Das absolute Prinzip in der europäischen Philosophie (German Edition)

In consequence, natural law is taken as a replacement subject for legal philosophy instead of realised positive law, and existing legal order, so as to provide a philosophy of positive law. The only rescue in confrontation with this constellation can be a strict division in practical and theoretical legal sciences, to which we do not agree, since every theory has to be based on experience, i. By our shift in attention and inclination to the human studies, we have declared our preference for a humanistic foundation of legal culture instead to a naturalistic one the alternative being formulated by Erich Cassirer: Erkenntnis, Begriff, Kultur, , first printing Human nature is essentially mental and spiritual and, therefore, we argue decisively for a humanistic foundation of jurisprudence as an integral part of human and social sciences, as preferred also by the pragmatist movement, especially by William James and Ferdinand Scanning Scott Schiller, for instance.

Philosophie der Rechtswissenschaft, , pp. Such a perspective on jurisprudence as a human science, however, is only rarely confirmed, maybe with the exception of Theodor Viehweg Zur Geisteswissenschaftlichkeit der Rechtsdisziplin, in: Rechtsphilosophie und Rhetorische Rechtstheorie — Gesammelte kleine Schriften, ed. Studien zur Rechtsphilosophie und Rechtstheorie, vol.

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Rechtsphilosophie als Grundlagenforschung, l. The eminent social dimension of law and jurisprudence derives from the fact, that a third enters the relation of two subjects, a collective will of the community is added to the will built on the basis of the subject and his otherness. Moreover, in order to interconnect the various branches of jurisprudence, a veritable interdisciplinary approach within jurisprudence is demanded.

Any reflective thought about what makes jurisprudence scientific is equivalent to a specific philosophy of law in the sense of a philosophical theory of jurisprudence, and not merely as a methodological inspired theory philosophy is necessarily systematic, i. In other words, legal thought becomes automatically legal philosophy, as soon as it reflects its presuppositions as a philosophical science and the preconditions of its domain or outreach.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel has identified the history of philosophy equally with philosophy itself, and this insight signifies that the history of legal philosophy equals legal philosophy itself. To the least extent, any theory of legal science ultimately is equivalent to a history of legal philosophy, or in short equal to philosophy, therefore compare Maximilian Herberger: Franz Steiner, , pp.

As a primary demand for jurisprudence, system-building or coherent conceptualisation of legal notions becomes indispensable, and that means legal science turns out to be necessarily philosophical because it is inevitably systematic. This requirement also counts for the so-called Historical School of law, as it has been proposed for instance by Friedrich Carl von Savigny or by Rudolf von Ihering see Walter Wilhelm: Der juristische Systembegriff bei Rudolf von Ihering, both in: Philosophie und Rechtswissenschaft — Zum Problem ihrer Beziehungen im Studien zur Philosophie und Literatur des Vittorio Klostermann, , pp.

Paradoxically, also and even historical theories of legal order fit better to legal philosophy than they are commonly held to be able to explain. Eventually, they arrive to overcome the frequent reduction to the methodological aspects of legal techniques.

If philosophy means always expressing a will to system-building, any legal philosophy consists in a coherent master narrative, told in a certain perspective and prospective, founded in a personal understanding of selected contributions, and grounded upon an individual experience of think-acts. Merely encyclopaedical approaches, that represent the ingredients without assembling them to a comprising, comprehensive, and holistic whole, are to be refused therefore. According to Pietro Piovani there are multiple possibilities of legal experience, and jurisprudence based on experience, i.

Consequently, there is an ultimate need to declare the authors own views, to defend his personal decisions. Let us in conclusion of this general introduction briefly reconsider the framework of our attempt, or better speaking delineate the main determinants of our approach. The highly problematical issues of the classic historical law school, however, have meanwhile been identified by Klaus Luig Rudolf von Ihering und die Historische Rechtsschule, in: Recht zwischen Natur und Geschichte, Ius Commune, vol. The decision, what kind of history or historicity has to be adopted to provide a sound basis for modern legal thought has therefore to be answered just in the other sense.

Only, in the course of its reception in American legal thought, the false direction of German Historical School of law has been widespread, mutandis mutatur , for instance by the documented influence of Rudolf von Ihering on a whole generation of American legal thinkers, i. Lewellyn , and Lon L. Fuller see Robert S. Associated General Publications, , reprint Buffalo: Harvard University Press, , Seiten f.

Philosophically speaking, natural law theory refers always to the Nature, to the Absolute, to God as an everlasting, inalterable entity and, therefore, has to be characterised in an old-fashioned way as metaphysical. Maybe the best-known representative of late natural law theory is Johann Caspar Bluntschli , who aims to gain political influence by founding his claims for the organisation of public law on natural law. This attempt addresses the problem to co-ordinate ethics or moral philosophy, on the one hand, and law or jurisprudence, on the other hand see Helmut Coing: Recht und Ethik — Zum Problem ihrer Beziehung im The pretention to consider natural law as evolving, mutable and capable to adaption to new circumstances only signifies an abolishment of metaphysical foundationalism for practical reason, for individual and collective practice.

Department of Philosophy and Humanities

Natural law theories have thus lost any legitimate application. In a last attempt to reconcile natural law and modern legal and social philosophy, Wilhelm Dilthey held that the problem proposed by the natural law theory can only be solved in the context of the positive human sciences, which is an abolition of the classical question natural law theory has ever dealt with: Dilthey — Philosopher of the Human Studies, Princeton: Princeton University Press, , in German translation: Dilthey, Philosoph der Geisteswissenschaften, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, ; as well as Ilse N.

Nevertheless, even in the mid-twentieth century, Helmut Coing has argued for and against changing natural law Naturrecht als wissenschaftliches Problem, in: Franz Steiner, ; and, even worse, after the Second World War, there has been a revival of natural law theory, just with the intention to preserve the positive legal order from being perverted by positivistic legal thought. Legal positivism is a tricky and misleading issue, as it has virtually nothing to do with positivism in a scientific-philosophical sense. In the domain of legal thought, there are simply no such data and facts that could render possible any positivistic construction, and even positivism in social theory remains highly problematic due to the specific character of the artefacts of human coexistence within society.

Geschichte der deutschen Staatsrechtswissenschaft, in: Schriften zur Verfassungsgeschichte, vol. Duncker und Humblot , pp. Already by the next generation of legal thinkers, i. Mohr, , first in: Scientia, ; compare idem: Labands Staatsrecht und die deutsche Rechtswissenschaft, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2 nd ed. As a result, this doctrine has been intensely discussed and widely adopted, even if this is not always transparently declared by the adepts.

This theory of law seems to be well founded, even if it designates an often-criticised position, often without profound understanding, until recently.

Current Responsibilities

It may be even better known in Anglo-American legal thought than in European, especially in German-speaking, theory building. Nevertheless, the antithesis of Natural Law theory and positivism affects also this kind or modality of positivistic approach to law and legal order, despite its ideological-critical inclination and its option for the rule of law. Dynamic conception of Change and Development]. Immanuel Kant — Zum ewigen Frieden, in: Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft, vol. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, ; among others.

According to the Kantian critical epistemology, all science and knowledge has to be conceptualised based on legal experience. In Kantian philosophy, we also discover an entire theory of judgment as a paradigmatic nucleus for jurisprudence and legal philosophy, moreover. For the very first time, it is ascertained that in jurisprudence, legal science takes an active, creative and productive part in the recognition of law, not only by interpretation and jurisdiction, but also in the course of legislation to realise the law is equal to positivise, to codify the law.

Kants Rechtsphilosophie der Urteilskraft, in: Just another prospective that is generally omitted, consist in the concurring lecture of Kantianism, as already provided by Jakob Friedrich Fries Philosophische Rechtslehre und Kritik aller positiven Gesetzgebung, and later and even more radically by Leonard Nelson Die Rechtswissenschaft ohne Recht, ; idem: We mention these attempts because they have shown some effect on Walther Burkhardt , and great influence on Arnold Gysin , two important legal thinkers in Switzerland.

Mohr, 5 th ed. Consequently, ontology and metaphysics with their reference to being, objective reality are to be replaced by process and structure with social phenomenon as their subjects, and with scientific conceptualisation as their problematic task. Neo-Kantian inclination with its foundation of cultural sciences has produced a strong influence of hermeneutics on jurisprudence; however, it is to be reminded, that in one case the art-work serves as model for interpretation, enabling to understand disclosed artefacts, whereas in the other case, we encounter an undisclosed, open texture, and an endless changing character of the achievements of human spirit, of the outputs of spiritual life in a Hegelian sense.

In any case, the faculty of esthetical judgment instead of hermeneutical interpretation and understanding occurs in prospective: Only in the moment when legal science, jurisprudence takes an active part in the codification of legal order, in the legislation it comes accordingly to an emancipation of legal philosophy and general jurisprudence. The change in the function and task of legal science leads to the insight that jurisprudence itself must be an integral part of the system of the sources of law achieved by Eugen Huber: Max Niemeyer, ; idem: Grundlagen und Herausforderungen des deutschen Sozialstaats.

Clemens Sedmak, Grundwerte Europas: Gleichheit , Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft , pp. Reason s in Politics, Chairs: Stefan Gosepath and Rainer Forst, in: Zischen Dynamik und Ausgleich. Matthias Kaufmann, Joachim Renzikowski eds. Alessandro Pinzani, Milene Conseso Tonetto eds.

Nefipo Nefiponline , pp. Alessandro Pinzani Download ; — in Spanish: Axel Honneth zum Franz Josef Wetz, Volker Steenblock eds. Recht, Politik und Wirtschaft, Stuttgart: Barbara Buderich , pp. Akademie Verlag , pp. Helmut Meyer, Udo Vorhalt eds. Barbara Bleisch, Peter Schaber eds. Johannes Hirata, Peter Ulrich eds. Ludger Heidbrink, Alfred Hirsch eds. Raatzsch, Leipzig , Von der Unabdingbarkeit republikanischer Tugend im Alltag der Politik, in: Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften 6 , and Und wenn ja, welche Entwicklung? Entwicklung mit menschlichem Antlitz, ed. Tagungsberichte der Deutschen Welthungerhilfe e.

IBS-Materialien 37, Bielefeld , Ontologie und Ethik in Hans Jonas, in: Im Dialog mit der Zukunft, ed. Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 23, No. Voprosy filosofii 15 , ; Individual and collective identity crises, in: European philosophy of medicine and health care Vo. Clio 23 , as well as in: Hollywood and American Historical Film, ed. Wils, Paderborn , ; Serbocroatian translation in: Theoria , Ethische Prinzipien der Friedenssicherung, in: Hva er de sentrale forskjellene mellom den antikke og den moderne filosofien?

Norsk Filosofisk Tidsskrift 28 , Die Idee der Hochschule angesichts der Herausforderungen des Hochschulen der Zukunft - Erneuert oder zweite Wahl.

Norsk Filosofisk Tidsskrift 27 , ; English translation in: Belief and Metaphysics, ed. Candler, London , The Third World as a Philosophical Problem, in: Social Research 59 , as well as in: Fornet- Betancourt, Aachen , and in: Fornet- Betancourt and J. Senent, Sevilla , , and in: Natur in der Philosophie, ed. Zaczyk, Frankfurt , Versuch einer ethischen Bewertung des Kapitalismus, in: Breuninger, Ulm , ; Hungarian translation in: Heideggers Philosophie der Technik, in: Universalismus, Nationalismus und die neue Einheit der Deutschen, ed.

Prima Philosophia 4 , as well as in: Nature and Lifeworld, ed. Thomassen, Odense , ; partial Czech translation in: Filosoficky Casopis 45 , with commentary ; French translation in: Natur und Naturwissenschaft in Vicos neuer Wissenschaft vom Geist, in: Die Trennung von Natur und Geist, ed. Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 13, No. Wissenschaftsethik unter philosophischen Aspekten, ed. Breuninger, Ulm , ; Korean translation in Hegel-Yongu 6 , ; Italian translation in: Rigobello, Napoli , ; Portuguese translation in: Walter, The Hague , Recht und Geschichte bei Giambattista Vico, in: Zur Rekonstruktion der praktischen Philosophie.

Pozzo, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt , Was darf und was soll der Staat bestrafen?

Die Rechtsphilosophie des deutschen Idealismus, Schriftenreihe des Bundeskanzleramtes, Bd. Moralische Reflexion und Institutionenzerfall. Hegel-Jahrbuch , ; Spanish translation in: Etica - Discurso - Conflictividad. Homenaje a Ricardo Maliandi, edited by D.

Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 17 , Ha la filosofia ancora un compito storico?

Abstracts (II) - "Von Hegel bis heute" (Rome, December ): Suzanne Dürr | hegelpd

La Provincia di Napoli 9 , Heft , special number: Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift 61 , Anspruch und Leistung von Hegels Rechtsphilosophie, ed. Jermann, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt , ; Italian translation: Lo stato in Hegel, Napoli , 81 p. Das abstrakte Recht, ibidem, Raum, Zeit, Bewegung, in: Hegel und die Naturwissenschaften, ed. Petry, Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt , Pflanze und Tier, ibidem, Hegels Kritik an der indischen Kultur, in: Kuhlmann, Frankfurt , ; reprinted in: Zur Architektonik praktischer Vernunft — Hegel in Transformation, hg.

Vieweg, Berlin , Fichte i konec XX veka, Ufa , as well as in: Filosofskaja i sociologiceskaja mysl2 , Philosophia Naturalis 21 , Zu Platons Philosophie der Zahlen und deren mathematischer und philosophischer Bedeutung, in: Theologie und Philosophie 59 , ; English translation in: Hegel-Studien 18 , Philologus , ; English translation in: The Other Plato, ed. Nikulin, Albany , Reviews 1. Philosophische Rundschau 56 , 3. Philosophische Rundschau 56 , 4.

Searle, Mind, Oxford , in: Rinaldi, Teoria Etica, Trieste , in: Humanitas 62 , and in: Magazzino di filosofia18 , 6. Philosophisches Jahrnuch , 7. A Biography, Cambridge , in: Internationales Jahrbuch zum deutschen Idealismus 1 , 8. Wiener Jahrbuch fur Philosophie 33 , 9. Parmenide, Poema sulla natura, presentazione Reale, Saggio introduttivo e Commentario filosofico di L.

Ruggiu, Milano , in: Gnomon 72 , Comparatio 1 , Germanistik , Jaeschke, Die Religionsphilosophie Hegels, Darmstadt , in: Hegel- Studien 21 , Theologie und Philosophie 60 , Theologie und Philosophie 59 , The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, ed. Audi, Cambridge , 2. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, ed.

Greene, Princeton , 3. Global Studies Encyclopedia, ed. Gay, Moscow , abridged reprint in: Globalistika Enziklopedija, Moscow 4. Raimundus Lullus Ramon Llull , in: Metzlers Lexikon der christlichen Denker, Stuttgart , as well as in: Metzler Philosophen Lexikon, ed. Benedetto, Louisville , 5. Apel, Transformation der Philosophie, ibidem, ; Italian translation in: Volpi, Dizionario delle opere filosofiche, Milano , 6. Anonym, Peri hypsus, in: Lexikon der philosophischen Werke, ed. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of 6.

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