The Gettysburg Conspiracy

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Satan's Last Whisper Oct 22, The Gettysburg Conspiracy Apr 07, Provide feedback about this page. There's a problem loading this menu right now. Get fast, free shipping with Amazon Prime. While the use of romantic language was still prevalent, Lincoln was among those who recognized the need for more concise language.

People were using the telegraph for communication during the war, and dispatches had to get to the point quickly if they were going to be tapped out across the wires. Lincoln's world was adapting to faster forms of communication, and speeches like the Gettysburg Address reflected the changing times. The Gettysburg Address is considered a pivotal moment in the way Americans viewed themselves and their government. A phrase Lincoln uses at the end of the speech -- "a government of the people, by the people, for the people" -- was a new interpretation of American government and society.

Before that, people had talked about ending slavery, but few talked about "equality. With the speech, in fact, Lincoln redirected political thought in America toward his interpretation of the Declaration of Independence as opposed to the Constitution. Writer Garry Wills describes the change as one in which the Constitution is simply a means to an end, with the end being the ideals of the Declaration of Independence [source: Powell and the other prisoners began to receive fresh clothing including undergarments more frequently, more food, and writing instruments paper, pen, ink.

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On April 22, Powell repeatedly banged his head into the iron walls of his cell aboard the Saugus. A canvas padded hood, with only a slit for the mouth and nostrils, was fashioned. Powell and all the other prisoners aboard the monitors were forced to wear them 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to prevent any further suicide attempts. Mudd were not required to wear the hoods. On June 6, Hartranft ordered them removed—except for Powell's. The suicide attempt worried prison officials for another reason, too. Powell allegedly could not remember what state or country he had been born in, nor his age.

Military personnel became concerned that he was insane, or was being driven mad by his confinement. Three physicians were called in to determine his sanity, and on June 17 he was interviewed for 3 hours and 40 minutes by Major Thomas Akaryote and Dr. The military tribunal later ruled him sane.

With Booth dead and John Surratt still at large, Lewis Powell was the individual who knew most about the conspiracy, and government officials pressed him for information. Eckert spent hours with Powell over the weeks until his execution, trying to get him to talk. During this time, Powell told many stories—some true, and some obviously not—about his war experiences and various plots to kill Lincoln or commit other crimes such as burn New York City.

The trial of the alleged conspirators began on May 9. Conviction required a simple majority of judges, while imposition of the death sentence required a two-thirds majority. The only appeal was directly to the President of the United States. A room on the northeast corner of the third floor of the Arsenal was used as a courtroom.

Powell did not have legal representation until the third day of the trial. Taney , [] [] Campbell had declined to represent him.

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On the second day, Burnett asked Colonel William E. Doster to assume Powell's defense. Although reluctant, having his hands full with one client, Doster agreed, [] though for weeks Powell refused to speak to Doster. The prosecution opened its case against Powell on May Louis Weichmann tied Powell strongly to the Booth-led conspiracies against Lincoln. Robinson testified about the attack on the Secretary of State and identified Powell as the assailant.

The Herndon House landlady testified that Powell rented a room from her, while two police officers discussed Powell's arrest. Bell's testimony proved to be a turning point. Powell was freed from his restraints, obliged to put on his hat and overcoat, and place his hands on Bell as if to shove him aside. Bell's reaction provoked much laughter in the courtroom, even from Powell. Powell expressed remorse for hurting Frederick Seward.

But most of his discussion was disjointed and rambling, and he still could not remember his age or place of birth. Although Powell revealed his real name, the name of his father, and where his parents lived, Powell's many fabrications left Doster too distrustful of these facts to act on them.

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Doster did not write to George Powell in Florida until nearly a month had passed. The defense opened its case on June The weight of evidence against Powell was so overwhelming that Doster never attempted to disprove his guilt. Rather, Doster characterized Powell's actions as those of a soldier who "aimed at the head of a department instead of a corps".

Charles Nichols, superintendent of the Government Hospital for the Insane , testified as to his belief that Powell was insane, as did the two guards who watched over Powell. But despite additional examinations by a number of physicians, none of them found Powell insane. Many claimed he was stupid or slow-witted, but none found him mad. He argued that Powell had not killed Lincoln, nor had he killed Seward, and thus his life should be spared. The nine judges of the military tribunal began considering the guilt and sentencing of the co-conspirators on June About an hour was spent considering each defendant's guilt.

On June 30, the tribunal began voting on the charges facing each individual. They disposed of the Herold and Atzerodt cases before considering Powell's guilt. He was found guilty of all charges, except the two counts of conspiracy with Edmund Spangler. The tribunal sentenced Powell to death. On July 6, the verdicts were made public.

Will Hutchison (Author of The Gettysburg Conspiracy)

Powell asked to see two ministers: Stryker, an Episcopalian minister at St. Gillette arrived shortly after Powell made his request.

Powell spent several hours with Gillette, whom he had seen preach in Baltimore in February Powell told Gillette about his background, how he came to be involved in the conspiracy, and how much he regretted his actions which he still justified as those of a soldier. Powell wept profusely during portions of their interview, and blamed Confederate leaders for his predicament.

Powell strenuously attempted to exonerate Mary Surratt. Rath came, and Powell declared that Surratt knew nothing of the conspiracy and was innocent.

Rath conferred with Eckert, and within an hour had taken down Powell's statement for consideration by President Johnson. Wiget, and Surratt's daughter, Anna, who visited Powell that evening and elicited the statement declaring Mrs. Gillette spent the night with Powell.

The condemned man alternately wept and prayed, and fell asleep for three hours near dawn. A gallows was constructed in the Arsenal courtyard [] 12 feet 3. Powell asked to see General Hartranft, and impressed upon him once more Mary Surratt's innocence. Hartranft wrote a memorandum to President Johnson outlining Powell's statement, adding that he believed Powell to be telling the truth.

Powell then made a statement exonerating Atzerodt, declaring that Atzerodt refused to kill Vice President Johnson even though Booth had ordered him to do so. Hartranft read the execution order. She doesn't deserve to die with the rest of us". The prisoners were asked to stand and move forward a few feet to the nooses.

The bodies were allowed to hang for about 30 minutes before being cut down [] [] [] and placed in wooden gun boxes. In , the coffins were reburied elsewhere within the Arsenal. There is some dispute about what happened next.

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Historian Betty Ownsbey says that Powell's family expressed a wish to reclaim the remains, but did not do so. When Graceland Cemetery, [ when? According to Powell family legend, Bak says, the family went to Washington in to retrieve Lewis' remains; the skull was missing. On the return trip to Florida, George Powell fell ill, and Lewis Powell's remains were temporarily interred on a nearby farm. In , the remains were retrieved and the headless corpse was buried in Geneva, Florida. Graceland Cemetery a burial ground primarily for African Americans did not open until , but Powell was reburied before that.

Graceland closed in , [] a date which does not fit with the date of the Holmead's burial as related by Bak or Ownsbey. Other documents describe an alternative series of events. According to this version, Powell's family declined to retrieve the body, at which point Powell was buried at Holmead's Burying Ground [] in either June [] or February Gawler of Gawler's Funeral Home handled the reburial.

The burial site was unmarked, and only Gawler and a few Army personnel knew where Powell was interred at Holmead's. Family members and friends reclaimed about 1, bodies. The remains of 4, Caucasians were removed to Rock Creek Cemetery , while several hundred African American remains were reinterred at Graceland Cemetery.

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The identifying glass vial was recovered, but the paper it was supposed to contain was missing. Powell biographer Betty Ownsbey suggests a third sequence of events. She argues Powell was interred at Graceland Cemetery, but that his remains were disinterred some time between and and moved to Holmead's Burying Ground. In , a Smithsonian Institution researcher discovered Powell's skull in the museum's Native American skull collection. Army investigators came to believe that A. The skull was then donated in to the Army Medical Museum. At that time, it was stenciled with the accession number and the capital letter "P".

The museum's documentation shows that the skull came from "Payne", a criminal who had been executed by hanging. The Army gave the skull to the Smithsonian on May 7, , and somehow it became mixed with the Native American collection. The Smithsonian contacted Powell's nearest living relative, his year-old great-niece Helen Alderman, who requested that the skull be turned over to her.

Powell appeared in the second episode of the first season of Timeless and was portrayed by Kurt Ostlund. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other people named Lewis Powell, see Lewis Powell disambiguation. For other people with the name, see Lewis Payne disambiguation. Randolph County, Alabama , U. Wert noted that, in the absence of hard evidence, there is not enough circumstantial evidence to prove Mosby's involvement. Wyatt Evans goes even further, and has concluded there is absolutely no evidence whatsoever to link Mosby to Confederate spy organization.