Fruit Breeding: 8 (Handbook of Plant Breeding)

This has dramatically increased the productivity and quality of the plants we grow for food, feed and fiber. The art of recognizing desirable traits and incorporating them into future generations is very important in plant breeding.

Breeders scrutinize their fields and travel long distances in search of individual plants that exhibit desirable traits. A few of these traits occasionally arise spontaneously through a process called mutation, but the natural rate of mutation is very slow and unreliable to produce all the plant traits that breeders would like to see. The end result of plant breeding is either an open-pollinated OP variety or an F1 first filial generation hybrid variety.

OP varieties, when maintained and produced properly, retain the same characteristics when multiplied. The only technique used with OP varieties is the selection of the seed-bearing plants. Hybrid seeds are an improvement over open pollinated seeds in terms of qualities such as yield, resistance to pests and diseases, and time to maturity. By crossing pure lines, a uniform population of F1 hybrid seed can be produced with predictable characteristics.

The simplest way to explain how to develop an F1 hybrid is to take an example. Let us say a plant breeder observes a particularly good habit in a plant, but with poor flower color, and in another plant of the same type he sees good color but poor habit. The best plant of each type is then taken and self-pollinated in isolation each year and, each year, the seed is re-sown.

Eventually, every time the seed is sown the same identical plants will appear. This is the simplest form of hybridization, but there are complications, of course. A completely pure line can sometimes take seven or eight years to achieve. Sometimes, a pure line is made up of several previous crossings to build in desirable features.

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The resulting plant is then grown on until it is genetically pure before use in hybridization. In addition to qualities like good vigor, trueness to type, heavy yields and high uniformity which hybrid plants enjoy, other characteristics such as earliness, disease and insect resistance and good water holding ability have been incorporated into most F1 hybrids. Principles and practices of plant genomics. This volume is part of the two-book series Principles and practices of plant genomics edited by Kole and Abbott, which draws an updated picture of the most recent advances in plant genomics and their direct applications in plant breeding.

The book is divided into 13 chapters, supplemented by an exhaustive list of abbreviations and a useful index. Contributions from multiple authors, all experts in their fields, lead to some redundancy from one chapter to another, but the overlap usually appears appropriate and enhances the readability of individual chapters.

Chapter 1 is devoted to the theory of marker-assisted selection MAS , with a summary of the basic principles and concepts of the QTL mapping approach as a transition from Volume 1: Genome mapping ; see review in Annals of Botany Chapter 1 ends with a discussion of the feasibility and efficiency of candidate-gene approaches as well as the possibility to characterize expression QTLs eQTLs with the recent development of technical platforms dedicated to gene expression. Chapter 2 reviews the use of molecular markers in germplasm conservation, from the acquisition and preservation of plant genetic resources to their evaluation and utilization, with relevant examples from various plant species.

Association-mapping is only briefly described at the end of this chapter, but is documented in Chapter 3 as a means to dissect the genetics of complex traits such as yield, and also illustrated in Chapter 8 with its application in fruit-tree breeding. Chapters 3 to 7 are dedicated to the applications of molecular markers in breeding crops for complex agronomic traits, namely yield and yield-related traits, quality e.

Sustainable Management of Arthropod Pests of Tomato. Genetic Improvement of Vegetable Crops. Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security. Root and Tuber Crops.

- Fruit Breeding (Handbook of Plant Breeding) by Badenes M.L.

Achieving sustainable cultivation of tomatoes. Gene Pool Diversity and Crop Improvement. Genetic Diversity and Erosion in Plants. Achieving sustainable cultivation of wheat Volume 1.

Principles and practices of plant genomics. Volume 2: Molecular breeding

Handbook of Biological Control. Insect Pests of Potato. Broadening the Genetic Base of Grain Cereals. A Promising Crop of Future. Phenotyping for Plant Breeding. Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with Emphasis on Trichogramma. Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture. Advances in Plant Biopesticides. Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses.

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Molecular Farming in Plants: Recent Advances and Future Prospects. Plant Growth Regulating Chemicals. Practical Manual on Plant Cytogenetics.

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