IL CACCIATORE (JUST CALL ME HARRY Vol. 2) (Italian Edition)

I cannot believe my luck to have something so amazing sent to me. I am a first generation Italian, having immigrated to Montreal with my parents when I was only 4 years-old. Panoram Italia has opened my eyes and my heart so much that I actually visited Italy three years ago. What an incredible country it is — beyond compare to any other. I owe you many thanks for giving me the curiosity to explore my roots and for actually lighting the flame of pride for my home country! My family loves to read your magazine, which I always keep on my coffee table. It is so beautifully done and deserves a place of honour in my home.

Please keep on doing this great work, which touches and inspires many people — especially those that have a connection to Italy, however far removed. Museo Casa Enzo Ferrari, Vol. Congratulations on a great article by Alain Raymond. Your loyal reader, Mike Trigiani, Toronto. Il Volo concert tickets contest August I just wanted to say thanks for the tickets. My mom had an amazing time and loved every minute of the show last night. This was possible only because of you and would like to say how much it was greatly appreciated.

The car is a great asset for us and I love it. I think you have a wonderful magazine. I subscribed to Panorama Italia because I really enjoy reading it and I thought it was a great way to support the Italian community. Winning the car was an unexpected bonus. I was so intrigued by the article and what Podere Forte has to offer that I visited the winery on August 7. It was a truly beautiful experience and would not have been possible if I had not read that article.

I look forward to reading more articles about hidden Italian treasures, and look forward to visiting them as well! I truly believe it is up to us to pass on our culture and language to our children. In our house, we speak only Italian to our kids 15 months and 3 years and my daughter speaks it perfectly. English and French are the languages of Quebec and my kids will have no choice to speak those languages. Italian is part of our heritage and culture and it must be passed on to our kids. Angela Tummillo I would like to send a big thank you to the team at Panoram Italia for a great magazine!

I have been reading it for many years and always bring it with me to work as soon as I get it! This magazine is informative, current and very well-put together and I love the fact that it is trilingual! My kids who are 12 and 14 look forward to it and read it with us and it actually has improved our Italian writing and speaking skills! There is something in it for all the members of my family. I especially love the recipes and holiday baking specials. This is our heritage and I believe in the importance of learning about it and keeping our kids and future generations informed about our Italian heritage and the values it has brought to us and instilled in us.

Thanks once again and keep up the great work! While delivering her victory speech in downtown Montreal, a disturbed English-speaking Quebecer went on a violent rampage, killing one and wounding another innocent bystander. Violence cannot be justified by any means. Nonetheless, what happened last September 4 on election night is significant: As a result, Premier Marois has two choices: Avoidance of confrontation is also what is expected of Prime Minister Stephen Harper.

He enjoys a majority government and the temptation for him is to stick rigidly to a conservative agenda, and to take for granted or disregard, for instance, complaints. If Marois embodies old-style separatism, Stephen Harper fosters a nostalgic view of the centrality of the British traditions and heritage in shaping Canadian identity. Canada in is a country where French and English are official languages, but where the majority of its population is neither of French or British origin.

It is truly a multicultural country, especially where it really counts, in major urban areas. Politicians in Halifax, Quebec, Toronto, Edmonton, Vancouver, from coast to coast, should leave their seat in Ottawa and visit university campuses more frequently in order to realize how pervasive the ethnic diversity of the student population really is; only there will they truly see the future of French and English speaking Canada. Which begs the question: Canadian federalism, he used to say, is an ongoing experiment which needs to be reinvented by each generation. Dialogue and a generous vision of the country where a multiplicity of views can coexist and grow together are what our country needs for the present and the future.

We shall discover, both in Quebec City and in Ottawa, if we allow this to happen, that open-mindedness and tolerance will reduce differences and allow similarities to prosper, rendering Canada a better place to call home. Needless to say, this s icon is a rare bird. But James denies being a trailblazer, pointing out the many other Italian artists from his neighbourhood that came first. It was a really happening time. Ci si divertiva parecchio! Provenienti dalla provincia di Campobasso, in Molise, i genitori di James hanno sfidato alcune convenzioni. Mio padre era un vero appassionato delle arti, specialmente del cinema.

On y trouvait toutes sortes de gens, de tous les milieux. His mother, Maria Minicucci, worked as a flight attendant — an attractive alternative to factory work and manual labour for many Italians at that time. A few years later, he started Di Salvio's, a famous club on St. There were different types of people from all walks of life.

My father was really fond of the arts, especially film. It mixes multicultural, electro-pop, and urban music textures, in a way not unlike Montreal itself — the city James exalts as a rare bastion of North American bohemianism. But an artist's career rarely escapes a few pitfalls. Today, with 20 years hindsight, James is grateful for all his luck: None of this could have happened without support from friends, family and a whole bunch of other people who helped this incredible adventure take form.

You always need to be as honest as you can with yourself. Music takes a leap of faith, but it brings you so much love. Ma la carriera di un artista raramente sfugge a qualche insidia. Gli ultimi due album dei Bran Van , Rose e The Garden , sono stati tormentati da problemi e non hanno conseguito lo stesso successo del primo. Les deux derniers albums de Bran Van Fro scene is a vibran m t l extend b DJs are spinnin lectro beats, peo laid-back, funk p g a musician ck a few years; i.

His reputation is second to none and he is an incredible inspiration. Montreal is probably the last North American bohemia. There is an amazing infusion of cultures in. After falling in love with DJing in , the entrepreneurial artist recorded a mix tape that she gave out to several promoters.

Her diligence paid off and she booked her first event — a rave in Sorel in May But while the Montreal scene was satisfying, she quickly felt the need to take her music to an international level. Then I started my own label and all the music I put out [enabled me] to DJ internationally. She has since followed up with her finely-crafted second. The pieces feature strong beats, plenty of hooks and a gotta-dance vibe that has fans flocking to her live shows. Along with an appearance at the edition of the Montreal Jazz Fest, Misstress Barbara also played Piknic Electronik on many occasions.

Of course it can be traced back even further than that.

Translators’ Identities within Approaches to Translation Sociology:

Add to that a heavy touring schedule that takes him to places like Brazil, Miami and Las Vegas as well as stops throughout the province of Quebec and this young star is pretty much listening to music all of the time. Montreal is really a party city. People used to go out for music and dancing, I really wanted to continue that tradition. It was really incredible!

And with such a rich musical heritage, one can only wonder what lies in store for the next generation of Montreal DJs. Being a DJ is all about the music; entertaining your crowd with the right music at the right time and looking good while doing it! Biggest gig so far: DJing, hosting huge events and making people party like crazy no matter what! Also, I now started to produce my own music as well and so much more Stef Agostino DJing philosophy: It's all about the vibe you create.

To play what you like and adapt it to the type of crowd and venue, making sure everyone just has a great time. To keep working on my productions and most importantly, just enjoying what I do. Thursday nights at Moomba Supperclub, as well as opening for international artists at New City Gas every now and then.

World tour with Tiesto wouldn't be bad! I'm not a big planner, not much of what I do is planned really. This all happened organically. All I can do is keep growing as a person and do whatever it takes to keep the crowds growing and enjoying life at my shows. For my complete show schedule, follow me on Twitter: Paolo Rocco DJing philosophy: To give the crowd the same feeling I get when I hear a hot track and lose total concept of time.

Seriously and regularly since I am influenced by love and play all kinds of music.

Questions keep getting harder If I had to pick a few in no particular order I would go with: Michael Gracioppo DJing philosophy: Uncompromising honesty and the continuous exploration of creativity. Whatever is inspiring me at the moment. Opening weekend of Piknic Electronik in Montreal. Score the opening ceremonies of the Olympics. Make more records; travel the world; make some coin; fall in love; get married; get divorced; lose all that money.

Monthly residency at Stereo Afterhours Montreal. Out of all the venues, clubs, afterhours I have played at, the biggest gig for me has to be when I went back to play for my high school a year after I graduated. That was one of the early moments I knew being a DJ is something I could excel in. Simone Teti Simo DJing philosophy: Due to this experience, I began to see music in a completely different way and quickly became passionate about composing and DJing. We were fortunate enough to meet Tiesto and discuss future plans regarding our music and his label.

Ryan Leslie Favourite track: Modjo — Lady Biggest gig so far: Sensation White Future plans: However, this summer in particular, most of my days are spent working in the studio with my partner Paris in attempt to bring our sound to the next level. In addition, we will be working and collaborating with some talented artists. Minestra di Cicerchia Ingredients: Soak the cicerchie for 24 hours in 4 cups of water, then drain and discard the water.

Once drained, place in a large pot and cover with water. Bring to a boil over high heat and then lower heat and allow the beans to simmer, covered, until tender 1. Once cooked, drain and discard any of the skins that were removed during cooking. In a separate pot, warm a bit of olive oil and then add the garlic and the herbs. Cook until the garlic becomes fragrant and then add in the tomatoes.

Simmer for about 10 minutes and then add in the cooked cicerchie, and cook for an additional 10 minutes before adding the stock and enough water for desired consistency of soup. Continue the cooking for 10 minutes adding salt and pepper to taste. For an authentically Umbrian version of the dish, quadrucci pasta may be added to the soup, along with parmigiano, otherwise it can be served on its own drizzled with olive oil and accompanied by crusty bread.

Food, just like fashion, is cyclical and everything old is new again. Such is the case for an ancient legume making its way back onto the culinary stage. It was often cultivated in spare patches of land, between corn plants and was a crop that could sustain people through the winter. The pebbly chickpea, small and spiky with colours ranging from grey to spotted brown, is enjoying a renewed popularity thanks to the Slow Food Presidia a movement started in Italy, dedicated to supporting and protecting locally produced products, strains, and breeds.

Aficionados in the Marche region have revived the crop that was nearing extinction and have restored it to its place among typical food products of the Verdicchio territory. Planted in April and harvested in August, cicerchia, like other grain legumes, is a high-protein. Due to its concentration of neurotoxic amino acids, however, it should not be a main source of nutrients for an extended period of time. It is for this reason that the beans, which are available only dried, should be soaked for 24 hours prior to cooking and the soaking water eliminated. The wild pea is predominantly grown in the central region of Italy in the hills around Serra De Conti, where each year, in November, it is celebrated with a festival.

The resurgence of the chickling vetch has reintroduced the world to a delicious culinary tradition, and has brought the rare bean back into the spotlight. Il vino era utilizzato principalmente come conservante per le carni: Ecco alcuni consigli e suggerimenti per un corretto e appagante utilizzo del vino nella preparazione delle pietanze: Non utilizzare vini scadenti: Una volta aggiunto il vino, attendere almeno 10 minuti di cottura prima di assaggiare e decidere di aggiungerne altro; I vini avanzati possono essere utilizzati per cucinare fino a una decina di giorni se conservati ben chiusi in frigorifero.

I guerrieri greci mangiano soprattutto carne arrosto: I loro pasti sono spesso innaffiati da buon vino: Scena marina con pesci e molluschi. Copia di un tappeto musivo ellenistico. Triclinio, Casa del Fauno, I sec. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Napoli. Se la carne, talvolta insieme ai formaggi, sembra il piatto forte degli eroi, le erbe e, in generale, i vegetali hanno spesso funzioni magiche.

Anche la maga Medea usa erbe selvatiche per preparare filtri amorosi e magiche pozioni. Una dieta liquida, insomma. Sappiamo, invece, che nella vita di tutti i giorni i Greci banchettavano spesso insieme, mangiando verdure, formaggi, pesce e carne arrosto, e che alla fine della cena aveva inizio il simposio, durante il quale si beveva, si cantava e si conversava. He is known as the inventor of modern Italian cuisine. He was the first Italian chef to be awarded three Michelin stars and the first one to give them all back. Panoram Italia met with the Italian gastronomical living legend chef Gualtiero Marchesi.

Go out there and travel, attend art exhibits. It will inspire you anyway. I was recently in Northern Italy, surrounded by mountains. For me it was time to try something new. Marchesi wanted to experience creative cuisine, which had not yet reached Italy where traditions were still strictly. He needed to get out and be in the middle of the action, so he headed to Paris in the midst of He apprenticed at the legendary Ledoyen and went on to the Chapeau Rouge. Later, Marchesi met the world famous chef Paul Bocuse with whom he became friends. I said to myself, why not include this philosophy in my meals?

First three-Michelin-star restaurant in Italy The rave reviews received by Gualtiero Marchesi over the years are a testament to his philosophy, his gastronomic entrepreneurship and his creativity. Opened in , his restaurant Bonvesin de la Riva obtained its first Michelin star the same year.

It was awarded its second star the subsequent year and in the restaurant finally received its third one - becoming the first institution in Italy to reach this stellar consecration and making Marchesi the first non-Frenchman to be awarded three stars. In , Marchesi unexpectedly decided to give back his Michelin stars, causing an outcry on both the Italian and international culinary scenes. His decision was directly in line with his whole culinary philosophy: Last year this very same guide gave the maximum vote to only five Italian restaurants as opposed to 26 restaurants in France.

French food is usually over-elaborated compared to Italian dishes that tend to be far more subtle. Which one of the two is best according to Marchesi? Asked about the latest trends in Italian haute cuisine, Marchesi hastily digresses on the importance for up-and-coming chefs to master basic cooking knowledge. You really have to work hard to even become a cook. You need to assimilate a wide array of information. It is, therefore, very important to have a solid technical base in order to get acquainted to the many different aspects of cooking.

Like a musician, you have to work hard and you need to have a solid technique if you wish to eventually become a composer. Located in the highest areas of the valley of the Bidente River, at the foot of the Tusco-Emilian Apennines, dal Nespoli is one of the most famous producers of the region and is especially recognized for its authentic expression of Sangiovese di Romagna.

Romagnola herself, MGM prides itself on cooperating with this historic winery founded in , which is ranked as one of the top five producers of the region by Decanter magazine. This significant transition is already showing good results in the cellar. Product available at the SAQ: Canada and the United States are two markets very favourable to Italian wines, especially for sangiovese-based products.

MGM is focused on convincing consumers that Emilia Romagna offers much more than the red sparkling Lambruscos it is best known for. Moreover, Sangiovese di Romagna wines tend to offer a higher value thanks to their rich and structured character and their affordable prices. Italian wines are also great with food and Emilia Romagna is especially recognized for its amazing gastronomy, mainly pasta dishes ranging from tagliatelle to tortelli and strozzapretti.

Martini strongly believes in the marriage between his wines and the culinary delights of his homeland. Mix the flour with the eggs, form the dough into a ball and roll out until thin. Cut it with a ravioli wheel to make tagliatelle 12 cm long and 1 cm wide. Finely chop the vegetables and stir them in a drizzle of oil and the bay leaf. Add the minced meat and cook, add the wine and let it boil off.

Ingredients g mature tomatoes g flour ml dry white wine 50 g veal 50 g beef 50 g pork 30 g Parmesan cheese 20 g onion 20 g carrots 20 g celery. Peel and seed the tomatoes and cut them into small pieces. Pour half on the meat, season with salt and pepper and add a little bit of water. Cook until the sauce is concentrated. Clean the shallots, cut them into thin layers and keep them in fresh water for a while. In a pan, brown the shallots in a drizzle of oil, add the remaining tomatoes and cook for 2 minutes. Then, add the sauce and half of the stridoli, allow it to reduce and then remove from heat.

Cook the tagliatelle in abundant salted water, strain and dress with the sauce. Place the tagliatelle on the plate surrounded by fried stridoli and shallots. Managing Editor and resident wine expert at Panoram Italia magazine, Gabriel has been working in the wine industry for over 10 years and has travelled extensively to various wine regions of Italy. From to , he served as president of the Montreal Slow Food Convivium, organizing numerous gastronomical and wine tasting events. Vino a Denominazione di Origine Controllata.

A fluid and lively wine of medium intensity. Tasty, inviting fruity mouth with nice, soft tannins. Meaty, medium to full-bodied wine with a good tannic backbone. Rich, suave white wine of medium intensity. Tasty and well balanced wine, ideal with red meats. Strong and earthy, without being rustic. A powerful wine with muscular tannins. Sharp and crispy mouth offering juicy white peach fragrances. Lovely, round and filling full-bodied mouth with polished tannins ending on a long-lasting finish.

Suave and complex bouquet of sweet cherries, chocolate ganache, tobacco and hints of cinnamon spice. Rich and powerful mouth displaying chunky tannins and a vibrant acidity that lingers on a nice balanced finish. Soft and vibrant wine displaying a rich and charming fruity character. Soft and ample white wine with a refreshing, mineral finish. Smooth and fruity mediumbodied wine with a nice spicy ending. A good value wine. Vibrant and fruity mouth displaying a nice spicy finish. Rich, crisp and vibrant Franciacorta. Smooth and balanced traditional sparkling wine with a fresh and lengthy finish.

Tasty wine with a good edgy acidity. Juicy, flavourful medium-bodied Barbera of great character. Flavoursome red wine with a sharp acidy and a refreshing aftertaste. Meaty red wine with strong yet rounded tannins. Warm, filling and vibrant red wine with chunky tannins and a fresh, peppery finish. Juicy, medium to full-bodied Barolo displaying good chunky tannins. Powerful, structured red wine with heavy tannins and a spicy, lingering finish. Jon Bernthal was born and raised in Washington D.

His grandfather was musician Murray Bernthal. Actor The Thirteenth Floor. He accompanied his mother on assignments for the Village Voice, and credits her with making him feel comfortable in front of the Actor A Bronx Tale. A masculine and enigmatic actor whose life and movie career have had more ups and downs than the average rollercoaster and whose selection of roles has arguably derailed him from achieving true superstar status, James Caan is New York-born and bred.

He was born in the Bronx, to Sophie Falkenstein Is Jewish; parents immigrated from Germany Italian roles: Actor The Adventures of Ford Fairlane. He has been married to Valerie Silverstein since February 14, Is Greek Italian roles: He has gone on to Actor Some Like It Hot. Curtis himself admits that while he had almost no formal education, he was a student of the "school of hard knocks" and learned from a young age that the only Actor Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl.

Johnny Depp is perhaps one of the most versatile actors of his day and age in Hollywood. Depp was raised in Florida. English and French ancestry Italian roles: Actor Guardians of the Galaxy. Vincent, an acting instructor and theatre manager, in an artists' Long a vital, respected lady of the classic and contemporary stage this grand lady did not become a household name and sought-after film actress until age 56 when she turned in a glorious, Oscar-winning perf as Cher 's sardonic mother in the romantic comedy Moonstruck Since then movie and Vacarri , Jeffrey Mrs.

At the age of 3, his right eye was surgically removed due to cancer. He graduated from Ossining High School, where he was president of his class. His early career choices involved becoming a certified public accountant, Actress The Three Stooges. Is Portuguese Italian roles: Actor The Devil's Rejects. Dynamically entertaining heavyset US actor with piercing eyes, William Forsythe has a superb talent for playing some truly unlikable and downright nasty characters that dominate the films in which he appears! If you're cast as the hero against Forsythe's villain, then you have your work cut out for Scottish ancestry Italian roles: Gil Diamante , The Nail: One of Hollywood's most private and guarded leading men, Andy Garcia has created iconic characters while at the same time staying true to his acting roots and personal projects.

Actor Everybody Loves Raymond. His father was a hearing aid specialist working in geriatrics and his mother was a housewife. Garrett spent a whopping six weeks at UCLA before going into stand-up comedy full time. He began performing his Is Jewish; birth name Brad Gerstenfeld Italian roles: He was previously married to Dana Lavas.

Is Polish Italian roles: Since making her uncredited debut as a dancer in Beatlemania , Gina Gershon has established herself as a character actress and one of the leading icons of American camp. For it was fourteen years after her movie debut that Gina made movie history as the predatory bisexual who was the leading Is Jewish Italian roles: Actor This Is England. Stephen Graham was born August 3, , in the small town of Kirkby, Lancashire, to a pediatric nurse mother and a social worker father.

His paternal grandfather was Jamaican, and one of his grandmothers was Swedish. After years of small parts, he finally got his big break in an unexpected way, Born in Montclair, New Jersey in He discovered acting in his mid 20s in New York, where he was trained at Lee Strasberg's studio.

Then his deep voiced, tall and pale persona showed up on TV and films in His first leading roles were in Laws of Gravity and Clean, Shaven , the Is Irish Italian roles: Actor The Usual Suspects. Dan Hedaya is a familiar face from his work in films and on TV, where he often plays a villain although he had a good comic turn as the charmingly sleazy Nick Tortelli, Carla's ex-husband, in Cheers and its short-lived spin-off The Tortellis He has also done much stage work, He started his show business career at the age of six, when he was discovered by his manager, Jeff Mitchell of J.

Mitchell Management, walking down the street in Manhattan with his dad. He immediately was hired to appear in a Actor The Shape of Water. The following year, she appeared in another musical, Bravo Giovanni. Is Jewish; father immigrated from Romania; mother immigrated from Poland Italian roles: Actor The Thin Red Line. Elias Koteas was born on March 11, , in Montreal, Canada. Both his parents are of Greek descent. He also attended the Actors Studio in Intense is the word for Ray Liotta. He specializes in psychopathic characters who hide behind a cultivated charm.

Even in his nice guy roles in Field of Dreams and Operation Dumbo Drop , you get the impression that something is smoldering inside of him. Liotta maintains a steady stream Is Scottish; adopted by Italian-American parents Italian roles: Jersey Boys Nick Massi. Actor The Hateful Eight. Michael Madsen's long career spans 25 years and more than films in which he has played memorable characters in myriad box office hits, including: From a hit television drama to a medley of feature films, Roma Maffia graces the entertainment mediums with her trademark sophistication and charismatic appeal.

Although this may raise concerns about a possible bias, being familiar with the programme can also be seen as an advantage when it comes to interpreting the results of the study. Even though it is difficult to generalize on the basis of one case study, hopefully this research offers data which will be of interest to the wider translation training community. Universities in the UK offer different types of degrees in Translation Studies at different levels: Concerning masters-level programmes, universities either focus on translation alongside other types of studies comparative literature, interpreting, subtitling, TESOL, linguistics and intercultural communication , such as the MA in Translation and Linguistics at the University of Westminster, or offer programmes in specific language pairs MA in Chinese — English Translation at The University of Bristol or contexts MA in Translation in a European Context at Aston University.

Although these generalist programmes may differ in terms of the way the modules are organized throughout the academic year and their focus, they share many characteristics. Employing the MA in Translation Studies at the University of Birmingham as a case study can be particularly useful for translation training programmes sharing the same characteristics or aspects of this programme.

For example, these programmes follow the UK higher education system; include national, European and overseas students; allow students to work with a variety of languages; and give the students the opportunity to work on research and translation projects to complete the programme. Lecturers in such programmes are of different nationalities and have professional translation experience.

These programmes also offer students core and optional modules which aim at developing a range of translation-oriented skills, such as linguistic, intercultural, instrumental and social skills. A variety of research methods were employed in the present study. A questionnaire was initially used in order to collect background information about the trainee translators attending the Translation Studies programme at the University of Birmingham, to define the context of the study and the variables affecting translator training.

This preliminary approach was then followed by a translation task. The students were required to perform a translation task which included translating a text and simultaneously commenting on the translation according to a pre-prepared form. The source text was an excerpt from a tourist information brochure.

The text was also short to encourage students to participate in the study as the task can be time consuming. Students were required to translate the text into another language as they speak different native languages. They were asked to assume that the target audience was similar to that of the source text. Students were informed that they were free to use dictionaries or reference material and discuss their translation with whoever they wish and no time frame was given.

The trainees were asked to complete a form whilst translating. This provided them with a systematic way of recording all information related to their decision-making processes whilst completing the task. The form included six sections which allowed the participants to record: Literature on translation problems indicates that there is no agreement on a clear definition of what a translation problem is see Toury Therefore, no specific definition of translation problems was given to the students in order to examine the way they perceive these problems.

They were not provided with any specific classification of translation problems, information sources or strategies to avoid offering a list of predefined categories that would force them either to select a category, which may not reflect their actual response, or skip filling in sections of the form because they could not find an appropriate answer. The information resources were defined as hard copy documents such as dictionaries , electronic sources or human sources for example, a fellow student Gile Thus, the definition of strategies was: The data for this case study was collected at three stages during the academic year in the Autumn, Spring and Summer terms and the analysis involved a comparison of data between the three periods.

During the three stages of the data collection process, the participants were provided with texts of a similar genre tourist texts and length to translate no more than words. The data produced by the study was analysed using the appraisal system developed by Martin and White , within the framework of Functional Grammar Halliday and Matthiessen , for exploring interpersonal meanings by explaining and describing the way language users evaluate arguments, adopt textual stances and negotiate positioning and relationships White It served to examine the language employed by the students in discussing their translation decisions in order to investigate the way they positioned themselves in their arguments.

According to Martin and White Since the focus in the present study is on the stance adopted by trainee translators while discussing their translation decisions, the data provided by the students was analysed and discussed according to the Engagement domain of the appraisal system. Bare assertions obviously contrast with these heteroglossic options in not overtly referencing other voices or recognising alternative positions. As a consequence, the communicative context is construed as single voiced Martin and White Examining the system of engagement as used by the students will allow us to investigate the way they positioned their voices in respect to other voices in the communicative context construed while discussing their translation decisions.

According to the system of engagement, heteroglossic clauses can be divided into: In dialogic contractive, speakers or writers can either:. They indicate that their proposition is one of a wide range of possible positions by either:. The unit of analysis in functional terms is the clause complex: One of the problems with applying appraisal theory to the language used by the students is that many clauses included more than one token of evaluation which posed difficulty in classifying these clauses, as was the case in example Therefore, although in Functional Grammar the unit of analysis is the clause complex, it was more effective in the present study to consider both the clause complex and tokens of evaluation as units of analysis, and discuss the data accordingly.

Based on this, in example 1, we have two attitudinal clauses and four attitudinal tokens in the two clauses, each including instances of both denial and counter-expectancy. Because this was a small-scale study, data provided in the questionnaire was analysed manually. Raw frequencies and percentages were used to quantify the data. Percentage difference across the three stages was calculated using an online calculator [1] in order to examine whether there was a difference in the percentages of the raw frequencies in the data collected.

In the analysis, we focused on the most prominent patterns which reflected a change in the data collected throughout the academic year.

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A test of statistical significance was also performed in order to test whether there was a significant difference in the data provided by the students across the three stages. It has to be acknowledged that this methodology, coupled with the small sample size and the fact that a number of participants opted to leave the study before it was concluded, creates the possibility of several types of bias: In order for the conclusions made in this study to validated, the observations would need to be repeated with a new group and a clear hypothesis established before the start of data collection.

However, using this test helped us to determine how high or low the probability that the decrease or increase in the data throughout the three stages was due to chance. The chi-square test compares the values of the data proportionally where probability values P of 0. Thus, the null hypothesis H 0 in the present study is that any difference between the data presented by the students at each stage is due to chance, and therefore not significant.

If the calculated value of the chi-square is less than or equal to the probability value of 0. There was a drop-off of The data of the students who dropped out of the study was removed and therefore only the data of the twelve students four males and eight females who took part in all three stages of the study was included. It seems that the participants had many common characteristics: On the other hand, these participants came from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. The respondents who took part in all the three stages of the study were given codes according to their gender M for male and F for female , in addition to a numeric value added to each of these codes.

The two letter code system of languages ISO was also used to indicate the language of the target text. Most of the participants translated the text from English into their first language Chinese: DE as English was their second language. Only three of the students were native English speakers and therefore translated the text into their second language French: The decision to use English as the source language in this study may have affected the translators' levels of confidence, as students translating into their native language might present different levels of self-assertion than students translating into their second language.

However, this was alleviated by choosing a text with a certain level of syntactical difficulty that is meant to pose the same level of difficulty for both native English speakers and speakers of English as a second language, as previously mentioned. In addition, the interest in this study was in the way the translators perceived translation problems and justified their decisions rather than in how they approached these specific texts.

Clauses used by the students in the forms were categorised as monoglossic when they did not include any tokens of engagement, and heteroglossic when they did. Thus they were classified according to whether the students negotiated their decisions by making a reference to alternative voices and viewpoints or presented their justifications objectively, as is clear in example In this example, student F8FR justified including an explanation of her translation of the title of the text into French, using monoglossic and heteroglossic clauses.

In some cases, an elliptical subject and finite were assumed. Since these cases are less clear cut than those where the subject and finite are explicit, and they involve an extra layer of interpretation on the part of the researcher, these clauses were considered separately from the explicit ones, so as to offer a more transparent view of the analysis.

Table 1 gives an overview of results. By looking at Table 1, we can notice that the students used more monoglossic clauses than heteroglossic clauses while discussing translation problems, which is expected. A diachronic comparison shows that the number of monoglossic clauses increased by 2. This number further increased by 1. This suggests that students showed a stable preference towards monoglossic clauses throughout the programme. Concerning the number of heteroglossic tokens, the comparison of the three stages of data analysis indicates that the number of heteroglossic tokens used in the language offered by the students decreased by 0.

This supports the H 1, and suggests that the decrease in the number of heteroglossic tokens by the end of the year is not due to chance. Thus, despite the fact that no significant changes were observed in the number of heteroglossic clauses, the decrease in the number of heteroglossic tokens towards the end of the year is significant and the changes in the percentages of heteroglossic clauses and tokens are parallel and consistent with one another, as Figure 1 shows.

This could allow us to tentatively hypothesise that trainee translators become more assertive after following a translation training programme. The heteroglossic tokens provided by the students in the forms were classified into contractive and expansive tokens. This classification was based on whether the students included or excluded alternative viewpoints while discussing their translation decisions. When students included alternative viewpoints, they used expansive tokens of the type employed in example When students excluded alternative viewpoints, they used contractive tokens, similar to the one employed by student M2DE in example 4 below.

Both contractive and expansive tokens were employed by the trainee translators in their discussion of translation decisions. Comparing the number of contractive and expansive tokens out of the total number of heteroglossic tokens indicates that most of the tokens used by the students were contractive see example 4 above , challenging other textual voices, rather than expansive, through which they allowed alternative opinions to take part in the argument during the three stages, as in example 3 see Figure 2.

The percentage for the contractive and expansive tokens used by the students. The comparison of the percentages of expansive tokens across the three stages indicates that they remained stable, as Table 2 shows. This indicates that the change in the number of contractive tokens is not due to chance. This suggests that translation training affects the way students present their discussion of translation problems, making them less concerned about excluding alternative opinions and viewpoints while following a translation training programme.

The expansive tokens used by the students in the forms were of an entertaining type, where the students showed their subjectivity while opening their arguments for discussion, as is evident in example 5 below. Concerning the types of contractive token used, the students first proclaimed and limited the scope of their arguments by either pronouncing or concurring with different opinions, as is evident in examples 6 and The students also disclaimed and rejected contrary positions by either using counter expectancy conjunctions or negation, as is clear in example 8.

By classifying the contractive tokens employed by the students into disclaim and proclaim, we will examine whether the students excluded alternative opinions and closed down their arguments by challenging alternative textual voices, using tokens of disclaim, or by endorsing different opinions through the employment of tokens of proclaim.

This will help us investigate in more depth the changes in the manner in which trainee translators justified their decisions while following the translation training programme. The comparison of the percentages of disclaim and proclaim tokens used by the students out of the total number of contractive tokens indicates the overall prominence of disclaim tokens throughout the three stages, as Figure 3 shows. The percentage for the types of contractive tokens used by the students. Table 3 indicates that the percentages of tokens of proclaim remained stable across the three stages.

By comparing the percentages of contractive tokens of disclaim out of the total number of words, we find that the number of tokens where the students disclaimed alternative opinions decreased by 1. This result supports the H 1 and suggests that this is not due to chance and could be related to translation training. The decrease in the number of tokens of disclaim reflects the decrease in the total number of contractive tokens. This also suggests that the students become less willing to engage with alternative viewpoints after following a translation training programme.

This study of the engagement system in the data provided by the students indicates a decrease in the number of heteroglossic tokens by the end of the academic year in comparison with the beginning of the year. This finding may indicate that trainee translators adopt a more assertive positioning in their discussion of translation problems after following a translation training programme.

This assertiveness was reflected in the decrease in the number of contractive tokens, more specifically tokens of disclaim, towards the end of the year. This suggests that this assertive positioning on the part of trainee translators is signalled by fewer cases of heteroglossia used to challenge alternative opinions. Thus the students seemed to be less willing to engage with alternative viewpoints, which could be interpreted as an increased confidence in their own judgement.

However, it also suggests that trainee translators become less considerate of alternative viewpoints and opinions and thus, arguably, become less critical. This might necessitate a reconsideration of translation training approaches followed in such translation training programmes. It might also become important to reconsider priorities in translation training programmes in a way that helps the trainee translators to increase their ability to justify their decisions and claim their rights as active participants in the translation process. In this respect, the context of this study can be extended to include more than one translation training programme.

It is advisable to use a more homogenous sample of trainees within specific language pairs which would allow the researcher to also analyze the translated texts and examine the effect of following the translating training programme on their skills in translation. What Do They Need to Learn?

Martin, James Robert, and Peter R. Munday, Jeremy a Evaluation in Translation: Robinson, Douglas Becoming a Translator. An Accelerated Course , London, Routledge. I am currently a tutor and a second marker for the specialized translation projects at the University of Birmingham. My research interests are translation training and translation of news. Technologies are used in all phases of any translation process, from the reception of the source texts until the delivery of the translated texts. The use of translation technologies has been steadily increasing since their appearance in the field of professional translation, resulting in the birth of a wide variety of tools and resources.

Ever since, the very same technologies have generated the need to translate a range of formats that can only be translated using digital tools websites, smart-phone apps, TV apps, ecc. This course is based on the following premises: Finally, we present some proposals to complete and further expand its contents.

Dopo una panoramica della formazione in tecnologie per la traduzione negli stati italiano e spagnolo e una breve ricognizione bibliografica sulla didattica delle tecnologie per la traduzione, si descrivono i contenuti, i materiali e la metodologia didattica di un corso realizzato ad-hoc. Infine si presentano delle proposte che completano e ampliano ulteriormente il corso.

In the real world, we have to teach right now. La sezione 2 include una breve ricognizione bibliografica delle ricerche sulla didattica delle tecnologie per la traduzione e sulle competenze strumentali. La sezione 4, infine, raccoglie le considerazioni conclusive e cerca di suggerire un possibile schema di contenuti basato sul corso proposto che lo completi e lo amplii. Per quanto riguarda la formazione specialistica in traduzione, va sottolineato che non tutti i corsi di laurea a cui si riferiscono le informazioni riportate includono corsi di tecnologie per la traduzione.

Vari ricercatori si sono occupati di quali debbano essere i contenuti dei corsi di tecnologie per la traduzione. Si noti che Pym Il laboratorio era fornito di computer Windows connessi a Internet una postazione per ogni studente e di un proiettore, tramite il quale lo schermo del docente veniva proiettato sulla lavagna.

Gli studenti accedevano ai computer con un profilo privo di permessi di amministratore. Approfittando delle conoscenze degli studenti, infatti, la lingua veniva usata come lingua di lavoro e non come oggetto di studio. Per dirla con le parole di Diaz Fouces,. Oltre ai programmi e ai materiali didattici usati durante il corso, sono stati scaricati i plug-in dei correttori ortografici per browser, strumenti CAT ed elaboratori di testi, nelle lingue di arrivo dei partecipanti del corso.

Per la lingua italiana, sono stati usati i dizionari del progetto PLIO www. Entrambi i dizionari sono disponibili con la licenza libera GPL. Analizziamo nel dettaglio il contenuto delle sessioni nei paragrafi successivi. Nello specifico, in questa sessione si descrivono i concetti fondamentali delle tecnologie per la traduzione che si ritroveranno durante il corso, quali le fasi del processo digitalizzato della traduzione, la distinzione fra strumenti CAT e di TA, i vari tipi di localizzazione, le memorie di traduzione e il loro funzionamento segmentazione, importazione, analisi, corrispondenze esatte o parziali, pretraduzione, traduzione interattiva, esportazione, allineamento, formati, database terminologici, ecc.

I materiali didattici usati a questo scopo, dunque, consistono in slide da proiettare o da far avere agli studenti. Questo strumento, oltre a consentire allo studente di familiarizzare con i concetti fondamentali degli strumenti CAT tipi di corrispondenze, pretraduzione, TMX, ecc. I testi creati ad-hoc, quindi, devono contenere delle ripetizioni interne, corrispondenze esatte e parziali, terminologia, etichette, ecc. Questa sessione ha lo scopo in primis di far conoscere il linguaggio HTML in modo da fornire le basi per la sessione successiva sulla localizzazione di siti web.

Nella sessione successiva, il gruppo lavora alla localizzazione di applicazioni per smartphone e dispositivi portatili tramite la traduzione del programma di messaggistica istantanea Telegram. Infine, gli studenti possono esportare il file tradotto, scaricarlo, installarlo e avviarlo sul proprio smartphone nella versione da loro localizzata. I contenuti relativi alla localizzazione di app, tuttavia, possono essere espansi in modo da includere nella lezione altri linguaggi di programmazione in cui sono state create le altre versioni di Telegram, quali RESX un formato basato su XML per Windows Phone e strings per dispositivi iOS.

I file sorgente vanno dunque modificati in anticipo dal professore in modo che contengano delle stringhe scorrette. Il blocco di lezioni sulla localizzazione si chiude con una sessione dedicata alla localizzazione di software scritto in XML. A questo proposito, si esemplifica il processo di localizzazione del sistema operativo Ubuntu Linux tramite una piattaforma di crowdsourcing. Ogni studente, tramite un programma di registrazione audio, ha dovuto riprendere un messaggio di avviso nella lingua di destinazione, in modo che il file, salvato nella cartella corrispondente, venisse riprodotto automaticamente dal programma.

Oltre ai file localizzati, gli studenti dovevano rispondere, su un documento di testo, a domande relative al processo di localizzazione, successivamente consegnato. Interfaccia di TuxPaint localizzata in sardo dagli studenti. Abbordare il processo partendo dalle mansioni che lo costituiscono consente di svincolarsi dalla formazione basata su strumenti specifici e versioni di software che scadono col tempo.

Tuttavia, sulla base di questa esperienza, presentiamo di seguito una proposta complessiva di contenuti, suddivisi in categorie:. A nostro avviso, questo elenco fornisce una panoramica piuttosto esaustiva delle tecnologie per la traduzione. Technologies for endangered languages: The languages of Sardinia as a case in point. He holds an MA and a PhD in translation studies and his research interests include automation of the translation process, minoritised languages and free software.

There are several reasons for this delay in the production of books specifically written for children. Come afferma Townsend La nascita di un sistema educativo affidato alle scuole fu il fattore determinante per la diffusione di libri per bambini ed esso fu inizialmente appannaggio esclusivo delle istituzioni religiose; difatti i libri per bambini avevano lo scopo di istruire, impartire precetti religiosi e educare alla morale.

Per citare Hearne La studiosa sosteneva infatti che la posizione periferica di questa letteratura fece si che il traduttore di libri per bambini manipolasse il testo a suo piacimento, aggiungendo, eliminando e abbreviando. Secondo Shavit esistono inoltre cinque Systemic constraints Shavit Toury , in contrapposizione con le tradizionali teorie traduttive orientate verso il Source Text , preferisce un approccio orientato verso il Target Text. Nonostante la studiosa finlandese si allontani dalle teorie orientate verso il source text, i suoi studi sono difficilmente applicabili nella pratica: Quando si traducono testi rivolti ai bambini, bisogna prendere in considerazione un altro elemento di fondamentale importanza: Un altro dei processi traduttivi che va sotto il nome di cultural context adaptation comprende tutte quelle modifiche apportate in fase di traduzione, legate a fattori ideologici e morali.

Offerte Speciali Leggera:

Bond stesso afferma: Come afferma Klingberg Oittinen Trains were whistling , taxis hooting , porters rushing about shouting at one another. Trains were humming , loudspeakers blaring , porters rushing about shouting at one another. Possiamo nuovamente parlare di modernizzazione confrontando altre frasi delle due versioni:. I distinctly saw it. Over there—behind those mailbags. Over there— near the bicycle rack. Bears is sixpence extra […] sticky bears is ninepence!

Bears is extra […] sticky bears is twice as much again p. He can have one [shilling] and sixpence a week, the same as other children p. He can have a pound a week, the same as other children p. Le traduzioni italiane del testo che andremo ad analizzare sono: Entrambi i testi mantengono le illustrazioni originali a cura di Peggy Fortnum. A Bear called Paddington TT Tuttavia, in uno studio precedente Sezzi, Le due traduzioni riflettono anche due diverse immagini del bambino: Nella traduzione del , i nomi dei signori Henry e Mary Brown e dei loro due figli Judy e Jonathan sono rimasti invariati, nonostante siano tipicamente inglesi; anche Mr.

Gruber antiquario del mercato di Portobello e Lucy, la Zia di Paddington, mantengono il proprio nome in traduzione. Probabilmente le traduttrici hanno preferito lasciare invariati i nomi dei personaggi principali della storia per evitare che il target text risultasse totalmente stravolto. In entrambe le traduzioni, il termine viene adattato e reso comprensibile al lettore italiano; anche se non viene tradotto con un unico corrispettivo, ma cambia in riferimento alla scena e al contesto in cui appare.

Brown could answer he had climbed up and placed his right paw firmly on the bun. It was a very large bun , the biggest and stickiest […] Mr. Brown wished he had chosen a plain ordinary bun […]. After a big meal on a Sunday, Paddington had discovered he weighed nearly sixteen pounds. Dopo un abbondante pasto domenicale, aveva scoperto di pesare quasi sette chili. La traduttrice adotta la stessa strategia traduttiva anche nel caso della traduzione delle misure di lunghezza e delle taglie, riportando i valori secondo il sistema italiano.

Paddington followed the assistant, keeping about two feet behind him […] p. Nella traduzione del , si sceglie nuovamente di non inserire chiarimenti metalinguistici, ritenendoli superflui in questo specifico caso. Diversamente da quanto avviene nel target text del , in quello del la traduttrice sceglie di trasporre letteralmente la frase non inserendo alcun termine atto a specificare. Mamma vuole comprarti un completo nuovo da Barkridges. I take it the young…er, gentleman, will not be requiring this any more, Modom? Secondo Shavit , queste manipolazioni si basano su due fondamentali principi: They might have stood it the right way up.

Penso […] che qui si stia commettendo una grave ingiustizia: Penso […] che avrebbero almeno potuto metterlo dritto. Non capita tutti i giorni che un orso vinca il primo premio ad un concorso di pittura! Le differenze tra le due edizioni analizzate sono determinate inoltre: Baker, Mona In Other Words: A coursebook on translation, London, New York, Routledge. Giacobazzi eds , Appartenenze Multiple. Van Coillie, Jan and Walter P. Challenges and Strategies, Manchester, St. Peter Pan in Italy in a diachronic perspective Inoltre ha collaborato con la casa editrice Leconte di Roma, per la quale ha curato dei corsi di traduzione letteraria e una silloge di E.

The Mirror went through three English editions by , creating an English appetite for the Continental romance. Thus, Tyler participates in the medieval and Renaissance ideal of translatio translatio studii, translatio imperii , the transfer of cultural knowledge through linguistic translation. Tyler thus participates in the medieval and Renaissance ideal of translatio , the transfer of cultural knowledge through linguistic translation. In addition, Tyler is the first author to translate a romance directly from Spanish, a decision that profoundly affected English romance Boro In sixteenth-century England, a Spanish work seems an unlikely choice for popular success.

Inasmuch as a Spanish romance is an odd choice for sixteenth-century England, Tyler herself is an unlikely figure for success, given the fraught cultural conversations around women as writers and readers of romance. Despite such theoretical problems with romance, such works were frequently circulated, printed, and read in early modern culture, by men as well as women see Hackett While Tyler might be suspect as a woman writing romance, she is perhaps less controversial as a translator. Of course, such suspicion did not prevent women translators from publishing their work see Clarke Her choice of Thomas Howard as a dedicatee, for instance, allows her to frame modesty in gendered terms.

Despite these difficulties, the Espejo is in fact an astute choice for an English adaptation. I posit, in fact, that Tyler chose the Espejo deliberately for its ease of adaptation to English cultural and literary sensibilities. The Espejo is much more Continental than it is Spanish as far as its characters and setting are concerned. The main character, Trebatio, is a Greek knight who secretly marries a Hungarian princess, Briana.

Their bi-national twin sons, Rosicleer and the Knight of the Sun, travel in the prescribed romance manner to enchanted islands inhabited by giants. In addition to these varied nationalities, Espejo also features English characters: Briana is originally betrothed to an English prince, Edward, while the English king, Oliverio, along with his daughter, Olivia, feature in an episode where Rosicleer competes in an English tournament. In addition, as both Coad Rather than pursuing conflict with a foreigner, Tyler hosts and welcomes this stranger.

Tyler is essentially a master of ceremonies, introducing her readers to a new and important acquaintance. In doing so, she participates in the sixteenth-century surge in British nationalism most familiar from writers such as John Foxe, William Shakespeare, and Edmund Spenser Maly ; Escobedo Claradiana is an Amazonian princess who hunts and later fights with male knights; Tyler emphasizes instead the Hungarian princess, Briana.

At first glance, this emphasis indicates a shift from a more radical woman Claradiana to a more traditional one. Tyler also emphasizes the complex emotions Briana experiences at the birth of her sons: Tyler also includes metaphors and imagery that suggest English culture.

Such vocabulary, spread throughout the Mirror , is not overwhelming. One specific use of English vocabulary has historical resonance. These tensions grew steadily throughout the sixteenth century as English privateers turned from French to Spanish vessels in their pursuit of wealth McDermott In this scene, however, Trebatio appears to be a giant whom Edward tries to defeat, as any romance hero would. As the text progresses, Tyler moves from more subtle uses of translatio vocabulary, character descriptions to more overt statements of support for England.

Earlier in the text, Tyler references English succession to emphasize the difference between English and Continental views on royal inheritance. However, Clandestria, a Continental interpreter, is wrong: Oliverio may indicate a preference for his daughter to marry, but he does not suggest that the kingdom is jeopardized by her single status. The most obvious use of such language is in chapter 32, which depicts a tournament held by King Oliverio of England.

No foreign warriors are required. Tyler most obviously demonstrates her national pride with this declaration: In fact, it surpasses all other nations, none of which can compare to it. Tyler adds the specific reference to Gawain. Poor brave British Brandidarte is easily overthrown by the current giant. Nonetheless, by comparing an English knight to the famous Sir Gawain, Tyler evokes a long tradition of excellent English knighthood, not to mention the great English romances that praise such knights.

Wherein is shewed the worthinesse of the Knight of the Sunne, and his brother Rosicleer, sonnes to the great Emperor Trebetio: Printed Writings, , Volume 8: Margaret Tyler , ed.

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