Der Außenpolitiker Hermann Müller 1919-20 (German Edition)

Both of these spending increases reflected Hindenburg's concerns. In the summer of , Hindenburg complained in a letter to his daughter: There were clear signs of tension throughout the meeting as it became evident to everyone present that both men took an immediate dislike to each other. Afterwards, Hindenburg often disparagingly referred to Hitler in private variously as "that Austrian corporal", "that Bohemian corporal" or sometimes just simply as "the corporal".

Until January , Hindenburg often stated that he would never appoint Hitler as chancellor under any circumstances. On 26 January , Hindenburg privately told a group of his friends: By January , at the age of 84, Hindenburg was uncertain if he wanted a second term or not. Despite rumors of senility his mind remained sharp and lucid right up until his death. It was not I Despite all the blows in the neck I have taken, I will not abandon my efforts for a healthy move to the Right".

The only way this was possible was for the Reichstag to vote to cancel the election with a two-thirds supermajority. Since the Nazi Party was the second-largest political party, their co-operation was vital if this was to be done. Surprisingly, Hitler supported the measure, but with one major condition: I recall the spirit of , and the mood at the front, which asked about the man, and not about his class or party". In the first round of the German presidential election of , held in March, Hindenburg emerged as the frontrunner, but failed to gain a majority.

Much to Schleicher's annoyance, Papen quickly replaced him as Hindenburg's favorite advisor. In accordance with Schleicher's "gentleman's agreement", Hindenburg dissolved the Reichstag and set new elections for July Schleicher and Papen both believed that the Nazis would win the majority of the seats and would support Papen's government.

Following the Nazi electoral triumph in the Reichstag elections held on 31 July , there were widespread expectations that Hitler would soon be appointed Chancellor. Moreover, Hitler repudiated the "gentleman's agreement" and declared that he wanted the Chancellorship for himself. In a meeting between Hindenburg and Hitler held on 13 August , in Berlin, Hindenburg firmly rejected Hitler's demands for the chancellorship.

According to the minutes,. The Reich President in reply said firmly that he must answer this demand with a clear, unyielding "No". He could not justify before God, before his conscience, or before the Fatherland the transfer of the whole authority of government to a single party, especially to a party that was biased against people who had different views from their own.

There were a number of other reasons against it, upon which he did not wish to enlarge in detail, such as fear of increased unrest, the effect on foreign countries, etc. After refusing Hitler's demands for the chancellorship, Hindenburg had a press release issued about his meeting with Hitler that implied that Hitler had demanded absolute power and had his knuckles rapped by the president for making such a demand.

Hitler was enraged by this press release. However, given Hitler's determination to take power lawfully, Hindenburg's refusal to appoint him as chancellor was a quandary for Hitler.

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When the Reichstag convened in September , its only act was to pass a massive vote of no-confidence in Papen's government. In response, Papen had Hindenburg dissolve the Reichstag for elections in November The second Reichstag elections saw the Nazi vote drop from 37 percent to 33 percent, though the Nazis once again remained the largest party in the Reichstag. After the November elections, there ensued another round of fruitless talks between Hindenburg, Papen, Schleicher on the one hand, and Hitler and the other Nazi leaders on the other.

The president and chancellor wanted Nazi support for the "Government of the President's Friends"; at most, they were prepared to offer Hitler the meaningless office of vice-chancellor. On 24 November , during the course of another Hitler—Hindenburg meeting, Hindenburg stated his fears that "a presidential cabinet led by Hitler would necessarily develop into a party dictatorship with all its consequences for an extreme aggravation of the conflicts within the German people".

Hitler, for his part, remained adamant that Hindenburg give him the chancellorship and nothing else. These demands were incompatible and unacceptable to both sides and the political stalemate continued.

To break the stalemate, Papen proposed that Hindenburg declare martial law and do away with democracy, effecting a presidential coup. Papen won over Hindenburg's son Oskar with this idea, and the two persuaded Hindenburg for once to forgo his oath to the constitution and to go along with this plan. Whether this was the honest result of a war games exercise or just a fabrication by Schleicher to force Papen out of office is a matter of some historical debate.

The opinion of most leans towards the latter, for in January Schleicher would tell Hindenburg that new war games had shown that the Reichswehr would crush both the Sturmabteilung and the Red Front Fighters and defend the eastern borders of Germany from a Polish invasion. The results of the war games forced Papen to resign in December in favor of Schleicher.

Hermann Müller (politician)

Hindenburg was most upset at losing his favorite chancellor. Suspecting that the war games were faked to force Papen out, he came to bear a grudge against Schleicher. Hindenburg took the loss of Papen very badly, writing him a letter saying he wanted Papen to stay on as Chancellor and gave a him the gift of an autographed photo of himself together with lines from a popular World War I song "Once I had a comrade", which was the first time Hindenburg had ever give any sort of gift to the men who had served as Chancellor. Papen, for his part, was determined to get back into office, and on 4 January he met Hitler to discuss how they could bring down Schleicher's government, though the talks were inconclusive largely because Papen and Hitler each coveted the chancellorship for himself.

However, Papen and Hitler agreed to keep talking. Ultimately, Papen came to believe that he could control Hitler from behind the scenes and decided to support him as the new chancellor. On 11 January , the Junker -dominated Agricultural League issued a blistering statement attacking the Schleicher government for its refusal to raise agricultural tariffs, claiming that Schleicher was "the tool of the almighty money-bag interests of internationally oriented export industry and its satellites" and accused him of "an indifference to the impoverishment of agriculture beyond the capacity of even a purely Marxist regime".

Papen had in the meantime, had persuaded the younger Hindenburg of the merits of his plan, and the three then spent the second half of January pressuring Hindenburg into naming Hitler as chancellor. Hindenburg loathed the idea of Hitler as chancellor and preferred that Papen hold that office instead.

On January 26, , Hindenburg told a group of his friends: After Schleicher as well despaired of his efforts to get hold of the situation, Hindenburg accepted his resignation with the words, "Thanks, General, for everything you have done for the Fatherland. Now let's have a look at which way, with God's help, the cat will keep on jumping. Hindenburg played the key role in the Nazi Machtergreifung Seizure of Power in by appointing Hitler chancellor of a "Government of National Concentration", even though the Nazis were in the minority in cabinet.

This had the effect of assuring Hindenburg that the room for radical moves on the part of the Nazis was limited.

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Moreover, Hindenburg's favorite politician, Papen, was Vice Chancellor of the Reich and Minister-President of Prussia, and Hindenburg agreed not to hold any meetings with Hitler unless Papen was present as well. Hitler's first act as chancellor was to ask Hindenburg to dissolve the Reichstag , so that the Nazis and DNVP could win an outright majority to pass the Enabling Act that would give the new government power to rule by degree, supposedly for the next four years. Unlike laws passed by Article 48, which could be cancelled by a majority in the Reichstag , under the Enabling Act the Chancellor could pass laws by degree that could not be cancelled by a vote in the Reichstag.

Hindenburg agreed to this request. In early February , Papen asked for and received an Article 48 bill signed into law that sharply limited freedom of the press. After the Reichstag fire on 27 February, Hindenburg, at Hitler's urging, signed into law the Reichstag Fire Decree via Article 48, which effectively suspended all civil liberties in Germany.

The socialists served in the trenches and will serve in the trenches again. They voted for the banner of Hindenburg I know many socialists who have earned acclaim for their service to Germany; I need only mention the name of Ebert". At the opening of the new Reichstag on 21 March , at the Garrison Church in Potsdam , [] the Nazis staged an elaborate ceremony in which Hindenburg played the leading part, appearing alongside Hitler during an event orchestrated to mark the continuity between the old Prussian-German tradition and the new Nazi state.

He said, in part, "May the old spirit of this celebrated shrine permeate the generation of today, may it liberate us from selfishness and party strife and bring us together in national self-consciousness to bless a proud and free Germany, united in herself. On 23 March , Hindenburg signed the Enabling Act of into law, which gave decrees issued by the cabinet in effect, Hitler the force of law.

During and , Hitler was very aware of the fact that Hindenburg, as President and supreme commander of the armed forces, was now the only check on his power. With the passage of the Enabling Act and the banning of all parties other than the Nazis, Hindenburg's power to dismiss Hitler from office was effectively the only remedy by which he could be legally dismissed.

Given that Hindenburg was still a popular war hero and a revered figure in the " Reichswehr " , there was little doubt that the Reichswehr would side with Hindenburg if he ever decided to sack Hitler. Thus, as long as Hindenburg was alive, Hitler was always very careful to avoid offending him or the Army. Although Hindenburg was in increasingly bad health, the Nazis made sure that whenever Hindenburg did appear in public it was in Hitler's company. During these appearances, Hitler always made a point of showing him the utmost respect and deference.

However, in private, Hitler continued to detest Hindenburg, and expressed his hope that "the old reactionary" would hurry up and die as soon as possible. The only time that Hindenburg ever objected to a Nazi bill occurred in early April , when the Reichstag passed a Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service that called for the immediate dismissal of all Jewish civil servants at the Reich , Land , and municipal levels. Hindenburg resented this bill in case it was not amended to exclude all Jewish veterans of World War I, Jewish civil servants who served in the civil service during the war and those Jewish civil servants whose fathers were veterans.

Hitler amended the bill to meet Hindenburg's objections. During the summer of , Hindenburg grew increasingly alarmed at Nazi excesses. With his support, Papen gave a speech at the University of Marburg on 17 June calling for an end to state terror and the restoration of some freedoms. When Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels got wind of it, he not only barred its broadcast, but ordered the seizure of newspapers in which part of the text was printed. A furious Papen immediately notified Hindenburg, who told Blomberg to give Hitler an ultimatum; unless Hitler took steps to end the growing tension in Germany, he would dismiss Hitler and turn the government over to the army.

Not long afterward, Hitler carried out the Night of the Long Knives , for which he received the personal thanks of Hindenburg. Hindenburg remained in office until his death at the age of 86 from lung cancer at his home in Neudeck , East Prussia , on 2 August On August 1, Hitler had got word that Hindenburg was on his deathbed. This action effectively removed all institutional checks and balances on Hitler's power.

Hitler had made plans almost as soon as he took complete power to seize the powers of the president for himself as soon as Hindenburg died. He had known as early as the spring of that Hindenburg would likely not survive the year and had been working feverishly to get the armed forces—the only group in Germany that was nearly powerful enough to remove him with Hindenburg gone—to support his bid to become Hindenburg's successor. Indeed, he had agreed to suppress the SA in return for the Army's support. Hitler had a plebiscite held on 19 August , in which the German people were asked if they approved of Hitler merging the two offices.

In taking over the president's powers for himself without calling for a new election, Hitler technically violated the Enabling Act. While the Enabling Act allowed Hitler to pass laws that contravened the Weimar Constitution, it specifically forbade him from interfering with the powers of the president. Moreover, the Weimar Constitution had been amended in to make the president of the High Court of Justice, not the chancellor, acting president pending a new election.

However, Hitler had become law unto himself by this time, and no one dared object. Hindenburg himself was said to be a monarchist who favored a restoration of the German monarchy. Though he hoped one of the Prussian princes would be appointed to succeed him as head of state, he did not attempt to use his powers in favour of such a restoration, as he considered himself bound by the oath he had sworn on the Weimar Constitution.

At the Nuremberg trials , it was alleged by Franz von Papen in and Baron Gunther von Tschirschky that Hindenburg's "political testament" asked for Hitler to restore the monarchy. However, the truth of this story cannot be established because Oskar von Hindenburg destroyed the portions of his father's will relating to politics. Hitler ordered his architect, Albert Speer , to take care of the background for the funeral ceremony at the Tannenberg Memorial in East Prussia. As Speer later recalled: Decorations were limited to banners of black crepe hung from the high towers that framed the inner courtyard On the eve of the funeral the coffin was brought on a gun carriage from Neudeck, Hindenburg's East Prussian estate, to one of the towers of the monument.

Torchbearers and the traditional flags of German regiments of the First World War accompanied it; not a single word was spoken, not a command given. This reverential silence was more impressive than the organized ceremonial of the following days. Hindenburg's remains were moved six times in the 12 years following his initial interment.

This was against the wishes he had expressed during his life: The following year, Hindenburg's remains were temporarily disinterred, along with the bodies of 20 unknown German soldiers buried at the Tannenberg Memorial, to allow the building of his new crypt there which required lowering the entire plaza 8 feet 2. Hindenburg's bronze coffin was placed in the crypt on 2 October the anniversary of his birthday , along with the coffin bearing his wife, which was moved from the family plot.

In January , as Soviet forces advanced into East Prussia, Hitler ordered both coffins to be disinterred for their safety. The four coffins were hastily marked of their contents using red crayon, and interred behind a 6-foot-thick 1. Three weeks later, on 27 April , the coffins were discovered by U. Army Ordnance troops after tunneling through the wall. All were subsequently moved to the basement of the heavily guarded Marburg Castle in Marburg an der Lahn , Germany, a collection point for recovered Nazi plunder.

Army, in a secret project dubbed "Operation Bodysnatch", had many difficulties in determining the final resting places for the four famous Germans. Sixteen months after the salt mine discovery, in August , the remains of Hindenburg and his wife were finally laid to rest by the American army at St.

Early years

Elizabeth's , a 13th-century church built by the Teutonic Knights in Marburg , Hesse, where they remain today. A colossal statue of Hindenburg, erected at Hohenstein now Olsztynek , Poland in honor of his defeat of the Russians was demolished by the Germans in to prevent its desecration by the advancing Soviet Army. The famed zeppelin Hindenburg that was destroyed by fire in was named in his honor, as was the Hindenburgdamm , a causeway joining the island of Sylt to mainland Schleswig-Holstein that was built during his time in office.

The previously Upper Silesian town of Zabrze German: The Hindenburg Range in New Guinea, which includes perhaps one of the world's largest cliff, the Hindenburg Wall, also bears his name. Historian Christopher Clark has criticized Hindenburg in his role as head of state for:. And then, having publicly declared that he would never consent to appoint Hitler to any post…levered the Nazi leader into the German Chancellery in January But he was not, in truth, a man of tradition…As a military commander and later as Germany's head of state, Hindenburg broke virtually every bond he entered into.

He was not the man of dogged, faithful service, but the man of image, manipulation and betrayal. Paul von Hindenburg Paul von Hindenburg. Paul von Hindenburg as a cadet in Wahlstatt Generalfeldmarschall Hindenburg in As usual in his wartime photos, Hindenburg holds the baton of a Prussian Field Marshal in his right hand.

Hindenburg and Ludendorff , Be a good brother and tell me where you plan to go: During the election, second cycle. Crowds in front of Hindenburg's villa in Hanover on 12 May President Hindenburg as painted by Max Liebermann. Election poster for Hindenburg in translation: Hindenburg, aged 84, at a radio microphone in during the election campaign in which he defeated Hitler.

Hindenburg's original burial at the Tannenberg Memorial. Hitler is speaking at the lectern. Potomac Books, page 3. Potomac Books, pages 3—4. Potomac Books, page 4. Potomac Books, page 5. Potomac Books, page 6. Potomac Books, page 7. Potomac Books, pages 7—8. Osprey, page Potomac Books, page 8.

Potomac Books, page Potomac Books, pages 9— Potomac Books, pages 17— Berghahn Books, page Potomac Books, pages 20— Potomac Books, pages 22— Berghahn Books, pages 36— Potomac Books, pages 26— Potomac Books, pages 32— The Price of Glory: Civilians in the Path of War. Studies in War, Society, and the Military. University of Nebraska Press. Potomac Books, pages 36— A dictionary of military history and the art of war.

Potomac Books, pages 47— Potomac Books, pages 41— Potomac Books, pages 46— Potomac Books, pages 55— Potomac Books, pages 72— Macmillan page Macmillan pages 51— Macmillan pages 57— Princeton University Press, page Princeton University Press, pages 51— Princeton University Press, pages 44— Princeton University Press, pages 46— Princeton University Press, pages 54— Berghahn Books, pages 39— The Great War and Medieval Memory: War, Remembrance and Medievalism in Britain and Germany, — Addison-Wesley, page Brandeis University Press, page 3.

Brandeis University Press, page 5. Brandeis University Press, page 4. He was critical of the Soviet Union 's authoritarian system of government, its revolutionary goals and its support for the radical left in Germany. However, he opposed a blockade of the Soviet Union by the western Allies. He viewed the Treaty of Rapallo as a true peace treaty, but one that only had meaning within the context of a successful diplomatic policy towards the western powers, not as an alternative to it.

This led to confrontations with the "bourgeois" parties. However, differences in economic and social policies strained relations between the SPD and the other members of the coalition. The goal was to supply a Reichstag majority to the foreign policy that the Social Democrats thought was right. Although they were in the opposition, the SPD supported a policy of reconciliation with the western powers as exemplified by the Locarno Treaties and entry to the League of Nations.

In late , another "Grand Coalition" seemed likely, but was scuppered by intrigues from inside the Defence Ministry and by the right wing of the DVP. However, the other parties proved reluctant to compromise and it took a personal intervention by Stresemann for a government to be formed on 28 June Relations between the parties were strained by the arguments over Panzerkreuzer A construction of a battleship , during which the SPD forced its ministers to vote against the allocation of funds to the project in the Reichstag although they had endorsed it in cabinet meetings.

In addition, the Ruhreisenstreit was a bone of contention, as the DVP refused to provide financial support even to those only indirectly affected by the strike. Financing the budget and the external liabilities of the Reich was a huge problem, and an agreement was only possible by counting on negotiating more lenient conditions with the Allies. By January , the government had succeeded in negotiating a reduction in reparation payments the Young Plan signed in August and a promise by the Allies to completely remove the occupation forces from the Rhineland by May German-Soviet relations also reached a nadir, as the Soviet government blamed the cabinet for violence between communist demonstrators and the police in Berlin in May At that point, the bourgeois parties were looking for ways to end the coalition with the SPD.

There were attempts to stop the Young Plan via a referendum and the coalition parties disagreed on the issue of unemployment insurance. The coalition finally fell apart in a disagreement about budgetary issues. After the onset of the Great Depression , the unemployment insurance required an injection of taxpayer money by the Reich, but the parties could not agree on how to raise the funds. In , nationwide state-controlled unemployment insurance was established, [16] and midwives and people in the music profession became compulsorily insured under a pension scheme for non-manual workers in He died in Berlin and is buried there at the Zentralfriedhof Friedrichsfelde.

They had one daughter, Annemarie, in However, Tockus died several weeks later, due to complications from the pregnancy. He remarried in , and the following year his daughter Erika was born. He sat for the two required State Examinations in Law, the first in , and the second in In , he was elected chairman of the CDU in Saarland.

Of the various family coats of arms that exist, many incorporate milling iconography, such as windmills or watermill wheels. In he gained his PhD under Sigmund von Riezler, with a thesis entitled Bavaria in the year and the appointment of Prince Hohenlohe. During his four terms, he worked for restoration of the town's framework houses, creation of a pedestrian area, building of a hall as a cultural centre and construction of bypass roads.

In , he won the festival Hessentag for Idstein, improving the infrastructure further. From , he was president of the CDU fraction. From to , he also worked as a member of the Vertreterversammlung der Planungsgemeinschaft Rhein-Main-Taunus, a planning assembly of the region. From , he was member of the Kreistag of the new Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis.

From to , he was Erster Stadtrat of Limburg an der Lahn. Muller is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: In this position, his calls in favour of capital punishment for drug dealers caused significant controversy.

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He served on the committees for foreign and defense policy and was the spokesman on Europe, foreign, and development policy for the CSU group. For a topical list, see Outline of Germany Topics related to Germany sorted alphabetically include: He headed up the Central Committee's important Cadre personnel and training department between and His father made cigarettes.

He left school and started on a commercial training in The war ended in May During this time he joined an Anti-Fascist circle at the Nizhny Tagil detention camp, and wa Personal life Hermann Lindt studied law in Bern. He married Sophie Diestel in Political career He worked as a lawyer in Bern from to In he was chosen member of the Council of Bern for the Conservative Party, he held this office until In that same year, he became alderman of Urban Construction Baudirektor and since alderman of Public Works Tiefbaudirektor.

He died in office on 21 October Besides his work as a politician Hermann Lindt was also vice president and later chairman of the board of directors of the Bern Hypothekark Look up Hermann in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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Hermann or Herrmann is the German origin of the given name Herman. People with the name include: The cabinet was based on the same three centre-left parties as the previous one: It was formed in March after the resignation of the Cabinet Bauer. In , he started working as a public servant in Hamburg.

After being awarded a Dr. The Chinese ambassador in Berlin is the official representative of the government in Beijing to the government of Germany. Robert Schmidt 15 May — 16 September was a German trade unionist, journalist, politician and member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

Life Robert Schmidt was born in Berlin on 15 May He was apprenticed as a piano builder and from to was a member of the board of the association of piano builders of Berlin. In , he was a member of the Generalkommission of German trade unions and from to was head of the Zentral-Arbeitersekretariat.

He also worked as a trainee lawyer at a local court in Cologne He has been a licensed lawyer since He subsequently served on the Committee on Foreign Affairs from until In the negotiations to form a coalition government following the fede Events in the year in Germany. Date unknown - Max Giese invented the concrete pump. A list of notable politicians of the German Centre Party: In Moscow exile he had the code name Herzen English: Remmele attended elementary school in Ludwigshafen and then trained as an iron turner. After a period as an itinerant labourerer, he worked until the war broke out in in the profession for which he had trained.

In the years to he was honorary representative and board member of the union in the Mannheim, Darmstadt and Offenbach am Main. Besides Remmele was working volunteer for some Social Democratic papers as an author. From From Frank attempted to enlist in the Austro-Hungarian Army in World War I, but he was rejected due to blindness in his right eye. Eberhard is an old Germanic name meaning the strength or courage of a wild boar. Hermann Strathmann 30 August — 19 November was a German theologian and politician.

His father was a Lutheran pastor. He attended school locally till he was nearly 12, after which he received a Gymnasium academic school level education through private tutoring. Between and he attended the Royal Prussian district school at Schulpforte today subsumed into Naumburg. After two years at the Bodelschwingschen Institute at Bielefeld he received his doctorate from Bonn University in for a piece of work on Calvin's later doctrine of repentance.

In this capacity, he led the German delegation at the Paris Peace Conference but resigned over the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. Ulrich had a twin brother, Ernst Graf zu Rantzau — who later became a Geheimer Regierungsrat. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in He then served as a chaplain of 3 parishes. Norden East Frisian Low Saxon: It is situated on the North Sea shore, in East Frisia. In addition to the old town centre, the main town includes the former municipality of Sandbauerschaft and the subdistricts Ekel, Lintel and Westgaste.

They are divided into various quarters and residential areas such as Neustadt, Westlintel, Ostlintel, Ekelergaste, In der Wirde, Vierzig Diemat, Martensdorf, or "millionaire quarter". They have in common that they do not have any administrative function, but are places ref Date unknown - The first electric drip brew coffeemaker is patented in Germany and named the Wigomat after its inventor Gottlob Widmann.

A prominent figure in the literary world of Weimar Germany, he influenced contemporaries including playwright Bertolt Brecht. Feuchtwanger's Judaism and fierce criticism of the Nazi Party, years before it assumed power, ensured that he would be a target of government-sponsored persecution after Adolf Hitler's appointment as chancellor of Germany in January Following a brief period of internment in France and a harrowing escape from Continental Europe, he found asylum in the United States, where he died in Ancestry Feuchtwanger's Jewish ancestors originated from the Middle Franconian city of Feuchtwangen; following a pogrom in , it had expelled all its resident Jews.

One of the founders and later chairman — of the liberal German Democratic Party, he served as Minister of the Interior — , Vice Chancellor of Germany and Minister of Justice — He had four sons and one daughters from his first marriage and two sons from his second marriage. Freemen The municipality Salach has awarded the following persons to freeman: Oskar Moritz, managing director April 21, Karl Leicht, pastor November 2, Siegfried Schell, retired mayor June 28, Henri Coulin, retired mayor December 5, He served as head of government for a total of days.

Prior to becoming head of government, Bauer had been Minister of Labour in the first democratically elected German cabinet. After his cabinet resigned in March , Bauer served as vice-chancellor, Minister of Transportation, and Minister of the Treasury in other cabinets of the Weimar Republic. Hermann Axen 6 March — 15 February was a German political activist who became involved in political resistance during the twelve Nazi years, most of which he spent in state detention.

He served as a relatively high-profile member of the powerful Politburo of the Central Committee between and While he was away the entire Politburo of which he was a member, resigned in 8 November , and he too was excluded from it. On his return in January he was arrested, suspected of corruption and abuse of public office. This dramatic reversal of fortune came during a period of rapid political change. At the time of his death the arrest warrant had been rescinded and the case against him remained unproven, the necessary investigations having been delayed or suspended in response to his d Leader of the Hitler Youth from , through war's end in Life Early life Handke and his mother a Carinthian Slovene whose suicide in is the subject of Handke's A Sorrow Beyond Dreams, a reflection on her life lived in the Soviet-occupied Pankow district of Berlin from to before resettling in Griffen.

According to some of his biographers, his stepfather Bruno's alcoholism and the limited cultural life of the small town contributed to Handke's antipathy to habit and restrictiveness. Here, he published his first writing in the school newspaper, Fackel. In , he moved to Klagenfurt, where he went to high school, and in , he commenced law studies at the University of Graz.

The park was opened in , after the secularisation and clearance, under the then East German regime, of the Neuer Johannisfriedhof "New St. John's Cemetery" , which is what the space used to be, and its thorough reconstruction. Neuer Johannisfriedhof The cemetery entrance in about Mausoleum of the von Limburger family, Neuer Johannisfriedhof, The site of the Friedenspark used to be occupied by the Neuer Johannisfriedhof, which was opened as the second city cemetery of Leipzig in , after it had proved impossible to enlarge the old cemetery, the Alter Johannisfriedhof, any further.

The designs for the chapel and mortuary, built between and , were by Hu Bendorf is a town in the district of Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine, approx. Structure of the town The town consists of the following districts: The ores of the Bendorfer mine works came from the Trierischer Loh iron-ore mine.

The Rhine port of Bendorf dates from In addition to handling clay and basalt it has the largest oil-storage facilities between Mainz and Cologne. Today the former industrial city is home to many retail stores. Bendorf Focus is an association of traders, the aim of which is to improve the local economy.

Zeitz was a small industrial town in the south of Prussia today near the southern tip of Saxony-Anhalt. In he progressed to the Technical Academy in Magdeburg where he remained till Schulze is a common German family name, from the medieval office of Schulze, or village official. Geographical distribution As of , In Germany, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average in the following states: Karl Kraus April 28, — June 12, [1] was an Austrian writer and journalist, known as a satirist, essayist, aphorist, playwright and poet.

He directed his satire at the press, German culture, and German and Austrian politics. The family moved to Vienna in His mother died in