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Women Cant Play
The gap between sports and the military has always been narrow; historically, it was non-existent.
Athletes and soldiers were the same thing —training to peak physical fitness to prepare for combat, sparring at home as preparation for combat abroad. Even the Olympics were seen as a way to determine which states had the favor of the gods; rather than assert dominance through open warfare, athletes exhibited their warrior prowess through sport. It was something like the Cold War, but detente depended on wrestlers and sprinters, rather than nuclear warheads.
Because men have historically dominated the military, it follows that their wargames would be similarly male-dominated. Most popular sports were developed by men, for men, as a way to both test and hone their manliness. And while participation has since been opened up to include women, the fundamentally gendered conception of sports persists. The military is still the perfect example of this: There is also a persistent question over whether military training and fitness will be compromised in order to accommodate female soldiers.
Female athletes may not be short on appropriate gear, but the system and business of sports are still an utterly male legacy. That legacy of male dominance is especially important in light of the critical differences between male and female anatomy. While none of this biology means women are inherently unable to compete or perform on the same level as men, it does mean that they have to work harder to meet identical fitness standards. There is a larger sample size of football players receiving concussions, so in absolute terms, more male athletes are suffering from traumatic head injuries than females.
There is also evidence suggesting differences between how male and female bodies respond to concussions, further compounding the issue. Outside the professional realm, there is a tendency to ignore the fact that different children of both sexes will mature and develop at different rates, and that athletic training should account for these developmental differences. Specialization directly correlates with increased risk and rates of injury in both sexes, but it also correlates with getting competing for limited college scholarship funds and a shot at going professional.
Girls especially draw the short straw here, though, because they have the double disadvantage of becoming more physically vulnerable to sports injuries thanks to puberty at the same time that the stakes are rising for participation and more intense training. History is part of the problem: This argument parallels the concern over military training standards: Professional sports are supposed to represent athletes competing at the highest level; who wants to watch a watered-down version?
So rather than tune in to see what the best female athletes are truly capable of, viewers and fans assume that men are inherently better, stronger, and faster. The intent behind the law—signed by President Nixon—was to prevent inequality in sports by requiring equal financing. It became illegal for any educational or athletic program that received federal funding to discriminate based on sex.
Such has been the case with Title IX. That means that funding and opportunity corresponds to institutional sex demographics, rather than demand. Rather than doing something about the perverse relationship between the colleges, professional leagues, and student athletes , Title IX has essentially compounded and magnified the pre-existing problems and escalated the stakes for all athletes and fans. The gender pay gap is difficult to measure precisely , because the cause of wage disparities is not always due to overt discrimination.
Anderson would make a terrific spy. Ask anybody, man or woman, who his or her favorite James Bond actor is and the answer will usually be Sean Connery, the most misogynistic of the lot. Bond is first and foremost about masculinity. You know the scenario: And in the overcrowded spy genre, all has going for it is that carefree, unapologetic nostalgia value. Audiences go into the theater with a list of expectations: With a Jane Bond, the movies would be fundamentally different; every joke and chase would be scrutinized and politically corrected within an inch of its fictional life.
Out goes the escapism and joy, in goes Charlie Rose and talkbacks. The difference between the American men's and women's soccer teams' salaries serves as an example regarding pay inequality.
Top 10 Reasons Women Can’t Play Sports - www.newyorkethnicfood.com
Taking into consideration the revenues generated by the sport itself and the accomplishments of the athletes, the disparity in pay is extremely overwhelming. The German men's national team earned 35 million dollars, while the American women's national team earned 2 million dollars after winning the World Cup. Golf is another sport which has a significant rising female presence. However, when one compares the revenue earned to salary received, women athletes often get an extremely low [ clarification needed ] salary in comparison to the revenue they generate and their accomplishments. Although female athletes have come a long way since the establishment of professional sports, they still remain far behind in terms of pay and media coverage.
According to — figures, men's college programs still have many advantages over women's in the average number of scholarships Also in , 18 percent of all women's programs had no women administrators. The fight for equality extends to the wallet. On March 30, , five players from the U. The complaint argues that U. Muslim women are less likely to take part in sport than Western non-Muslims.
The traditions of Islamic modesty in dress and requirements for women's sport to take place in a single-sex environment make sports participation more difficult for devout female adherents. The lack of availability of suitably modest sports clothing and sports facilities that allow women to play in private contributes to the lack of participation.
Cultural norms of women's roles and responsibilities towards the family may also be a source of discouragement from time-consuming sports practice. However, Islamic tenets and religious texts suggest that women's sports in general should be promoted and are not against the values of the religion. The Quranic statements that followers of Islam should be healthy, fit and make time for leisure are not sex-specific. The prophet Muhammad is said to have raced his wife Aisha on several occasions, with Aisha beating him the first couple of times.
Correspondingly, some scholars have proposed that Muslim women's lack of engagement with sport is due to cultural or societal reasons, rather than strictly religious ones. However, besides religious testaments, there are many barriers for Muslim women in relation to sports participation. A significant barrier to Muslim women's sports participation is bans on the Islamic headscarf, commonly known as the hijab. Some have also used sports towards their own empowerment, working for women's rights, education, and health and wellbeing. Iranian women were banned from attending a volleyball game and an Iranian girl was arrested for attending a match.
Iran was given the right to host the International Beach Volleyball tournament, and many Iranian women were looking forward to attending the event. However, when the women tried to attend the event, they were disallowed, and told it was forbidden to attend by the FIVB.
Women's sports
The women took to social media to share their outrage; however the Federation of International Beach volleyball refuted the accusations, saying it was a misunderstanding. The conferences pretend to "develop a sporting culture that enables and values the full involvement of women in every aspect of sport and physical activity", by "increas[ing] the involvement of women in sport at all levels and in all functions and roles".
Media coverage for women's sports is significantly less than the coverage for men's sports. In , a study was conducted that recorded and compared the amount of media coverage of men and women's sports on popular sports commentary shows. After recording sports news and highlights, they wrote a quantitative description of what they saw and a qualitative description of the amount of time that story received.
In , women's sports coverage reached an all-time high when it was recorded at 8. It maintained its higher percentages until it reached an all-time low in , decreasing to 1. The researchers also measured the amount of time that women's sports were reported in the news ticker , the strip that displays information at the bottom of most news broadcasts. These percentages were recorded in order to compare the amount of media coverage for each gender. When researching the actual amount of time that women's sports stories were mentioned, they focused specifically on differences between the National Basketball Association NBA and the Women's National Basketball Association.
They recorded two different time periods: The WNBA had 8 stories, totaling 5: During the off-season, the WNBA did not receive any stories or time on the ticker, while the NBA received a total of 81, which were approximately When compared, the WNBA had a total of 8 stories and 5: The actual games had several differences in the way the games were presented.
The findings were that WNBA games had lower sound quality, more editing mistakes, fewer views of the shot clock and fewer camera angles. There was less verbal commentary and visual statistics about the players throughout the games as well. In past studies, women were sexualized, portrayed as violent, or portrayed as girlfriends, wives and mothers.
Female athletes were often included in gag stories that involved sexual dialogue or emphasized their bodies. In Australia, the wives of the men's cricket team members were given more media coverage than the players on the women's cricket team, who also had won more games than the men's rugby team.
Top 10 Reasons Women Can’t Play Sports
In newspapers articles, coverage on men's sports once again had a greater number of articles than women's sports in a ratio of 23—1. In , a study was conducted that recorded and compared the amount of media coverage of men and women's sports on popular newspapers. They analyzed four different sports magazines for three months and recorded the number of women's sports stories that were featured and the content of the stories.
Women's sports made up 3.
That was the most women's sports coverage that there had been in several years. Women played 90 minutes of football, 80 minutes of rugby, 18 holes of golf and ran the same distance in a marathon as men https: Amy Godoy-Pressland conducted a study that investigated the relationship between sports reporting and gender in Great Britain. She studied Great Britain's newspapers from January to December and documented how media coverage of men's sports and women's sports was fairly equal during the Olympics and then altered after the Olympics were over.
It promotes the idea of female aesthetics over achievements, while the coverage of women not directly involved in sport misrepresents the place of women in sport and inferiorizes real sportswomen's achievements. Excluding women's sports from the media makes it much less likely for young girls to have role models that are women athletes.
Media coverage has slightly increased and this is mostly due to social networking. Traditional media has also improved its coverage of women's sports through more exposure time and using better equipment to record the events. Recent research has shown that in the past twenty years, camera angles, slow motion replays, quality and graphics regarding the presentation of women sports has gradually improved.
A study has shown that ESPN, which began airing women NCAA tournament in , aired eleven women tournament segments in comparison to one-hundred men's tournament segments. This representative data is showcases a main part of the minimal interaction the media has with women athletes. Media coverage of women sports in the United States has further justified the divisional hierarchy faced by women athletes in terms of popularity and coverage.
Scholarly studies Kane, M. Girls' and boys' participation rates in sports vary by country and region. In the United States, nearly all schools require student participation in sports, guaranteeing that all girls were exposed to athletics at an early age, which was generally not the case in Western Europe and Latin America. Title IX legislation required colleges and universities to provide equal athletic opportunities for women.
This large pool of female athletes enabled the U. Tennis was the most-popular professional female sport from the s onward, [ citation needed ] and it provided the occasion for a symbolic "battle of the sexes" between Billie Jean King and Bobby Riggs , enhancing the profile of female athletics. Women's professional team sports achieved popularity for the first time in the s, particularly in basketball and football soccer.
The WNBA is operated at a loss by the NBA , [ citation needed ] perhaps in the hope of creating a market that will eventually be profitable. A similar approach is used to promote women's boxing , as women fighters are often undercards on prominent male boxing events, in the hopes of attracting an audience. The National Women's Hockey League is an American women's professional ice hockey league, and the United Women's Lacrosse League is an American professional women's lacrosse league; both were established in Today, women compete professionally and as amateurs in virtually every major sport, though the level of participation typically decreases when it comes to the more violent contact sports; few schools have women's programs in American football, boxing or wrestling.
However, these typical non-participation habits may slowly be evolving as more women take real interest in the games, for example Katie Hnida became the first woman ever to score points in a Division I NCAA American football game when she kicked two extra-points for the University of New Mexico in Modern sports have seen the development of a higher profile for female athletes in other historically male sports, such as golf , marathons or ice hockey.
As of , the only sports that men, but not women play professionally in the United States are football , baseball , and Ultimate Frisbee. Although basketball, soccer and hockey have female sports leagues, they are far behind in terms of exposure and funding compared to the men's teams. For example, at the Winter Olympics , both genders were allowed to participate in the sport of figure skating , previously a female-only sporting event.
However, the programs for the event required men to perform three triple jumps, and women only one. A female athlete from the University of California, San Diego playing soccer. Olympic Games track gold medalist Meseret Defar of Ethiopia. Master Hao Zhihua , the most accomplished female Wushu athlete in China's history. Dutch cyclist Ellen van Dijk , at the Summer Olympics.
Fernanda Brito of Chile playing women's doubles tennis at Wimbledon in From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate. August Learn how and when to remove this template message. This section needs expansion.