Judo, Tekwondo (Italian Edition)

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Sport con cui cimentarsi. This study included a convenient sample of elite male athletes from three martial arts disciplines: Written informed consent was obtained from the participants after they were explained the purpose of the study, measurement procedures and the possible negative events that could be encountered during the study Anthropometric measurements were carried out according to the methods proposed by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry ISAK 15 and measured by the same technicians.

Ltd, Taiwan , whilst stature was measured to the nearest millimetre, using a standardised wall mounted stadiometer Seca Stadiometer, , Seca, USA.

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Participants were required to wear minimal clothing and no shoes whilst the technician completed these tests Fat mass FM was calculated by multiplying body mass by fat percentage and was divided by to get a percentage [body mass multiplied by fat percentage divided by while lean mass was calculated as total body mass in kilogrammes subtracted by fat mass in kilogrammes Upper arm and thigh circumferences were measured in centimetres cm in both a tensed and relaxation position, while the measurement of the calf circumference was measured with the participants sitting at the end of a table and having their legs hanging over the edge.

The widths and diameters of the humerus and femur were measured to the nearest 0. The components of the body type endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph , the somatotype dispersion mean SDM and the somatotype attitudinal mean SAM were measured in terms of the recommended formula by Carter and Heath It is well known that the kinanthropometric attributes of an athlete plays a critical role in sports performance 1 and talent identification 3.

In spite of their importance, very few studies have been done to compare the kinanthropometric attributes among sub-disciplines and especially in elite athletes 4 , In this study, critical kinanthropometric attributes i. The findings of the present study demonstrate that the sampled Judo athletes displayed higher fat mass, sum of skinfolds particularly at the triceps and subscapular skinfold sites , percentage body fat and lower percentage lean body mass that either the Taekwondo and Karate athletes.

In addition, the sampled Judo athletes displayed a more endomorphic somatotype when compared to the Taekwondo and Karate athletes. This finding may support the proposal of King and Williams in that Karate and Taekwondo athletes, but not Judoists, require moving their bodies in the utmost possible speed in the existing space. The results of the present study showed that the three sub-disciplines of combat sport did not display any difference in many kinanthropometric characteristics such as stature, body mass, BMI and body surface area.

This may be as a result of the common nature of these three similar combat sports, which utilise similar aerobic and anaerobic energy systems 3. As a result, all of these three sports require high muscular strength and power.

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It has previously been demonstrated that stature has a positive effect on the performance of the athletes 8 , 20 and it is no surprise that the Judo, Karate and Taekwondo athletes did not differ in height. This finding is confirmed in other studies of athletes from other countries While the Judo athletes were found to have had a higher level of body fat percentage than the Karate and Taekwondo athletes, these findings are comparable to those of similar studies 7. Likewise, the findings of the present study on somatotype are consistent with the results of the majority of previous studies 4 , 8 , Interestingly, existing literature indicates that at all levels of competition, the mesomorphic component is the dominant somatotype component.

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Although this is true for the Karate and Taekwondo athletes in this study, the endomorph component of the Judo athletes is higher in comparison to sampled Karate and Taekwondo athletes. This increased mesomorphy, and indeed endomorphy in the Judoists, is essential in that the larger muscle mass reflected in the mesomorphy component can be considered a significant benefit for the athletes who encounter harsh physical confrontations during exercise and competitions, while the increased fat mass in the Judoists may prove beneficial in the throwing and related impacts in absorbing and dissipating such forces.

The findings of the present study demonstrate that the sampled elite Judo athletes displayed higher fat mass, sum of skinfolds particularly at the triceps and subscapular skinfold sites , percentage body fat and lower percentage lean body mass that either the elite Taekwondo and Karate athletes.

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In addition, the sampled Judo athletes displayed a more endomorphic somatotype when compared to the Taekwondo and Karate athletes, who displayed a more mesomorphic type. These findings are essential since long-term training programmes may be implemented to improve identified kinanthropometric attributes in athletes associated with sports performance, and those athletes with appropriate kinanthropometric attributes may be identified and guided to and within the appropriate sporting discipline.

Based on these results, it can be said that different athletes have different kinanthropometric attributes that is related to the source of their sport and specialised training. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. Physical and physiological profile of elite karate athletes. Age and anthropometric variables and success in mixed martial arts.

Physiological profile of elite Iranian junior freestyle wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res. Success factors in male WTF taekwondo juniors.