Spitfires Forgotten Designer: The Career of Supermarines Joe Smith

Mitchell, chief designer at Supermarine Aviation Works, which operated as a subsidiary of Vickers-Armstrong from Mitchell pushed the Spitfire's distinctive elliptical wing designed by Beverley Shenstone to have the thinnest possible cross-section, helping give the aircraft a higher t Between and he designed many aircraft. He is best remembered for his racing seaplanes, which culminated in the Supermarine S. Advancing quickly within the company, Mitchell was appointed Chief Designer in Their products have been described as "the Rolls Royce of lathes".

The assumed connection between the 2 companies is probably false. Boulton Paul Aircraft Ltd was a British aircraft manufacturer that was incorporated in , although its origins in aircraft manufacturing began earlier in , and lasted until The company mainly built and modified aircraft under contract to other manufacturers, but had a few notable designs of its own, such as the Defiant fighter and the Balliol trainer. The company's origins date back to an ironmonger's shop founded in in Norwich.

The aircraft building business was sold off from the main construction business in and then moved to Wolverhampton under its new name Boulton Paul Aircraft Ltd. During the war the company built more Sopwith Camels than any other manufacturer. Success as an aircraft Real military aircraft, such as this Grumman F Tomcat, frequently appear in works of fiction. Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.

These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public. Origins The first aviation film was the William J. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying. The Rolls-Royce Griffon engine was designed in answer to Royal Naval specifications for an engine capable of generating good power at low altitudes.

Concepts for adapting the Spitfire to take the new engine had begun as far back as October ; Joseph Smith felt that "The good big 'un will eventually beat the good little 'un.

Spitfire's Forgotten Designer

Although the Griffon-engined Spitfires were never produced in the large numbers of the Merlin-engined variants they were an important part of the Spitfire family, and in their later versions kept the Spitfire at the forefront of piston-engined fighter development. This article describes the Griffon-powered Spitfire variants.

K, the 9th production Mk I, with 19 Squadron. This Spitfire has the "cropped" Merlin 45 series engine and the "clipped" wings. The basic airframe proved to be extremely adaptable, capable of taking far more powerful engines and far greater loads than its original role as a short-range interceptor had allowed for. This would lead to 24 marks of Spitfire, and many sub-variants within the marks, being produced throughout the Second World War and beyond, in continuing efforts to fulfill Royal Air Force requirements and successfully combat ever-improving enemy aircraft.

The Spitfire was also adopted for service on aircraft carriers of the Royal Navy; in this role they were renamed Supermarine Seafire. Although the first version of the Seafire, the Seafire Ib, was a straight adaptation of the Spitfire Vb, successive variants incorporated much neede He is recognized for his contributions to a series of important aircraft designs, most notably the Lockheed U-2 and SR Blackbird. Besides the first production aircraft to exceed Mach 3, he also produced the first fighter capable of Mach 2, the United States' first operational jet fighter, as well as the first U.

In , as part of its commemoration of the th anniversary of the Wright Brothers' fli This is a list of electrical engineers by no means exhaustive , people who have made notable contributions to electrical engineering or computer engineering. Name Contribution s A. Erlang Communications and Queueing Alan Blumlein Inventions in telecommunications, sound recording, stereo, television, radar Albert H.

The Lewis gun or Lewis automatic machine gun or Lewis automatic rifle is a First World War—era light machine gun of US design that was perfected and mass-produced in the United Kingdom,[1] and widely used by troops of the British Empire during the war. It had a distinctive barrel cooling shroud containing a finned, aluminium breech-to-muzzle heat sink to cool the gun barrel and top-mounted pan magazine. The Lewis served to the end of the Korean War. It was also widely used as an aircraft machine gun, almost always with the cooling shroud removed, during both World Wars. It featured an entirely new wing design, intended to improve its critical mach number and allow safe operations at higher speeds.

The new design also allowed the landing gear to be re-arranged to a modern inward-retracting design. Other changes included a larger vertical tail to improve the somewhat marginal stability of Spitfires with the Griffon engine, and changes to the mounting of the engine to tilt it down slightly to improve visibility over the nose. The Spiteful was ready for production as the war was ending, and was passed over in favour of jet-powered designs. The Royal Navy continued development as the Supermarine Seafang as it was not clear jets could safely operate from aircraft carriers, but the success of the de Havilland Sea Vampire led to this project being cancelled in During its combat service, the SBD proved to be an excellent naval scout plane and dive bomber.

It possessed long range, good handling characteristics, maneuverability, potent bomb load, great diving characteristics, good defensive armament and ruggedness. One land-based variant of the SBD — in omitting the arrestor hook — was purpose-built for the U. Army Air Forces, as the A Banshee. Buses are a common form of vehicles used for public transport. A vehicle from Latin: Vehicles include wagons, bicycles, motor vehicles motorcycles, cars, trucks, buses , railed vehicles trains, trams , watercraft ships, boats , amphibious vehicles screw-propelled vehicle, hovercraft , aircraft airplanes, helicopters and spacecraft.

ISO is the standard, also internationally used in legislation, for road vehicles types, terms and definitions. The British Supermarine Spitfire was facing several challenges by mid In a second stream of development Supermarine was working on an improved, reinforced, Spitfire airframe which incorporated several new features and was designed for the Merlin 60 and 70 series engines. This article presents a history of the Spitfire powered by two-stage engine variants and also describes some of the "drawing board" projects and experimental Spitfires.

The Wright Military Flyer aboard a wagon in Leonardo da Vinci's Ornithopter design. Aviation timeline The history of aviation extends for more than two thousand years, from the earliest forms of aviation such as kites and attempts at tower jumping to supersonic and hypersonic flight by powered, heavier-than-air jets. Kite flying in China dates back to several hundred years BC and slowly spread around the world. It is thought to be the earliest example of man-made flight.

Leonardo da Vinci's 15th-century dream of flight found expression in several rational but unscientific designs, though he did not attempt to construct any of them. The discovery of hydrogen gas in the 18th century led to the invention of the hydrogen balloon, at almost exactly the same time that the Montgolfier brothers rediscovered the hot-air balloon and began manned flights. A list of notable people from the county of Gloucestershire: Independence Day also known as ID4 is a American science fiction action film directed and co-written by Roland Emmerich.

The film focuses on disparate groups of people who converge in the Nevada desert in the aftermath of a worldwide attack by an extraterrestrial race of unknown origin. With the other people of the world, they launch a last-ditch counterattack on July 4—Independence Day in the United States. While promoting Stargate in Europe, Emmerich came up with the idea for the film when fielding a question about his own belief in the existence of alien life.

He and Dean Devlin decided to incorporate a large-scale attack having noticed that aliens in most invasion films travel long distances in outer space only to remain hidden when reaching Earth. Shooting began in July in New York The Distinguished Flying Cross is a military decoration awarded to any officer or enlisted member of the United States Armed Forces who distinguishes himself in support of operations by "heroism or extraordinary achievement while participating in an aerial flight, subsequent to November 11, Two of the airmen died in a mid-air collision trying to land at Buenos Aires on February 26, and received their awards posthumously.

The award had only been authorized by Congress the previous year and no medals had yet been struck, so the Pan American airmen initially received only certificates. He transferred to the University of Pennsylvania two years later, where he received an economics degree from the Wharton School and a degree in physics from the College of Arts and Sciences.

He began a Ph. He is probably best remembered for playing Ashley Wilkes in Gone with the Wind Howard's Second World War activities included acting and filmmaking. He was active in anti-German propaganda and rumoured to have been involved with British or Allied Intelligence, sparking conspiracy theories regarding his death in when the Luftwaffe shot down BOAC Flight over the Bay of Bis Developed for the United States Army Air Corps, the P had distinctive twin booms and a central nacelle containing the cockpit and armament.

Allied propaganda claimed it had been nicknamed the fork-tailed devil German: A vortex is created by the passage of an aircraft wing, revealed by smoke. Vortices are one of the many phenomena associated with the study of aerodynamics. It is a sub-field of fluid dynamics and gas dynamics, and many aspects of aerodynamics theory are common to these fields. The term aerodynamics is often used synonymously with gas dynamics, the difference being that "gas dynamics" applies to the study of the motion of all gases, and is not limited to air. The formal study of aerodynamics began in the modern sense in the eighteenth century, although observations of fundamental concepts such as aerodynamic drag were recorded much earlier.

Most of the early efforts in aerodynamics were directed toward achieving heavier-than-air flight, which was first demonstrated by Otto Lilienthal in Koppen — was an American aircraft engineer. In Koppen returned to teach stability and control at MIT, where he remained until his retirement in [1] As part of the course, Koppen took students up in a Fairchild 24 to demonstrate stability principles. Koppen was quoted as saying, "if they build more than one of these, they are crazy".

He was referencing controlability issues with the small vertical tail. The eventual production aircraft did have issues, and needed over modifications before entering combat in WWII. The Douglas A-1 Skyraider formerly AD Skyraider is an American single-seat attack aircraft that saw service between the late s and early s.

The Skyraider had a remarkably long and successful career; it became a piston-powered, propeller-driven anachronism in the jet age, and was nicknamed "Spad", after the French World War I fighter. It remained in U. This page is a list of British Academy Award nominees and winners.

This list details the filmmakers, actors, actresses, and others born and working in the United Kingdom who have been nominated for or have won an Academy Award. Only 55 passenger flights were carried out before service ended due to safety concerns. A small number of cargo and test flights were also carried out after its retirement. A supersonic transport SST is a civilian supersonic aircraft designed to transport passengers at speeds greater than the speed of sound. Concorde's last commercial flight was in October , with a November 26, ferry flight being its last airborne operation.

Following the permanent cessation of flying by Concorde, there are no remaining SSTs in commercial service. Several companies have each proposed a supersonic business jet, whi In the course of searching for the girl, they uncover human remains that have been buried for 30 years or more. The remains are those of a bank clerk who had vanished with a large sum of money. When the assistant bank manager is murdered with the same gun used to kill the bank clerk, Frost must determine who else might have been implicate They were envisaged by war-time prime minister Winston Churchill in March , and legally outlined in the Housing Temporary Accommodation Act Taking the details of the public housing plan from the output of the Burt Committee formed in , the wartime coalition government under Churchill proposed to address the need for an anticipated , shortfall in post-war housing stock, by building , prefabricated houses, with a planned life of up to 10 years, within five years of the end of the Second World War.

Through use of the wartime production facilit Aviators who died prior to Many notable human fatalities have resulted from aviation accidents and incidents. Those killed as part of a sporting, political or entertainment group who flew together when the accident took place are usually only listed under the group sections; however, some are also listed as individuals. Major Rudolf Anderson, Jr. The U-2 has also been used for electronic sensor research, satellite calibration, scientific research, and communications purposes. The U-2 is one of The British Supermarine Spitfire was the only Allied fighter aircraft of the Second World War to fight in front line service from the beginnings of the conflict, in September , through to the end in August Post-war, the Spitfire's service career continued into the s.

This would lead to 19 marks of Spitfire and 52 sub-variants being produced throughout the Second World War, and beyond. Mitchell, in June , all variants of the Spitfire were designed by his replacement, Joseph Smith, and a Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrates 73 seconds after its launch resulting in the death of all seven crew members. This article lists verifiable spaceflight-related accidents and incidents resulting in fatality or near-fatality during flight or training for manned space missions, and testing, assembly, preparation or flight of manned and unmanned spacecraft.

Not included are accidents or incidents associated with intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM tests, unmanned space flights not resulting in fatality or serious injury, or Soviet or German rocket-powered aircraft projects of World War II. Also not included are alleged unreported Soviet space accidents, which are considered fringe theories by a majority of historians. As of , there have been 18 astronaut and cosmonaut fatalities during spaceflight.

There have also been some non-astronaut fatalities d This is a list of notable accidents and incidents involving military aircraft grouped by the year in which the accident or incident occurred. Not all of the aircraft were in operation at the time. Combat losses are not included except for a very few cases denoted by singular circumstances. This transport-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. The MG 42 shortened from German: Maschinengewehr 42, or "machine gun 42" is a 7. It was intended to replace the earlier MG 34, which was more expensive and took much longer to produce, but both weapons were produced until the end of the war.

Designed to be low-cost and easy to build, the MG 42 proved to be highly reliable and easy to operate. It is most notable for its very high cyclic rate for a gun using full power service cartridges, averaging about 1, rounds per minute compared to around for the MG 34, and perhaps to for other common machine guns like the M Browning or Bren. This ability made it extremely effective in providing suppressive fire, and its unique sound led to it being nicknamed "Hitler's buzzsaw".

This is a list of people who disappeared mysteriously: Many people who disappear are eventually declared dead in absentia. Some of these people were possibly subjected to forced disappearance, but there is insufficient information on their subsequent fates. He disappeared in and has not been seen since. Initially she had refused to leave the shower block, causing one of her brothers to go collect their mum to persuade Cheryl to come out. In the moments between his leaving the show This list of unsolved deaths includes notable cases where victims have been murdered or have died under unsolved circumstances, including murders committed by unknown serial killers.

The mysteriously-deceased are listed chronologically by year. For "serial killer cases" which span multiple years, entries are listed under the year the first murder took place. Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful all-weather multirole aircraft. Over 4, aircraft have been built since production was approved in Air Force, improved versions are being built for export customers.

December 6 is the th day of the year st in leap years in the Gregorian calendar. There are 25 days remaining until the end of the year. Congress moves from New York City to Philadelphia. December 5 is the th day of the year th in leap years in the Gregorian calendar. There are 26 days remaining until the end of the year. J Malan Heslop J. This is a list of aircraft in alphabetical order beginning with 'E'. The Gloster Meteor was the first British jet fighter and the Allies' only jet aircraft to achieve combat operations during the Second World War. The Meteor's development was heavily reliant on its ground-breaking turbojet engines, pioneered by Sir Frank Whittle and his company, Power Jets Ltd.

Development of the aircraft began in , although work on the engines had been under way since The Meteor first flew in and commenced operations on 27 July with No.

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The Meteor was not a sophisticated aircraft in its aerodynamics, but proved to be a successful combat fighter. Gloster's civil Meteor F. Thousands of Meteors were built to fly with the RAF and other air forces and remained in use for several decades.

The Meteor saw limited action in the Second World War. Mosquito Aces of World War 2.

Spitfire’s Forgotten Designer | Mike Roussel

Spitfire Aces of Burma and the Pacific. The Four Geniuses of the Battle of Britain. Get the Bloody Job Done. Beaufighter Aces of World War 2. Hawker Hurricane Mk I—V. Stirlings in Action With the Airborne Forces. Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces. Valiant Units of the Cold War. Very Unusual Air War. Heroes and Landmarks of British Aviation. Home is the Halifax. An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth. Return Flights In War and Peace. Story of the Red Arrows. The Last Man on the Moon. Meteor I vs V1 Flying Bomb. From Fury to Phantom. Too Far From Home. Two Sides of the Moon. How to Make a Spaceship.

Black Night for Bomber Command. Little Book of Aviation. Pioneers of Aerial Combat. Jill Tarter and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. V1 Flying Bomb Aces.

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From Lysander to Lightning. Royal Naval Air Service Pilot — They Spread Their Wings. The Fear in the Sky. General Aviation Aircraft Design. Designing Future-Oriented Airline Businesses. How the Spitfire Won the Battle of Britain. Commercial Airplane Design Principles. Last of the Few. From Nighthawk to Spitfire. Daring Women of History: