Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy

The Nature of the Modern Mind. The Philosophy of John Dewey.

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Paul Arthur Schilpp - - New York: Essays in Pragmatic Naturalism. Manicas - - Lexington Books. A Reply to Russell. Tom Burke - - University of Chicago Press. Matthew Festenstein - - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. John Dewey's Aesthetic Philosophy. Serge Grigoriev - - History and Theory 53 3: Philosopher of Science and Freedom. Sidney Hook - - New York: From the Publisher via CrossRef no proxy muse. Loren Goldman - forthcoming - Theory and Event 16 2. The Nature of the Modern Mind.

Hobbs, Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy by John Dewey (review) - PhilPapers

The Philosophy of John Dewey. Paul Arthur Schilpp - - New York: Review of "Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy". Essays in Pragmatic Naturalism. Manicas - - Lexington Books.

Review of the Electronic Dewey: Callaway - - Journal of Speculative Philosophy 11 3. A Reply to Russell. Tom Burke - - University of Chicago Press. In this model, the work of the intellect was the unquestioned higher and the practical labor of the body was the lower. Those who used their intellect, and could avoid the messy world of the practical, would remain unsullied: Truth, beauty, and even true reality, were found in this higher realm.

The lower realm of mining and farming and building was important to life, but could never lead towards the higher experience. It seems likely that anyone will be influenced by their culture in their thinking, and that Plato and Aristotle would be no different.

There is nothing wrong with Plato and Aristotle modeling their philosophy on their culture, and in fact Dewey believed it was impossible for them to do otherwise.

John Dewey, Unmodern Philosophy and Modern Philosophy

Then what had been a philosophy inspired by a stratified culture became accepted by medieval thinkers as a vision of reality. They adopted the earlier model where all that was lower was fallen, and all that was higher was divine. Truth, beauty, and reality were to be found not in the fields or mines, but only in heaven. Dewey identifies many unfortunate consequences of this unreflective phase.

The philosophy of both Plato and Aristotle that the medieval thinkers accepted, relegated the body to a lower level.

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More importantly, they relegated the work done by the body to a lower level. The very people who supported and drove the culture and economy were looked down upon.

Dewey’s Solution

Miners, farmers, and even doctors, were associated with the body. So unfortunately the results of their work were never related to knowledge. Knowledge could only come from the heights of the intellect, never the results of the practical work of the body. Rather, he thought it was a profound error to separate the intellectual from the practical and then believe knowledge could only come from the purely intellectual sphere.

As he explains, it was the partial reconnection of the intellectual and the practical which led to the scientific revolution of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, since it was the reconnection of theory with practical experimentation that drove this revolution. Its massive growth in knowledge did not come from theory alone, but from the combination of theory and experiment.

Full text issues

That is, it came from reconnecting the higher and lower. In a startling assertion, Dewey suggests that the scientific revolution was held back twenty centuries by the very early separation of the intellectual and practical by Plato. Dewey offers many other examples to support his critique.

Much of the first half of the book is an attack on canonical Western philosophers and their problems. So the core assumptions of philosophy never really changed with the times; they only grew more complex.