Lalibela in thirteenth century Ethiopia (Great Sacred Sites Series Book 2)

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Christian Ethiopian art

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Withoutabox Submit to Film Festivals. Amazon Renewed Refurbished products with a warranty. For much of this period, the Solomonics did not have a fixed capital, but moved across the country according to the seasons and their needs. The Solomonics were as active as patrons of the arts as their predecessors, and endowed churches with hundreds of precious gifts.

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The rock-cut church of Gannata Maryam , a few kilometers south-east of Lalibela, features an almost complete set of murals depicting saints, angels, and motifs inspired by the New Testament. The church also features a portrait of Yekunno Amlak. Numerous illuminated manuscripts, particularly Gospel books , were created between the late thirteenth and early fifteenth centuries.

The earliest surviving Ethiopian icons also date from this century above and below.

Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela - UNESCO World Heritage Centre

While other artistic mediums used during the fifteenth century are largely indebted to the art of the fourteenth century, the icons feature new iconographic motifs and the lines are more elegant and sinuous and the figures have less rigid poses. To make matters worse, the conversion to Catholicism of Emperor Susenyos in soon plunged the country into a civil war, for many of his subjects refused to adhere to the religious beliefs and liturgical practices that the Jesuit missionaries present in Ethiopia wanted to enforce.

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The conflict lasted until his abdication in favor of his son Fasilides in The art produced during the mid-Solomonic period reflects the difficult situation the country was in. The practice of decorating manuscripts with pictures and geometric motifs declined considerably, and few crosses and churches have been confidently attributed to the sixteenth century. Moreover, although numerous icons from this period have survived, these seldom achieve the linear elegance of painted panels from the fifteenth-century.

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The ascent to the throne of Fasilides in marks the beginning of a period of renewed stability for Ethiopia and the Solomonic dynasty. Fasilides ordered a new a capital, Gondar, about 50 kilometers north of Lake Tana the largest lake in Ethiopia. The adoption of a circular plan for the construction of churches becomes standard as opposed to the longitudinal format of the basilica.

Scholars usually divide the Gondarine period into two stylistic phases. The first Gondarine style above , is characterized by the use of bright colors and the absence of shading. The clothing, often embellished with decorative elements, is usually painted in red, blue or yellow and the folds are indicating with simple parallel lines. The contour lines are well-defined and the modeling of the face is executed using a plain coral red resulting in an unnatural effect. Works painted in the second Gondarine style below , which was developed roughly during the reign of Iyasu II , have darker shades of color; the contour lines become lighter and a more delicate use of shading confers volume to the bodies and faces of the figures.

A number of new themes, many of which were inspired from books printed in Europe, appear during the eighteenth century and it becomes increasingly common to find depictions of donors and patrons. This period, which lasted almost a century, saw a decline in the prestige, influence, and authority of the Solomonics, and witnessed the rise of a number of regional warlords who fought against each other for supremacy.

Church of Saint George. Retrieved 29 May The Eighth Wonder of the World".



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