Réceptions académiques (French Edition)

C oulon , Alain. D avid , Jacques. Pratiques , , D elcambre , Isabelle. D ezutter , Olivier. L ahire , Bernard. O mer , Danielle. P ollet , Marie-Christine. Pour une didactique des discours universitaires. R ey , Olivier. R inck , Fanny. Quels enjeux, quelles exigences? At last, Jacques Rohault was the son-in-law of Clerselier. This quasi-direct relationship made the philosophical inheritance of this first generation a family inheritance. The transition between private, isolated, and fragmented spheres of reception to larger circles of reception depended first on individual actions and novel collaborations 3.

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But we must underline the fact that this system of personal familiarity did not necessarily lead to a public opening-up. It could also orient itself towards a closed, private sphere by restricting itself to interpersonal exchanges. The grandeur of this philosophy would thus be all the greater for remaining underestimated, unknown, even persecuted.

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Thus, the publication work of Clerselier and Rohault was also founded on a strategy of addressing these texts in order to place them under the protection of a prince or a prelate — that is, to emerge from the familial sphere in order to enter the domestic sphere. It is good, My Lord, that we leave some mark for posterity, and that those who in the centuries to come will honor the memory of the late Monsieur Rohault who My Lors your brothers, the Marquis de Coeuvres and de Termines, along with the greatest at Court, did not in the past disdain to have as master , might know that this memory was so very dear to a Prelate of your rank, not only for having agreed that his posthumous works be published in your name; but also for having welcomed his associates to defend themselves before you, and for having recognized the joy of their innocence.

I had begun his defense, as father-in-law of the deceased, and I am obliged to share the credit with the living Beginning in the s, its diffusion was noted in spheres salons, academies, lectures, etc. The Cardinale de Retz was another protector of the Cartesian cause who deployed Descartes. In his hotel on the rue de Seine and above all in his castle near Paris, the Duke of Liancourt played the role of patron 8.

The poet Gomberville became one of his intimates. A Jansenist, he played an active part in theological debates.

Présentation

Many of those refused by the Academy of Sciences found themselves enrolled in the Academy of Bourdelot, like the physicist Jean de Hautefeuille But preventive censorship transformed the prince into a veritable intellectual arbiter who validated and certified the process of publishing knowledge. It is no coincidence to find in princely correspondence the recurrence of the Medicean model and of the Accademia del Cimento. While the first efforts obliged Cartesian philosophy to generalize little by little, calling upon local reference points and interactions between individuals, the academic institution made it possible to deal with this philosophy in public.

Early efforts made it impossible to free this philosophy from an interpersonal conception of its dissemination, while latter efforts represented a shift towards activities involving criticism, explanation, judgment and justification First, Cartesianism was integrated into noble educational practices.

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We continue to examine the questions of place and space. We read what the Principes of Descartes have to say on this subject, and what they can contribute to an understanding of the difference between the old and the new Philosophy. Sauveur that of geometry. The admirers of Descartes in France initiated a movement in order to restore the remains of the philosopher in Paris. The transport took place in and In , the monument was erected of which Terlon had written. It consisted of semi cylindrical plates with inscriptions and the top a terracotta relief said to be made after the portrait which Queen Christina had ordered to be painted.

At the banquet which followed his funeral in , magistrates are in the majority: References to Descartes circulated throughout polite social circles: When Rohault invented his glass tubes for the purpose of conducting the barometric experiments that Pascal had brought into fashion, the Marsquis de Sourdis wrote him on the subject. Cartesianism permeated the ruelles and the salon sociability of the mid-seventeenth century Descartes was thus transformed into a fictional personage who inhabited literary writings. The works of Valentin Conrart include literary games based on the philosopher.

You appear to me, illustrious and learned ghost! These selections, appended to the Relation de la mort de M. In order to fully understand the power of Cartesianism, it is necessary to consider the complex networks of local alliances, the mass of intermediaries and middle-men hidden behind Clerselier and Rohault who made it possible for Cartesian philosophy to be disseminated.

Académie française

This social network of alliances remained fragile and in danger of being disrupted at any moment. Even if the mechanism of polemics is now well-known, it might possible to sketch the European geography of this controversial reception and to assess the role of intellectual networks and powers in this diffusion. An inventory was drafted three days after his death, on the 14 th of February It was only in that these papers finally were transported to Paris.

This activity of publication was not pursued uniformly for the ensemble of Cartesian philosophy. Rather, it followed three primary paths: In , the listing of the Cartesian corpus on the Index smoothed the way for a possible correction of Cartesian philosophy. For instance, in , Lionel Jospin 's government began using the feminine noun " la ministre " to refer to a female minister, following the official practice of Canada, Belgium and Switzerland and a frequent, though until then unofficial, practice in France.

Use of either form remains highly controversial. Almost all of the prizes were created during the twentieth century, and only two prizes were awarded before The most important prize is the Grand prix de la francophonie , which was instituted in , and is funded by the governments of France, Canada, Monaco, and Morocco.

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