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His grandson Raoul II took part with the premier barons in the court of William the Conqueror He was the Normand standard bearer in Narratives, more or less legendary, gathered around the family: At the start of the 12th century, the Norman chronicler Orderic Vitalis explains that the family was descended from Malahulce, uncle of Rollo. He came with Rollo, or Rolph the Ganger. Hugh De Calvacamp's father Malahulic was uncle to Rollo. Rollo was the leader of the group that our ancestors came with.

The "s" in Tosni is silent therefore sounding like Toney. He had a brother named Richard. He was the older of the two children. He is not mentioned in the Sagas and no other primary source has been found which either names him or links him with the later members of the Tosny family. Among the coins found in the "hoard of Fecamp' is a, "coin minted in the name of Hugh the Dane, datable to the s, is evidence that other semi-independent Viking leaders coexisted with the Rollonid family elsewhere in Normandy" p.

Furthermore, other evidence comes from, "An inscription on a tombstone, reused as building material for the abbey of Ttoarn, identifies the deceased as 'Hugh, soldier of Richard, king of the Normans [Hugo Miles Ricardi Regis Normandorum], who died on 7 February in an unstated year. The tombstone is decorated with motifs which can be dated to the early eleventh century" Elizabeth van Houts, 'The Normans in Europe', Manchester University Press, , p. Hughes I de Cavalcamp Seigneur de Conches had the following children: Notes for Hugh de Tosny: Monk at Saint-Denis before Archbishop of Rouen The Acta Archiepiscorum Rothomagensium record that "Willelmus filius Rollonis dux Normannorum" appointed "Hugo…monachus apud sanctum Dyonisium" as archbishop of Rouen, adding that he was "prosapia clarus, sed ignobilis cunctis operibus", had "filios…quamplures", and granted "Todiniacum…in dominicatu archiepiscopi" to "fratri suo Radulfo…filio Hugonis de Calvacamp"[].

The dates of his appointment and death are ascertained from Orderic Vitalis who records the death of his predecessor in , and that Hugues held the position for 47 years[]. Their existence is confirmed by the Acta Archiepiscorum Rothomagensium which record that "Hugo…monachus apud sanctum Dyonisium" had "filios…quamplures"[]. Their is no indication of their number, their names or the identity of their mother s. He died after 01 May AD in pr. Tosny, Eure, Evreux, Normandy, France. Generation 14 con't Notes for Esperling de Pitres et de Vaudreuil: Sprota was previously the concubine or wife of Guillaume I Comte [de Normandie].

Notes for Sprota de Senelis: After William died, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller; Rodulf of Ivry was their son and Richard's half-brother. It is possible that Sprota was Count Guillaume's concubine rather than wife, particularly as no reference has been found to a dissolution of any marriage before she married Esperleng.

After the death of her husband William, she became the wife of Esperleng and mother of Rodulf of Ivry. Her Breton origns could mean she was of Celtic, Scandinavian, or Frankish origin, the latter being the most likely based on her name spelling. The irregular nature as per the Church of her relationship with William served as the basis for her son by him being the subject of ridicule, the French King Louis "abused the boy with bitter insults", calling him "the son of a whore who had seduced another woman's husband.

William's steward Boto became the boy's godfather. After the death of William Longsword and the captivity of her son Richard, she had been 'collected' from her dangerous situation by the 'immensely wealthy' Esperleng.

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Rodulf, Count of Ivry several daughters who married Norman magnates". Esperling de Pitres et de Vaudreuil and Sprota de Senelis had the following child: He died in in Ivry la Battaile, Eure, Normandy. She was born in Castle Calcini, Caville, Normandy. Raou,l Radolph and Ralph as well as Rollo Hrolfir are equivalent and interchangable names according to contemporary sources see van Houts, "The Normans in Europe", , Macmillan, p.

The most comprehensive study of this family, particularly their land holdings, is by Lucien Musset, in French, and can be downloaded in pdf from the following website: Other sources and information include the following: The present town of Conches hes on the right bank of the little stream of the Rouloir, about eleven miles south-west of Evreux.

But the first abode of the Toenis was a place more than a mile to the west of Conches, which is now 'Cf Caumont, Called Vieux-Conches, and there Ralph de Toeni settled himself early in the eleventh century, building a fortress of which remains still exist. Near it a church of St. Ouen was built, and round it grew a little village bearing the same name as the church. After Ralph's death, however, his son Roger removed in about ?

Chatillon is now practically included in Conches, and one of the gates is still called the Porte de Chatillon. The abbey was variously known as Coenobium SS. According to the state of its fiefdoms, the "honneur" amounted to 50 or 51 knights' fiefs. The lands were mostly found in Haute-Normandie, more precisely between Risle and Iton.

Orderic Vitalis mentions four main castles in the barony in Conches-en-Ouche, Tosny, Portes, Acquigny. The Seine at this point ' Plan in makcs a horseshoe curve ', sweeping beneath the heights of Les Andelys on which the chateau stands, and which look across the river in a south-westerly direction over level, meadows enclosed by the river's bend.

Within this bend a spectator from the castle would see the two villages of Bernieres and Tosny, the former on the right hand, the latter a little nearer and on the left, close to the Seine. It is not without significance, as will shortly be seen, that in Cassini's large Atlas a place called Grange le Conches is to be found close to Tosny. Toeni and its meadows belonged, as has been stated, to the arch bishopric of Rouen, until alienated by the first Toeni's brother, to give a name and place to the family in which we are interested.

The Acta Archiepiscorum Rothomagensium record that "Hugo" archbishop of Rouen granted "Todiniacum…in dominicatu archiepiscopi" to "fratri suo Radulfo…filio Hugonis de Calvacamp. He is usually confused with his son Ralph, butthere is no authority for such identification, and the dates involvedshow that there must have been two Ralphs, belonging to successivegenerations.

The name Ralph is not a Scandinavian name, however it would make a good Christian version of Hrolf which is a common Norwegian name. As one of the top Normands, he set out to fight in southern Italy. A model aristocratic family: Generation 14 con't Formation of its power As with several Norman families such as the Beaumont , the origin of the house of Tosny's power derived from two sources: According to Lucien Musset, Hugues, archbishop of Rouen split off lands from his cathedral's lands and gave them to his brother Raoul I of Tosny grants of land by the dukes of Normandy, notably Richard II More unusually, the house of Tosny probably acquired part of its fortune from foreign adventures - Raoul I and Roger I fought in the County of Apulia and in Iberia in the first quarter of the 11th century.

The dangers in its history Raoul II of Tosny participated in the Norman Conquest in , and was rewarded with domains in England, most notably the two baronies of Flamstead Hertfordshire and Wrethamthorpe Norfolk. Three other family members were also rewarded: However, it seems that on the whole the Tosnys did not play an important role in England. In the Duchy of Normandy, they were particularly active during the troubles which followed William I's death and the subsequent conflict between Empress Mathilda and Stephen Nevertheless, the 12th century gives the impression of a decline in the Tosny family fortunes in comparison to some of the neighbouring houses in eastern Normandy, such as the houses of Beaumont-Meulan, Montfort and Harcourt.

In Roger IV of Tosny lost his continental fiefdoms as a result of his support for John and thus the family had to withdraw to England to begin again. In , its male line became extinct. The management of its goods Like all Norman barons, the Tosnys had fiefdoms scattered throughout Normandy and England. The family possessions thus stretched as far as the border of the duchy of Normandy. Nevertheless, the heart of their continental lands was centred around Conches-en-Ouche.

Part of their fiefdoms was let out to a small clientele of vassals. The family made grants to abbeys, notably to those they had founded themselves the Saint-Pierre de Castillon monastery c. After , as Lucien Musset remarks, the Tosnys showed themselves especially liberal to their English fiefdoms but avoided diminishing their Norman lands. The honour of Conches and of Tosny With its two axes, Conches-en-Ouche and Tosny in the bend of the Seine immediately upstream of Andelys , the barony of Tosny was a two-headed one.

The name of Raoul's wife is not known. The full extent of the de Tosny lands by the time of Orderic Vitalis and Guillaume de Jumieges writing in the 12th Century were vast. The text and Lucien Musset, 'Aux Origines d'une class dirigeante: Note that the two primary castles were at Acquigny where the rivers Eure and Iton meet , and at Portes near Neufbourg north of Conches.

The information on these holdings very extensive, throughout eastern Normandy is summarized on a detailed map on p. He died after in pr. Notes for Ralph Comte d'Ivry et Bayeux: Raoul and Ralph are equivalent names. She is named as wife of Raoul by Orderic Vitalis, who says that she built the castle of Ivry, executed the architect Lanfred to prevent him from completing a similar construction elsewhere, and attempted to expel her husband from the castle, but was killed by him. When Richard died in , Rodulf took effective power during the minority of his nephew, Richard II of Normandy,[5] alongside the boy's mother, Gunnor.

The counts of the duchy of Normandy were in place from around the year ; Rodulf is the first whose title can be attested by a document of Pierre Bauduin following David Bates states that territorial designations for these titles came in only in the s. Contemporary sources, and Dudon de Saint-Quentin, speak only of Rodulf as "count", never "of Ivry"; this is found only in later writers. Ordericus Vitalis, for example, calls him count of Bayeux. Historians now consider this erroneous, following the later Robert de Torigni, who makes Rodulf count of Ivry.

In strategic terms, Ivry was on the boundary of the duchy of Normandy, by an important crossroads on a roman Road, by the valley of the River Eure. Over some decades the Normans had struggled there against the forces of the county of Blois, after its control had reached Dreux. Hugues, bishop of Bayeux c. He died about Notes for Hugh d'Ivry et Bayeux: Bishop of Bayeux Norman Nobility. He died before Notes for John d'Ivry et Bayeux: He became archbishop of Rouen when his friend Lanfranc declined the position.

As archbishop he was a reformer, campaigning for clerical celibacy from In he with Roger de Beaumont was in effective charge of Normandy. He is known for his liturgical work Tractatus de officiis ecclesiasticis; it was officially adopted in the diocese of Rouen. It was written at the request of Maurilius, his predecessor as archbishop; it had only a limited impact in promoting uniformity in Normandy.

The early spelling of the surname was "Todeniaco", a variant that son Robert would use on the inscription on the lid of his coffin. Other branches of the family tended to use Toeni, including those of the other Robert, of Stafford son of Roger. A few years later, for an unknown reason, the pair were forced into exile. While his father gained a reputation for himself in Apulia. See also Pattou, http: Melus fled to the Papal States following the defeat.

Meeting Henry II in Bamberg, the Pope was accompanied by a large number of Italian secular and ecclesiastical leaders, including Melus. But Melus, just a few days later, died on April 23, He sent Archbishop Pilgrim of Cologne ahead with a slightly smaller army along the Tyrrhenian littoral with the objective of subjugating the Principality of Capua.

The Byzantine troops could not be forced into a pitched battle and Henry II was forced to turn back, his army weakened by diseases and suffering heavy losses. It is likely that Ralph returned to Normandy about , and died in battle in that year see Stewart above. Tosni, Eure, Evreux, Normandy, France. She died about She was born about in Normandy, France. He died in in Spain. Notes for Raoul de Tosny et Conches: An illegitimate son of Raoul who accompanied Roger to Spain Stewart, p.

Pattou gives the name of a brother of Roger as Raoul. She died after He died before 14 Sep Generation 15 con't Notes for Bertha de Tosny: Her connection with the Tosny family is confirmed by the charter dated which records the consent given by "Rotbertum de Toeniaco, avunculum domni Johanni monachi nostri, filii Widonis de Valle" to the donations by the latter to Marmoutier, authorised by "Berengerius filius eius". The remaining question is the identity of her father.

Her connection with the Tosny family is confirmed by the charter dated which records the consent given by "Rotbertum de Toeniaco, avunculum domni Johanni monachi nostri, filii Widonis de Valle" to the donations by the latter to Marmoutier, authorised by "Berengerius filius eius"[]. The date of her marriage is estimated from the charter dated 11 Nov in which her two grandsons are named see above. If this document is correctly dated and this is open to doubt as discussed further above , Berthe could not have been the daughter of Roger [I] de Conches.

There are two other possibilities. Either she was the daughter of Raoul [II] de Tosny or she was the related to Robert de Tosny, who was Lord of Belvoir in and whose precise relationship with the main Tosny family has not been ascertained. The monks of Marmoutier record a donation by "Guido, castri…Vallis…in pago Cenomannensi conditorem ac possessorem", with the consent of "suorumque filiorum…Haimonis…Gervasii atque Guidonis, simulque Agnetis", by charter dated to [], witnessed by "…Rotrudis uxor predicti Widonis, Gualterius filius eius…".

If this report is correct, Rotrude must have married before [], the estimated date of death of her father. The monks of Marmoutier record the division of Laval fair and market profits with "Guido de Valle", with the consent of "filii eius Hamon, Hildelinda, Agnes, Hildeburgis et Guido et Gervasius" by charter dated to [], witnessed by "…Rotrudis supradicti Guidonis uxor, Gualterius filius eius…". He died after Notes for Berengar de Tosny et Espinay: The primary source which confirms his parentage has not Generation 15 con't yet been identified.

His name suggests that he was the brother of Robert [II] de Tosny, whose son is also recorded with the name Berenger. The name of Berenger's wife is not known. The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. It is possible that it results from confusion with Berenger, son of Robert [I] de Tosny. It is not possible to date the donations in this document. It is not therefore known whether the donation was made by Berenger, son of Robert [I], or an otherwise unrecorded Berenger who may have been the son of Berenger Hespina. In fact the name Berenger was current in Normandy before this time".

Spina in documents of the time refers to a place in France. Residing at Spineta, or Espinay in Normandy. Hujus rei testes fuerunt Signum Radulfi de Toieno. It seems from the double appearance of Berenger Spina that the subscriptions were added on a different occasion from the attestations, presumably when ducal approval was obtained. However, no source was cited for the person or the relationship and it appears to be a misplacement of Berenger [son of Robert] who is otherwise omitted.

In fact the number is apparently small, just three charter occurrences of Berenger Spina or Hespina and this fourth case where an individual surnamed Spineta cannot be connected with any certainty to the Tosny family. She was born about in pr. She died before in Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire, England. Notes for Basilia Mahaut d'Ivry et Bayeux: See entry for husband Richard de Beaufou. Daughter of Raoul d'Ivry and Aubree, her name is uncertain. Emma, married Osbern "the Steward" 1.

Hugh d'Ivry, Bishop of Bayeux 2. Basilia, married Richard fitz Herluin aka Richard de Beaufou 3. Attempts to find the parentage of Richard de Beaufou have not proved successful, however one author states, "One of Hugh II de Montfort's two wives was a daughter of Richard de Beaufour, a descendant of William I of Normandy.

Particularly frustrating is that there is an unpublished study of the de Beaufour family, which does not appear to be readily available see Jean Fournee, 'Une ancienne famille de Normandie: She is named as wife of Raoul by Orderic Vitalis, who says that she built the castle of Ivry, executed the architect Lanfred to prevent him from completing a similar construction elsewhere, and attempted to expel her husband from the castle, but was killed by him[].

Bishop of Bayeux Hugues had [two] illegitimate children by an unknown mistress or mistresses: After her husband died, she became abbess of St Amand at Rouen. Norman Nobility, Chapter 6. Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk: Further corrections at http: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. Searle, Eleanor Predatory kinship and the creation of Norman power, University of California Press, c Keats-Rohan DP p] Sources for this Information: Searle PredatoryKinship p], child: It can be followed Generation 16 con't for four generations beginning here: This was Ralph Fitz-Walter, whose name occurs frequently under the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk ; as also does that of Ralph de Bellofago, or Beaufoy, who was the same person or his son.

Ralph was sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, temp. Agatha, eldest daughter and coheir of Fulke de Beaufoy, married, at the end of the twelfth century, Robert Aguillon, whose eldest daughter and coheir married Robert de Cokefield. To both these families are assigned a fleur de lis for a coat of arms ; and to Beaufelde, gules a fleur de lis ermine. Assuming this latter to be synony mous with Beaufoy, it is pretty clear that this armorial de vice was inherited by Cokefield from Aguillon, and by Aguillon from Beaufoy.

From the period of death, this might seem to be brother of Ralph Fitz-Walter alias Beaufoy ; but if this family and Auberville were identical, as supposed vide post , this could not be. Ralph Fitz-Walter was probably lord of Beaufoy by marriage, as, according to Du Chesne, his son and heir, Richard " seigneur de Beaufoy " makes a charter, a. If so, the bishop might have been uncle of Richard's mother. Unfortunately the accounts of the early Norman Beaufoys are confused and contradictory.

The English translator of Ordericus Vitalis, in a note, vol. Otherwise it may be substantially correct, it being there stated that Ralph was sire of Beaufoy, ; Richard, his son and heir, , who had three daughters and three sons - Richard, the bishop ; William, the second, a knight, in the service of William Rufus ; and Robert, the eldest, who, with his two sons, William and Richard, became monks of Bee, leaving his daughter Emma heiress of Beaufou, who married Robert Baynel, who took the name and arms of Beaufoy, and whose family, in the thirteenth century, ended in coheiresses.

Further attempts to link Richard de Beaufour with others include: Antiquaries often give Heloise as the daughter of Sigfried de Guines, but this is incorrect. Heloise is the daughter of Raoul de Guines, who controlled Guines and married an heiress of St. Achard was also known by the equivalent names Ansgot or Crespin de Bec. Achard is a brother to Turold and Turquetil de Neufmarche, which is why the family of Herluin figures so prominently in the history of families such as de Ferrars and de Heriz.

John is indeed the brother of Serlo de Burgh as proposed by certain antiquaries. Herluin de Bec was also known as de Conteville and de Tonsburgh, or simply de Burgh. However, I believe that the holding of Hericourt and the name de Heriz passes from the descendents of Herluin de Bec to the descendents of Gerold de Roumare, a son of Walter "Giffard.

This is a Generation 16 con't matter I am presently attempting to understand. It should be noted that the sons of Robert de Beaufou became associated with a religious life at Bec in their latter years. This seems very unlikely: He died in in pr.

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Notes for William de Beaufou: Came over with William the Conqueror see entry for brother Ralph. He died in , and was succeeded by William de Bellofago de Beaufeu , also known as William Galsagus William's land holdings were mainly in the county of Norfolk and Suffolk. He was a royal clerk before he was nominated to the see of Thetford on 25 December and consecrated in He was probably related to Richard de Beaufou Bishop of Avranches from to Re Bishoprick of Thetford Blomefield - Thetford says: He died about in pr.

Hockering, Norfolk, Generation 16 con't England. She died after 29 Sep He was the son of Raoul I of Tosny. While his father gained a reputation for himself in Apulia, Roger did the same in fighting the Muslims in Iberia. The small Christian states of Northern Iberia welcomed volunteers and adventurers who they could use to mount a strong force for the Reconquista.

Roger was summoned by Ermesinde of Carcassonne, regent-countess of Barcelona after the death of her husband Ramon Borrell, to help her against the Muslim threat to her power. Roger rushed to help, marrying Ermesende's daughter, terrorising the Saracens and capturing several towns and castles. He gained the nickname Mangeur de Maures Moor-Eater. Then Roger allowed some of these prisoners to escape, to spread these horrific rumours. Before , Roger and his father gained permission from Richard II to return to Normandy, and Raoul died soon afterwards. Roger de Tosny founded Conches-en-Ouche.

This monastery was one of the first baronial foundations in Normandy. The foundation charter reveals that the lord of Tosny gave it a small possession around Conches and his forest. In , Robert I's death began a troubled period in the duchy of Normandy. Civil wars multiplied and Roger whose relations with his neighbours was already argumentative was one of the main players in them.

According to the Norman chroniclers, the lord of Tosny refused to serve the new duke, the future William the Conqueror, due to his being a bastard. He especially took advantage of the weakness of the duke's power by ravaging his neighbours' lands, notably those of Humphrey of Vieilles. Humphrey sent his son Roger to face Roger of Tosny, and around the latter was killed in battle, and his two eldest sons died a few weeks later of their wounds. Peace was re-established between the Tosny family and the neighbouring families.

More detail of Roger's activities in Spain is found in other near contemporary sources, as described by Stewart: He was a powerful and haughty man, and banner-bearer of all Normandy. In or he attested a charter of Robert I for St. About he founded the abbey of Chatillon or Conches. While Duke Robert was away on pilgrimage, he went to Spain and distinguished himself in fighting the infidels. When he returned to Normandy, he was furious to learn that the boy William had succeeded his father in the Duchy, declaring that a bastard ought not to rule over him and other Normans.

Accordingly he rebelled and ravaged the lands of his neighbours, particularly those of Humphrey de Vieilles; whose son Roger de Beaumont marched against him,and in the battle which followed Roger de Toeni and two of his sons were slain. He married,perhaps 2ndly, Godeheut, whose parentage is unknown.

He died as above,probably in or , and was buried 1 May at Conches. She was a benefactor to Conches. He founded the abbey of Conches in The apparent duplication of these names is difficult to explain.

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While in Spain, he married, either Etienette of Barcelona or, according to later research, Adelaide ofBarcelona. It is assumed that this marriage proposal took place in or soon after: The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. The fortifications on the south-east look down a steep declivity to the stream below.

His place of burial is confirmed by the charter dated to [] under which Henry I King of England confirmed the foundation of Conches by "Rogerius senior…", quoting the confirmation by "Radulphus de Totteneio cum Godehilde matre mea" for the burial of "patris mei Rogerii". The Miracles of Sainte-Foy recount her being cured of a serious illness by miracle, when she was still married to her first husband.

She married secondly Richard Comte d'Evreux. Stewart considers the evidence to be consistent with Roger having three wives - "Roger may have been married only once, or possibly three times: After the death of Roger, Gothilde married Evreux and had three more children and hence she must have been much younger than Roger. As to the cirumstances and dating of Roger's return to Normandy, and the consequences for his former wife, Stewart states, "The Sens chronicle claimed that Roger had spent fifteen years with his wife before deserting her and returning home, where he was married to a Norman lady by Aug according to the more reliable Miracles of Sainte-Foy.

Actually Stewart is skeptical of the 12th Century authors who provided the narrative for the above story, including Roger deserting his wife after 17 years, and in the process also leaving behind 20 knights and all his possessions. On May 7, , his body and those of his wife and children were rediscovered and solemnly attested ". See also Van Houts for information from contemporary sources, and the statement about him marrying the daugther of Ermendsend of Spain p.

He died on 31 May Notes for Heibert de Tosny et Conches: Notes for Helinant de Tosny et Conches: Notes for Vuaso de Tosny et Conches: Vuaso filius Rogerii Tothennensis Ralf de Todeni had distinguished himself about the time of the battle of Mortemer, in the year , and was the person whom Duke William sent to Henry I. All the lands of Ralf de Todeni in this county, comprising many berewites and smaller portions, were valued with his great lordship of Necton, in South Greenhoe; with the exception of half a carucate and thirty acres, held by a freeman, at a place called Esterestuna Sturston , in Grimshoe hundred.

He was also found to have unlawful possession of a portion of land, valued at 12s.

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Ralf de Todeni died in , and was buried with his ancestors in the abbey of Conches, in Normandy,2 which his father had founded. He, with his wife Isabel, and his sons Roger and Ralf, founded the priory of West Acre, in this county. Sahani-Tony still records his name. To-day I claim quitance of the service, for I would serve you in other guise. I will go with you into the battle, and will fight the English as long as life shall last, and know that my hand will be worth any twenty of such men.

The standard should be borne by one who can endure long labour; I shall be in the battle, and you have not any man who will serve you more truly; I will strike with my sword till it shall be dyed in your enemies' blood. Never had I such good means of serving you as I now have; and if God please, I will serve you, and will give my own heart for yours. Hugh de Tosny, archbishop of Rouen, was the source of their fortune.

Roger I de Tosny fought the Muselmans in Catalogne. Robert de Toeni was on the list of companions of William the Conqueror at Hastings and was lord of Stafford with the possessions of seven earls. His brothers, Roger II and Beranger, also had considerable domains. Notes for Adeliza de Tosny: The necrology of Lyre monastery records the death "6 Oct" of "Adeliz uxor Willelmi hujus loci fundatoris". The necrology of the monastery of Ouche records the death "6 Oct" of "mater Willelmi Britolii Adeliza".

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He died in in Stafford, England. Notes for Robert de Tosny Lord of Stafford: Henry I King of England confirmed donations to Conches, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Octona" made by "Robertus de Stafort filius Rogerii de Totteneio" with the consent of "filio meo Nicholao", by charter dated to []. A similar record in the same source is: His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [] under which Henry I King of England confirmed donations to Conches, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Octona" made by "Robertus de Stafort filius Rogerii de Totteneio" with the consent of "filio meo Nicholao".

It is far from certain that this information is accurate. Henry I King of England confirmed donations to Conches, including the donation of "ecclesiam de Octona" made by "Robertus de Stafort filius Rogerii de Totteneio" with the consent of "filio meo Nicholao", by charter dated to [][]. Stewart disagrees with the above noting that 15th Century documents appear to have confused grandfather and grandson with the former being buried at Evesham and the latter with his wife Avice de Clare at Stone.

This Robert, and the Robert de Todeni from the Battle Abbey and other rolls are often confused in the records, but one was Lord of Belvoir and the other Lord of Stafford. The reason why the latter is attributed to Roger via Gothilde is shown in the above charter where the Robert of Stafford is clearly identifed as the son of Roger.

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Ego, Robertus de Stafort, filius Rogerii de Totteneio" p. So the de Toeni name was still being used by Neel's apparent grandson. Having as a first son a Nicholas also is consistent with the interpretation. Also this Robert was always known as "Robert of Stafford" which suggests that he may have been young when arriving in England and adopting the name of his father's manor. Robert de Todeni, however, never used Robert of Belvoir, always staying with the name he was doubtless born with and grew up with being an adult at the time he arrived in England.

The weight of evidence suggests that both Ralph and Neel were younger brothers of Roger de Todeni de Conches. There has been considerable confusion between Robert de Todeni Lord Belvoir who came over with the Conqueror,whose eldest son was Berengar; and one Robert de Toeni Lord Stafford, whose eldest son was Nicholas. The confusion can be peeled away by looking at the name of the first son of each Robert and relating it to earlier generations. One single copy of a charter which could be a misprint or error of some sort has led to this immense confusion.

The following would appear to confirm this supposition: Nigel de Toeni or De Stafford, a younger brother of the standard bearer's, held Drakelow, Gresley, and some other manors in Derbyshire and Staffordshire at the date of Domesday; the former "by the service of rendering a bow without a string; a quiver of Tutesbit? The weight of Generation 16 con't evidence suggests that both Ralph and Neel were younger brothers of Roger de Todeni de Conches.

Notes for Robert de Tosny Lord of Belvoir: Robert's connection to the de Tosny family is shown in the following Priory Charter: Notitia de conventione Rotberti de Toeniaco avunculi domni Johannis monachi nostri. Nosse debebitis si qui eritis posteri nostri Majoris scilicet hujus habitores monasterii Sancti Martini Rotbertum de Toeniaco avunculum domni Johannis monachi nostri, filii Widonis de Valle, quicquid sibi reclamabat in possessione de Guarniaco concessisse totamque ex integro possessionem illam auctorizasse Sancto Martino et nobis, tali pacto ut si quando monachus apud nos esse voluerit et frater ejus nomine Berengerius Spina cognominatus hoc velit et concedit illi si vixerit, nec ipse refutetur a nobis Affuit cum illo Berengerius filius ejus qui factum patris auctorizavit.

In all likelihood this land is part of Roberts patrimony. See pages 72 and 74 of Musset; and the map reproduced from page 69 of the same source and may be viewed here: In Fauroux, he states, "Berenger De Todeni son of Robert de Tosny of Belvoir was named after his father's brother Berenger Spina, all three occur in a Marmoutier charter of , when Berenger, probably still an adolescent, authorizes an agreement made by his father". Van Houts notes that in Norman times it was common for adolescents and boys age 10 or even younger to act as witnesses to charters such as these.

Their father would typically give them a slap or worse in order that they would remember the day and what was attested to p. Hence it is not clear what age Berengar was in This cartulary evidence is the most important document in the identification of this branch of the de Tosny family. Stewart's grasp of Latin allows us to learn that in other charters relating to Marmoutier the lands being granted were those in Vesly and Guerny in the Vexin area - a considerable distance Generation 16 con't south of the Tosny lands.

It suggests that the younger children of Raoul II may have been given lands not tied to the main home bases at Tosny and Conches. What is more to the point though, is that the charter of above specifically notes that Robert de Todeni's lands were at Guerny. Stewart assumes without any reservations that this Robert and Robert of Belvoir are the same person. At this time the Marmoutier Priory was a popular religious house for donations by Norman Barons, despite its location at a distance in the Loire River Valley see Green, , p. It was probably Robert de Tosny Toeni, Todeni whose name appears on the various Battle Abbey and similar rolls of those who supplied ships, men and materials to William the Conqueror, and were awarded with land grants in England vast holdings.

Historical Companion toWilliam I Event: These Were the commanders. They Were Granted the lordships. The list Does not include the Estimated The spelling of Toeni is linked to the family of Ralph, son of Roger. It is likely that at his age, Robert of Belvoir has amassed a substantial fortune which he used to support the Conqueror's need for ships and other supplies including knights. The Dives - Sur - Mer list is taken from the plaque in the church at Dives-sur-Mer, Normandy, France, where William the Conqueror and his knights said mass before setting sail to invade England in It lists all the knights who took part in the invasion.

The following widely distributed list is reported by at least one researcher to be a fabrication. Some could have died or whatever early lists have been mistranscribed, or additions were made from the Domesday Book of It includes the following: Ralf de Todeni, or Toeni now Thesny was hereditary standard-bearer of Normandy, but declined to carry the standard at the Generation 16 con't battle of Hastings, that his hands might be freer for the fight.

Descendants of Fornjotur Kvenland King

The authority for both statements is Wace's Roman de Roii. England, of which the caput appears to have been at Fhimstead, Herts. Robert de Todeni, the Lord of Belvoir, had nothins; to do with the standard. It can only be a blunder of some late antiquary to assert that he had.

It is not even known for certain what relation he was to Ralf. In his otherwise excellent work, Pottou has included a Robert, father to Robert, whose existance cannot be proven. What is clear is that Robert de Todeni whose son Berengar authorized his father's gift to the monks of Marmoutier Abbey had a sister the widow Valle and a brother Berengar Spina noted in the document see below. Thus Robert must have been older than most authors would allow since his nephew was born , and the most parsimonious interpretation is that there was only one Robert with an eldest son Berengar. We will soon see how confusing this family is when considering that Robert de Toeni Lord of Stafford was buried about the same time as Robert above and has in some cases it has been assumed that the two are the same although Robert de Stafford is stated to be a son of Roger Toeni of Conches in a charter.

So with this in mind, here follows a biographical sketch of the Robert de Todeni who is presently buried in the Castle at Belvoir which he built beginning in For a list of the many manors most in the Leistershire regions in the possession of Robert de Tosny see http: Probably, a motte castle was built at Belvoir no later than the 's, a structure that would have been quite typical of its day. Robert de Todeni was also responsible for the construction of a priory adjacent to the castle, and was buried inside the chapel in Having been unearthed in the 18th century, Robert now rests inside the castle still in his coffin!

Actually this is a dating problem, and it is certain the Robert was buried in and his wife before this, There appears to be a confusion of Ralf and Robert in many documents - although this appears to relate to Ralph, nephew to Robert of Belvoir. Although his ancestry is unknown, it is likely that he was a member of this family. He founded Marmoutier in []. Lord of Belvoir The identity of this Robert de Tosny is uncertain. Her parentage is indicated by the Pipe Roll which records "Adeliz uxor Rogi Big…tra patris sui de Belueder" in Lincolnshire[].

Henry I King of England confirmed the donation of "decimas de Hokeringhe, de Swanetuna, de Depham, de Bukestuna, de Mercheshale" by "Hubertus de Ria…Agnes de Belfo uxor eius…cum Ricardo filio suo" to Holy Trinity, Norwich, at the request of "Henrici filii et heredis ipsorum", by charter dated to [][]. However, it cannot be excluded that she was in fact his paternal aunt.

Keats-Rohan "Succession to the fee of Belvoir has been discussed as a problem several times over the years, Generation 16 con't but perhaps the issue is actually straightforward once one has identified the key players. Around the time of Domesday Book, a few years before his death, Robert founded Belvoir priory with his wife Adelais. Early charters of Belvoir mention their sons William and Geoffrey and their daughter Agnes.

At his death, Robert's lands were divided between Berengar, his eldest son and Norman heir - co-incidentally an English tenant-in-chief in his own right - and his next son and English heir, William. Presumably some provision was made for the third son Geoffrey. As it happened, all three sons were to die without issue, which meant that rights of succession passed to Robert's daughters.

Initially, the sole right of succession passed to Robert's eldest daughter Albreda, who inherited the tenancies-in-chief of both her eldest brother Berengar and her younger brother William before the date of the Lindsey Survey, which shows her husband Robert de Insula in charge of both honours. It has always been assumed that Albreda was the widow of Berengar who took his land to a second husband, but the idea is clearly untenable once the full story of the Belvoir succession unfolds.

The references in confirmation charters of the Lincolnshire abbey of Newhouse to 'the fee of Albreda de Tosny'' is an indication that the wife of Robert de Insula was a blood relative and heiress of Berengar, rather than his widow. This view is confirmed by the necrology of Belvoir priory, where the anniversaries of Berengar and Albreda uxor eius, deo sancta a phrase always referring to a religious in this document were kept on 29 June. All doubt is removed by a charter of c. The phrase also usefully confirms that Albreda de Tosny and Albreda wife of Robert de Insula were the same.

Robert de Tosny had two other daughters, of whom the youngest was Agnes. She confirmed her father's grant of land at Aslackby, Lincolnshire, to Belvoir priory as being part of her marriage portion on her first marriage to Ralph de Beaufour of Hockering fl. Widowed in the early twelfth century, she married secondly Hubert I de Ryes, castellan of Norwich, to whom the tenancy-in-chief of Hockering was given by Henry I. At a similar date she attested the charter which William de Albini pincerna gave for Wymondham priory on the day his wife Matilda Bigod, Agnes's niece, died.

Agnes follows her sister Adelisa Bigod in the witness list, where she was accompanied by her daughter Almud and a niece or granddaughter nepta Muriel. The elder of Robert de Tosny's younger daughters was Adelisa, wife of Roger Bigod at his death in It is probable that Roger was married only once, although he is usually credited with two wives of the same name on the inconclusive evidence of a pro anama clause in a charter of his son William. Roger and his wife Adelisa gave charter for Rochester priory which referred to their sons and daughters and was attested by their children William, Humphrey, Gunnor and Matilda.

This charter tellingly refers to King Henry, making it highly unlikely that Roger acquired a second wife and second family before his death in It is likely that Rogers' children were born from the late s onwards, and that the youngest of them were Hugh and Cecilia. Roger's daughters Gunnor and Matilda were married soon after Gunnor's marriage to Robert fitz Swein of Essex had perhaps been arranged by her father. Matilda was married to William de Albini pincerna by Henry I who bestowed 10 Bigod fees on her as a marriage portion.

In the sole surviving issue of Robert de Tosny were his younger daughters Adelisa Bigod and Agnes de Beaufour, who was then already married to Hubert de Ryes. At that date his Bigod granddaughter Matilda de Albini was probably already dead and her sister Gunnor not long removed from her second marriage to Haimo de St Clair.

The conclusion from this must be that Adelisa succeeded Albreda in the Generation 16 con't fees of both Berengar and Robert de Tosny as next surviving sister. When she in her turn died she left issue of both sexes. Her sole surviving son Hugh succeeded his aunt Albreda - and by extension, her eldest brother Berengar - as heir both to Berengar's tenancy-in-chief in Lincolnshire and the Norman lands of Robert de Tosny of Belvoir. His tenancy of Robert's Norman lands is shown in a Norman record of where he is named as holding land of the fee of Conches and Tosny.

More important in terms of size in England, the lordship of Belvoir was nonetheless the lesser of the two Tosny lordships because it as not associated with their Norman heritage. As the inheritance of a woman married to an important tenant-in-chief it could be expected to pass to one of her younger children and not her husband's principal male heir. Since she had no surviving younger sons after , the devolution of Belvoir to one of her daughters was inevitable. Gunnor and Matilda had long since been provided for from their father's inheritance by the time, after c.

Consequently it was the youngest daughter Cecilia - quite probably a mere infant at her father's death in - who became her mother's heiress. She was, of course , an heiress whose marriage could advantageously be used to reward one of the king's loyal new men. Cecilia's marriage to William de Albini Brito has been said to have occurred as early as on the basis of a Belvoir charter given by Ralph de Raines and attested by Roger Bigod, but it certainly took place much later. The Belvoir charter just mentioned probably begins to the early s.

In fact the number is apparently small, just three charter occurrences of Berenger Spina or Hespina 4. Susan Johanson's library Note: Both were dead by Robert also had the following children whether also by Adelais or another wife DD doesn't specify 1. Berenger eldest son no issue 2. Agnes youngest daughter married first to Ralph de Beaufour, secondly to Hubert de Rye 3. Robert de Todeni, a nobleman from Normandy 'amongst the most distinguished companions in arms of the Conqueror.

Here de Todeni erected a stately castle and from the fair view it commanded, gave it the designation of Generation 16 con't Belvoir Castle. He married an Adela and died in The Descent of Belvoir by Judith A. Newspaper" More information about Robert with a pedigree chart clearing up many misconceptions perpetuated over the years , in relation to his ownership of Belvoir and Priory can be found in the catulary evidence in the possession of the Duke of Rutland a direct descendant , and found here: For example it includes an undated document showing the lands given by Robert to the Priory: Of these tithes the monks were seised, in his time, for many days and years.

He and his older barons are prepared to affirm this before the archbishop, where they can come to him, saving their bodies. He was originally buried in the chapel of the Benedictine Priory he had built in neighbouring Lincolnshire. When the priory fell into disrepair in the 18th-century, his Norman coffin lid and entire stone tomb was discovered and taken back to the Outer Chapel at Belvoir, where it rests in the north-west corner.

He was a Norman baron, and accompanied Duke William in his expedition against England, and was one of his standard bearers. For his distinguished services at Hastings, the victorious duke and monarch rewarded him with the eighty lordships he possessed in twelve English counties at the time of the first general survey of England. On one of his estates in Lincolnshire, and on the border of Leicestershire, he erected a castle which he named Belvoir, from its commanding position, and this became his chief seat.

Robert de Todeni, or Todenei, the first feudal lord, or baron by tenure, of Belvoir Castle, died in , leaving issue by his wife Adela, five children, of whom the eldest son and heir was Succession to the fee of Belvoir has been discussed as a problem several times over the years, but perhaps the issue is actually straightforward once one has identified the key players.

Presumably some provision was made for the Third son Geoffrey. The references in confirmation charters of the Lincolnshire abbey of Newhouse to 'the fee of Albreda de Tosny' is an indication that the wife of Robert de Insula was a blood relative and heiress of Berengar, rather than his widow. Notes for Adeliza FitzOsulf du Plessis: They were hated by the English to the third generation, and it was not safe during that period to go about without a strong military escort ; their dwellings also needed to be carefully guarded, no Norman being safe from ambuscade, and their families needed constant protection.

It is said that no Norman family retained possession of any lordship for three generations, unless one of their chiefs married an English wife. Robert de Todeni married Adela, daughter of Osulf fil. Franc, who was lord of Belvoir in the time of Edward the Confessor. The best they could typically do was marry the Norman who was given their lands. It seems that at some point someone added that Adelezia's father was FitzOsulf du Plessis and Frayne - which is highly unlikely and an apparent interpretation of an English name. However, looking at the entry for her father Osulf, it would appear that the latter was Norman.

Mary's Priory there. By Domesday, de Todeni held 80 manors in 13 counties, most of them in Lincoln and Leicester, and six of which had been held by Oself his father in law. Generation 16 con't Adeliza died before Robert, who died in and was buried at St. Mary's Priory in Belvoir. According to Dugdale, Robert and Adeliza de Todeni had four sons: Another source says they had a daughter Adeliza who married Roger Bigod. Robert de Todeni was succeeded by his second son William as Lord of Belvoir. Then, interestingly, it was passed to William de Albini Brito, son of Adeliza by her first marriage.

It was afterwards held by Adeliza de Toeni wife of Roger Bigod. Thus Belvoir stayed in the family either way. This is explained here: The first Lord of Belvoir There are doubts concerning his place in the Tosny family, but it is probable that he was the brother' of Roger 1 de Tosny ob. There is no doubt, however, that Robert was grandfather of Cecily of Belvoir, who carried the great Belvoir fee to her husband, William d'Aubigne Brito and their progeny 2.

Much confusion in the early history of Belvoir arose from the identical naming of Robert's son, William, second Lord of Belvoir, and the Breton Williams who succeeded after Adeliza, Robert's daughter. A perhaps greater confusion, however, followed from the unusual coincidence of the two grand-daughters marrying men from towns with similar names but of different regions. The first definitive account of the family and pedigree of Robert of Belvoir, correcting the flawed attempts of Dugdale, Nichols, Burke and others, was that of the eminent scholar and genealogist, J.

The name Plessis was of topographical origin, signifying [O. F] a pallisade, and [Lat. Raoul seems to have been the son of Hubert de Rye, to whom was entrusted the governorship of the castle and county of Nottingham, and who is frequently mentioned in Domesday Book.

Such military and political alliance usually stemmed from familial and consequent topographical connections. Later acts of the Abbey of Conches support this notion, with this Fresne family being noted as feudatories of the Anglo-Norman Toeni family, holding of them land centred around Mesnil-Hardray, canton Conches. In the same regard, Grimoult du Plessis was lord of le Freyne," Hypothesis 3: There are those who believe that Robert de Tosny married Adeliza de Savona. Here is a typical reference: Here the dates are out of sync, however.

Tosny, Eure, Normandy, France. He died before 29 Jun Notes for Berengar de Tosny: Affuit cum illo Berengerius filius ejus qui factum patris auctorizavit; Carte Belv no 1, undated foundation record of Belvoir priory: Beringerius domini Roberti filius; Carte Spald no 5, attestation to charter of Ivo Tailebois dated Berengerus de Todeni dedit in Lestingham unam carrucatam terre, in Spantona sex, in Mispertona Kirkeby viij carrucatas et dimidiam, in Dalby iij, in Scakelden sex bovatas, in Lindeshai unam carrucatam terre et in Binne broke ecclesiam et iiijxx acras.

Berengerus de Todenei in Lestingaham j carucatam terre, in Spantona vj, in Kirkabimispertun viijo et dimidiam, in Dalebi iij, in Scacheldena vj bovatas terre, in Lindesi in Bec j caracutam terre, in Binnebroke quater xx acras terre Berengerus de Todenai ix acras terre et Generation 16 con't dimidiam in Finmara et iiij carucatas terre in Hunchilebi et decimam suam de Daltona et juxta Cheremunt dimidiam carucatam terre Berengerus de Todenei ecclesiam de Binnebroc.

Albreda became a nun, were kept on 29 June BL Add. Notes for William de Tosny: Carte Belv no 1, undated foundation record of Belvoir priory: Rodbertus de Thodeneio et Willelmus filius ejus. William succeeded his father, who probably died ca , as lord of Belvoir-see preceding n. He disappears from the record after this occurrence and there is no proof of when he died. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up.

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