Extra Time

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Mon, Dec 03 'It's a huge step for women's football' - Ada Hegerberg makes history as first female winner of the Ballon d'Or. Watch Wed, Dec 12 Watch: Sun, Dec 09 Watch: It follows a short break where players remain on or around the field of play and comprises two straight minute periods, with teams changing ends in between. Although Laws of the Game states that extra time is one of the approved methods on deciding winner, competitions are not bound to adopting extra time, and each competition are free to choose any one or more methods designated in Laws of the Game on deciding winner.

In a one-off tie or deciding replay, level scores nearly always go to extra time. In games played over two legs such as the UEFA Champions League or FIFA World Cup qualification or even at lower levels such as the English Football League play-offs , teams only play extra time in the second leg where the aggregate score — then normally followed by an away goals rule — has not produced a winner first.

Ties in the FA Cup used to be decided by as many replays as necessary until one produces a winner within normal time rather than have any extra time or shootouts though, nowadays, replays are limited to just the one with the second going to extra time if teams are still level. Today, it uses extra time only in the final match of a competition.

The score in games or ties resorting to extra time are often recorded with the abbreviation a. Ties that are still without a winner after extra time are usually broken by kicks from the penalty spot, commonly called a penalty shootout. In the late s and early s, many international matches tried to reduce this by employing the golden goal also called " sudden death " or silver goal rules the game ending if a team has the lead after the first minute period of extra time , but competitions have not retained these.

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In NCAA college soccer rules, all matches that remain tied after ninety minutes have an overtime period. A sudden death golden goal rule is applied, with the game ending as soon as an overtime goal is scored.

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If neither team scores in the two ten-minute halves, the match ends in a draw unless it is a conference or national championship tournament match. A playoff game tied after two overtime periods then moves to a penalty kick shoot-out with the winner determined by the teams alternating kicks from the penalty mark. High school rules vary depending on the state and conference, but most will have a sudden-death overtime procedure wherein the game ends upon scoring a golden goal, although in some instances the overtime will go until completion with the team in the lead after time expires i.

The overtime period length may vary, but it is commonly 10 minutes long. Depending on the state, if the game is still tied at the end of the first overtime:. The NFL introduced overtime for any divisional tiebreak games beginning in , and for championship games beginning in In the NFL adopted sudden death overtime for regular season and preseason games. If the score is tied after regulation time has expired, one additional period is played.

Until the season, the period was 15 minutes in all games. The captains meet with the officials for a coin toss, and then one side kicks off to the other, as at the start of a game. Under the original regular season format used through , whoever scored first during the extra period won the game. Additionally, during regular season games, fourth quarter timing rules were in effect throughout the period, including a two-minute warning if necessary. In the regular season, if the overtime period is completed without either side scoring, the game ends in a tie.

Because there cannot be a tie in the playoffs , the teams would switch ends of the field and start multiple minute overtime periods until one side scored, and all clock rules were as if a game had started over. Therefore, if a game was still tied with two minutes to go in the second or fourth overtime, there would be a two-minute warning but not during the first overtime period as in the regular season.

If it was still tied at the end of the second overtime, the team that lost the overtime coin toss would have the option to kick or receive, or to choose which direction to play; at the end of the fourth overtime, there is a new coin toss, and play continues.

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The longest game in all modern American professional football is 93 minutes, 33 seconds in a United States Football League playoff game, also using the true sudden death rule, in which the Los Angeles Express defeated the Michigan Panthers 27— Only 24 NFL games have ended in a tie since then. Scoreless ties were common in the early years of the NFL, but none has happened since , in part due to innovations added by Hugh "Shorty" Ray to encourage more scoring. In March , NFL owners voted to amend overtime rules for postseason games; the changes were extended to the regular season in The changes preserved sudden death with one notable exception: In postseason games, if both teams are still tied after the first overtime, the procedure is repeated until a winner is declared; in regular-season games, if the score is tied after 10 minutes, the game ends.

No postseason game went into overtime, so the first overtime game played after the implementation of this rule came in the wild-card round in Incidentally, this was also the shortest overtime in NFL history; Pittsburgh Steelers kicker Shaun Suisham kicked off and the ball went out of the back of the end zone, resulting in a touchback and no time off the clock. Tim Tebow , then with the Denver Broncos , threw an yard touchdown pass on the first play to Demaryius Thomas to give the Broncos the win in only 11 seconds.

The first time the "first possession field goal" rule was enforced occurred on 9 September , the first week of the season, in a game between the Minnesota Vikings and Jacksonville Jaguars. Minnesota's Blair Walsh kicked a yard field goal on the Vikings' first drive. When Jacksonville regained possession, they failed to gain a first down, losing possession and the game on a failed fourth-down conversion. The first overtime in which both teams scored occurred on 18 November , in a game between the Houston Texans and Jacksonville Jaguars ; the Texans won 43— The first overtime game that ended in a tie after both teams scored in overtime occurred on 24 November , when the Minnesota Vikings and Green Bay Packers played to a 26—all tie.

On 5 February , a Super Bowl went into overtime for the first time ever, with the New England Patriots defeating the Atlanta Falcons , 34—28; the Patriots scored a touchdown on their initial possession, so the Falcons never received the ball in overtime. Whoever is leading after one possession wins the game; if the teams remain tied after one possession, the game goes to sudden death.

This procedure was used by the United Football League in its inaugural season. All periods after first overtime are true sudden death periods. The short-lived World Football League , for its inaugural season the same year the NFL established sudden death in the regular season , used a fifteen-minute quarter of extra time, divided into two halves. It was not sudden death. The New York Pro Football League , a s-era league that eventually had several of its teams join the NFL, used the replay to settle ties in its playoff tournament. The replay was used in the tournament to decide the championship between the Buffalo Prospects and the Rochester Jeffersons.

The teams had played to a tie on Thanksgiving; Buffalo won the replay 20—0 to win the championship. In college since the season and high school football , as well as the Canadian Football League since the season , an overtime procedure is used to determine the winner. This method is sometimes referred to as a "Kansas Playoff", or "Kansas Plan" because of its origins for high school football in that state. A brief summary of the rules:. On two occasions, just two plays were required to determine an overtime winner in an NCAA football game: It is possible for a college game to end after a single play in overtime if the team on defense secures a turnover and returns it for a touchdown: It is also possible for the defense to get a safety on the first play of overtime which would also end the game , but this would require the offense to lose 75 yards on the play, which is extremely unlikely such a scenario is attested in regular play from scrimmage in college football but never in an overtime period.

As of , the Tennessee Volunteers have competed in the most overtime college football games, totalling The short-lived XFL used a modified Kansas Playoff, where the series would start on the yard line and have four downs to score. However, if the first team to play overtime scored a touchdown in less than four downs, the second team would have to score in just as many plays for instance, if the first team scored a touchdown on three downs, the second team would only have three downs to score a touchdown.

Neither team could kick a field goal until the fourth down a rule imposed to prevent teams from turning the overtime period into the equivalent of a penalty shootout. Although such a scenario never happened in the league's short life, the XFL rules did not explain what would happen should a turnover occur and the set of four downs end prematurely.

Rather than a coin toss, the winner of the opening scramble at the beginning of the game also got to choose to go first or second in overtime. In basketball , if the score is tied at the end of regulation play, the teams play multiple five-minute overtime periods until a winner is decided. The Women's National Basketball Association , which use a quarter-possession rule to start periods after the opening jump, also use a jump ball.

If the score remains tied after an overtime period, this procedure is repeated. As many as six overtime periods have been necessary to determine a winner in an NBA game. In exhibition games non-competitive play , it is upon the discretion of the coaches and organizers if an overtime is to be played especially if it is a non-tournament game a one-off event. Starting in the —10 season, Euroleague Basketball , the organizer of the EuroLeague and EuroCup , introduced a new rule for two-legged ties that eliminated overtime unless necessary to break a tie on aggregate. The rule was first used in the —10 EuroCup quarterfinals which consist of two-legged ties , although no game in that phase of the competition ended in a regulation draw.

One game in the qualifying rounds of that season the only phase of the EuroLeague that uses two-legged ties , specifically the second leg of the third qualifying round tie between Spirou Charleroi and ALBA Berlin , ended in a draw after regulation. No overtime was played in that game because Spirou had won the first leg, and the two-legged tie. Although other competitions use two-legged ties at various stages, the FIBA Europe competitions are the only ones known to use overtime only if the aggregate score after the second game is tied.

The definition states, "If the score is tied at the end of the first game, no extra period shall be played.

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In The Basketball Tournament , a team single-elimination tournament held each summer in the U. A target score is set at the current score of the leading team or both teams if tied plus 7 points, and the first team to reach or surpass the target wins. Ties are common in ice hockey due to the game's low-scoring nature. If the score is tied at the end of regulation play, certain leagues play overtime. When a tie needs to be broken in handball , two straight 5-minute overtimes are played.



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If the teams are still tied after that, this overtime procedure is repeated once more; a further draw will result in a penalty shootout. Baseball and softball are unique among the popular North American team sports in that they do not use a game clock. However, if the regulation number of innings are complete normally nine in baseball and seven in softball and the score is even, extra innings are played to determine a winner. Complete innings are played, so if a team scores in the top half of the inning, the other team has the chance to play the bottom half of the inning; they will win if they outscore them before their third out.

The longest professional baseball game ever played, a minor league baseball game between the Pawtucket Red Sox and the Rochester Red Wings required 33 innings and over eight hours to complete. The Red Wings had scored in the top half of the 21st inning, but Pawtucket tied the game in the bottom half, extending the game. Major League Baseball games normally end in a tie only if the game is called off due to weather conditions. In the early decades of baseball up to the s , a game could also be called off due to nightfall, but this ceased to be a problem once stadiums began installing lights in the s.

Two Major League Baseball All-Star Games have ended in a tie; the second game was called due to rain with the teams tied after the ninth inning, and the game was called after the eleventh inning after both teams had exhausted their supply of pitchers. The exceptions to this are in Nippon Professional Baseball , Chinese Professional Baseball League , and the Korea Baseball Organization , where the game cannot go beyond 12 innings in Japan Series, first 7 games only; no such limit thereafter.