Water Goes Global:a geopolitical analysis

While the media and academics treat water primarily as an issue of climate and human rights, access to and control over water is a strategic imperative that has been the impetus of conflict throughout history. Something as simple as water access can impact the geopolitical realities a country faces in multiple ways.

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It also opens an additional route by which a country could project force by having a navy. The imperative to attain and maintain ocean access can drive a country to extreme measures, including war. One major component in the War of the Pacific in South America was control over access to the southern Pacific. Bolivia lost its ocean access as a result of this war and continues to this day to seek ways to recover it. Waterways also provide cheaper means of shipping goods to port for export, making exports more competitive.

One of the most strategic riverways in the world is the Mississippi River system in the United States.

Two great rivers, the Missouri and the Ohio, along with several smaller rivers flow into the Mississippi. This river system is navigable and empties into the Gulf of Mexico.

That means virtually any part of the land between the Rockies and Appalachians that would produce agricultural products and later minerals could ship goods inexpensively through this river system and eventually to Europe. In this case, the US acquired these lands primarily through the Louisiana Purchase, followed by a war with Mexico and the annexation of Texas. This led to the expansion of a buffer zone to the west of the Mississippi River.

Rivers can also be sources of geopolitical power in terms of relations between states.

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This is the case with the Nile River. Of these rivers, the most important is the Blue Nile. Given that Egypt is overwhelmingly a desert climate, the country especially populations near the Nile depends heavily on the river for water and agriculture. Currently, there is much concern over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam expected to be operational this year regarding how filling its reservoir could deplete water flowing into Egypt.

So far, this concern has been dealt with through diplomacy. However, in the mids, the Khedevite of Egypt invaded Ethiopia via Eritrea and waged war for two years in an attempt to gain control of the Nile River.

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Lastly, the absence of water can indirectly lead to conflict. The map above shows areas in Syria that experienced six or more years of drought from to In addition, the Islamic State took control of some of this overlapping territory only a few years after the drought. Tackling and solving complex cross-border and cross-cultural problems is indeed one of the peculiar characteristics of G. The most fascinating aspect of G.

Valori as an author, is his ability to unveil reality, where all human beeings are equal and united by universal values of humanity, and where ethnicity, nationality and social classes tend to equate. By reading and studying his works, readers are motivated to learn in greater detail about our shared past and present, and to pave the way for a new and modern "enlightenment". Are you an author?

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