occupying himself in building a sumptuous house, Mount Surrey, near Norwich, on the site of the Benedictine priory of St. Leonards, and there, or at his father's house at Lambeth, Hadrianus Junius resided with him as tutor to his sons, and Thomas Churchyard the poet as a page. Mount Surrey was destroyed in the Norfolk insurrection of cf.

Blomefield , Norfolk , iv. In June he was appointed marshal of the army which was despatched to besiege Montreuil. The vanguard was commanded by Norfolk, Surrey's father, who wrote home enthusiastically of his son's bravery. Surrey was wounded in a futile attempt to storm Montreuil, and his life was only saved by the exertions of his friend Thomas Clere. When the siege was raised a few days later, Surrey removed to Boulogne, which Henry VIII had just captured in person, and seems to have returned to England with his father in December.

George's day he attended a chapter of the Garter at St. James's Palace, and in July he was at Kenninghall.

In August Surrey was sent in command of five thousand men to Calais. Surrey actively superintended many skirmishes near Boulogne, but he was reprimanded by Henry 6 Nov. In December he paid a short visit to London to consult with the king in council. In January the French marched from Montreuil with the intention of revictualling a fortress in the neighbourhood of Boulogne.

Surrey intercepted them at St. Etienne; a battle followed, and the English forces were defeated. In his despatch to the king, Surrey fully acknowledged his defeat, and Henry sent a considerate reply 18 Jan. Early in March his request that his wife might join him at Boulogne was refused, on the ground that 'trouble and disquietness unmeet for woman's imbecillities' were approaching.

Howard, Henry (1517?-1547) (DNB00)

Surrey and Hertford had long been pronounced enemies, and Hertford's appointment to Boulogne destroyed all hope of reconciliation. Negotiations which proved fruitless were pending at the time for the marriage of Surrey's sister, the widowed duchess of Richmond, to Hertford's brother, Sir Thomas Seymour.

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Surrey sarcastically denounced the scheme as a farce, and he indignantly scouted his father's suggestion that his own infant children might be united in marriage with members of Hertford's family. On 14 July Surrey complained to Paget that two of his servants, whom he had appointed to minor posts at Boulogne, had been discharged, and that false reports were abroad that he had personally profited by their emoluments.

In August he took part in the reception at Hampton Court of ambassadors from France. In December Henry was known to be dying, and speculation was rife at court as to who should be selected by the king to fill the post of protector or regent during the minority of Prince Edward. The choice was admitted to lie between Surrey's father and Hertford.

Surrey loudly asserted that his father alone was entitled to the office. Not only the Seymours and their dependents, but William, lord Grey of Wilton, whom he had superseded at Boulogne, his sister, and many early friends whom his vanity had offended, all regarded him at the moment with bitter hostility. In December facts were brought by Sir Richard Southwell, an officer of the court at one time on good terms with Surrey, to the notice of the privy council, which gave his foes an opportunity of attack. Before going to Boulogne Surrey had discussed with Sir Christopher Barker, then Richmond Herald, his right to include among his numerous quarterings the arms of Edward the Confessor, which Richard II had permitted his ancestor, Thomas Mowbray, duke of Norfolk, to bear.

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The College of Arms, it was stated, forbade the proposed alteration, but Surrey, in his anxiety to prove the superiority of his own ancestry to that of the Seymours or any of the new nobility, caused the inhibited change in his arms to be made on 7 Oct. Moreover, by virtue of his descent from Thomas of Brotherton, son of Edward I, Surrey, like all the Howards, and like many other noblemen who claimed royal descent, was entitled to quarter the royal arms. Hertford and his adherents affected to construe Surrey's adoption of new arms into evidence of the existence of a treasonable design.

They declared, although there is no extant proof of the allegation, that Edward the Confessor's arms had always been borne exclusively by the heir-apparent to the crown, and that Surrey's action amounted to a design to endanger Prince Edward's succession and to divert the crown into his own hands.

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey

Norfolk, it must be remembered, had, before Prince Edward's birth, been mentioned as a possible heir to the throne. The council at first merely summoned Surrey from Kenninghall to confront Southwell, his accuser. The earl passionately offered to fight Southwell 2 Dec. Other charges were soon brought before the council by Surrey's personal enemies.

Untimely Demise: The Execution of Henry Howard

Another accuser declared that Surrey affected foreign dress and manners, and employed an Italian jester. The council took these trivial matters seriously, and on 12 Dec. Surrey and his father were arrested and sent to the Tower. Commissioners were sent on the same day to Kenninghall to examine the Duchess of Richmond and Elizabeth Holland, the duke's mistress.

Much that they said was in Norfolk's favour, but the duchess recklessly corroborated the charges against her brother, asserting in the course of her examination that Surrey rigidly adhered to the old religion. Soon after Surrey's arrest Henry VIII himself drew up, with the aid of Chancellor Wriothesley, a paper setting forth the allegations made against him, and he there assumed, despite the absence of any evidence, that Surrey had definitely resolved to set Prince Edward aside, when the throne was vacant, in his own favour.

No testimony of any legal value was produced beyond the evidence respecting the change in his arms.