Ancient Tales from the Eternal East

Here are ten ancient stories from around the world and the geology that may have influenced them:.

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In the well-known story told among Christians, Jews and Muslims and in movie theaters this week , God chose to destroy the Earth with a great flood but spared one man, Noah, and his family. God covered the Earth with water, drowning everyone and everything that once roamed the land. Noah, his family and the animals on the ark survived and repopulated the planet.

Similar flood tales are told in many cultures, but there never was a global deluge.

And a global flood is one explanation for something like the discovery of fossil seashells on the side of a mountain, says Adrienne Mayor, a historian of ancient science at Stanford University. We now know, though, that plate tectonics are responsible for lifting up rocks from the ocean floor to high elevations. In ancient Greece, in the town of Delphi on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, there was a temple devoted to the god Apollo. Within a sacred chamber, a priestess called the Pythia would breathe in sweet-smelling vapors emanating from a crack in the rock.

These vapors would send her into a state of frenzy during which she would channel Apollo and speak gibberish. A priest would then turn that gibberish into prophesies. Gas was likely emanating from those fissures when the oracle was in action. But researchers have been arguing over the contents of the euphoria-causing gaseous mix. Theories include ethylene, benzene or a mix of carbon dioxide and methane. Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, wrote of a great civilization called Atlantis founded by a race of people who were half god and half human.

They lived in a utopia that held great naval power. But their home, located on islands shaped like a series of concentric circles, was destroyed in a great cataclysm. Among the contenders is Santorini in Greece. Santorini is now an archipelago, but thousands of years ago it was a single island—a volcano named Thera. Around 3, years ago, the volcano blew up in one of the biggest eruptions in human history, destroying the island, setting off tsunamis and blowing tons of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere where it lingered for years and probably caused many cold, wet summers.

Those conditions would have ruined harvests in the region and are thought to have contributed to the quick decline of the Minoans, who had dominated the Mediterranean from nearby Crete. The city of Helike in Greece has also been suggested as inspiration for Atlantis.

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The ancient metropolis was wiped off the map by an earthquake and tsunami in December of the year B. Pele came to Hawaii with her sisters and other relatives. She started in Kauai. She finally recovered his body, and they are now together. What seems like a celestial soap opera actually describes volcanic activity at Kilauea, say scientists. The burning forest was probably a lava flow, the largest the island experienced since its settlement by Polynesians.

Lava flowed continuously for 60 years in the 15th century, covering some square kilometers of the island of Hawaii.

Geological Survey volcano scientist Donald A. Bears and monkeys help Rama and his brother Lakshman by building a floating bridge between India and Lanka. Rama leads an army of monkey-like men and rescues his wife.

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Satellite images reveal a kilometer line of limestone shoals that stretches between India and Sri Lanka that would have been drowned when sea level rose after the last ice age. It is possible that people were able to cross over the bridge until about 4, years ago. Today, only one pagoda, the Shore Temple, exists. But the great tsunami removed centuries of sediment from the ocean floor just off the coast, revealing several submerged temples. The Kom people in Cameroon lived for a short time in the land of the Bamessi. The leader, or Fon, of the Kom discovered a plot by the Bamessi Fon to kill all the young men in his kingdom, and the Kom Fon vowed revenge.

He told his sister he would hang himself and the fluids from his body would form a lake.

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The Kom were not to go near the lake—they were to leave the fish for the Bamessi and should prepare themselves to leave the region on the day that was set for catching fish. On that day, when the Bamessi entered the lake to fish, the lake exploded or imploded or sank, depending on the storyteller , drowning everyone. On the night of August 21, , Lake Nyos, a volcanic lake in Cameroon, released a deadly cloud of carbon dioxide, killing 1, people sleeping in nearby villages. A smaller degassing event at Lake Monoun two years earlier killed Carbon dioxide can build up in waters at the bottom of volcanic lakes such as these, where it is kept dissolved by the pressure of the lake water above.

But seismic activity can trigger a sudden release of the gas, which will travel along the ground and suffocate anyone caught in the cloud. Such events might have been behind the exploding lake of the Kom legend. Mayor notes that Africa is not the only place with cautionary tales of deadly lakes—Greeks and Romans also had stories warning of valleys or bodies of water that killed birds flying over them.

They may also describe real places. Buried beneath Japan is a giant catfish named Namazu. But when Kashima slips, Namazu can move its feelers or its tail, causing the ground above to move.

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Japan, which sits at the junction of several tectonic plates, is home to volcanoes and is criss-crossed by seismic faults, making it the number one country for earthquakes—no giant catfish necessary. Catfish also figure into Japanese myth in another way: The fish are supposedly able to predict earthquakes. Decades of research has failed to find any link between catfish behavior and earthquakes, however, and the country now relies on a sophisticated early warning system that detects seismic waves and sends messages to people so they can take actions, such as slowing trains, before the worst of the shaking arrives.

Alongside them are Rauf Islamov and Zaki Valiyev, who appear to be entranced by the music as they play the kamancheh , a bowed string instrument and the tar , a lute. What follows is a glorious amalgam of Azerbaijani music sung in the style of mugham - Azerbaijan's most ancient form of music - and Western choreography and orchestration.

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The transcendental performance is refreshed and enhanced, rather than weakened, by the mish-mash of cultural traditions. There is no cultural appropriation, only appreciation. The dancers take cues from the musicians and singers, frequently facing them as they perform. When Ma first presented the performance to Morris, who he had worked with previously, he was not entirely convinced. I warmed to it as I listened more and learned more. She was referring to Morris. View the discussion thread. Skip to main content. A London dance production of Layla and Majnun reveals an ancient tale of love.

A London dance production of Layla and Majnun reveals an ancient tale of love Culture. Thursday 15 November Azerbaijani Music , Layla and Majnun , Persia , arabia.



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