El Maestro de Jarcia (Spanish Edition)

It is the mountains, the forests, the rivers. For centuries we have lived freely in these lands. Now they are going to deprive us of that right. More hydro projects would follow, he warned. They are going to disappear beneath the water. The webpage on which this piece appears includes a video file and an audio file — to access these go to http: The Government of Panama GOP plans to build a large number of hydroelectric dams in the next few years, most in western Panama on major rivers in the provinces of Chiriqui and Bocas del Toro.

After returning from Panama, Ellen Lutz again contacted me to see if it would be possible for me to visit Charco la Pava and possibly other communities that would be affected by Chan I have a Ph. A revised version of my dissertation was published as a monograph Young Details can be found on my academic CV at http: The mayor of the municipality and the governor of Bocas del Toro Province called in the police who arrived in full riot gear, used tear gas, and beat men, women, and children with their batons.

We left on the bus to Changuinola at 1: He introduced us to Ismael Quintero and Elario Santos, both politically active community leaders from Guayabal. Lucia had arranged with them to be our guides on the trip to Charco la Pava. We left Risco about 1: The terrain was a series of very steep ridges and valleys and the trail was muddy all the way and downright swampy in places. This is not the usual way to get from Valle de Risco to Charco la Pava, but Ismael and Elario said there were police posts along the usual route and that police were patrolling the area since the events of January 3.

On January 6, we walked to Valle del Rey. A community meeting was quickly organized, which began about I was asked to explain who I was and why Adan and I were there. Then several men spoke, mostly in Spanish for my benefit, about how the community members had not been consulted by either the GOP or AES before the company moved in heavy equipment and began road building and dam construction, in the process destroying the crops of some and imperiling their supply of riverine resources as gravel excavation and construction muddied and polluted the waters of the river.

Those present were unanimously against the construction of Chan 75 which, they pointed out, would flood their lands and leave them with nothing and nowhere to go. We left Valle del Rey about 2 pm, crossed the Changuinola River again, and walked about 45 minutes, arriving at Charco la Pava about 3 pm. People were already gathering for a meeting, which began about 3: Once again I was asked to introduce myself and explain who I was and why I was there. I was asked a few questions about where I worked, what kind of work I did, and in what ways I might be able to help them.

Then the testimonies began. Most of the people present were from Charco la Pava but there were also people from Guayabal and Valle del Rey. Several of those present at this meeting had been jailed during the demonstration on January 3 and they told of brutal treatment by the police. Several women who had been jailed also spoke of their mistreatment by the police and some of them told of how their children, including two infants, had been beaten or knocked to the ground by the police and some of the children jailed.

Some of the mothers had their children who had been jailed stand with them as they spoke. Francisco also gave his own testimony, pointing out that some people blamed him for the presence of AES because he had signed a document. He said that the document he signed was only to grant a feasibility study and that AES had promised him a copy of the study for the community.

At least this is what he understood. But, he said, the company did not provide him with a copy of the study. Instead they simply came in with bulldozers and other heavy machinery and began road construction.

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All those who spoke at the meeting were against the construction of Chan There was inevitable repetition in the points made by those who spoke. This word is an example of a Llanito tendency to apply an English pronunciation to words that are legitimately Spanish but also happen to have a common root with the English version. They are the other side of the far more common mistake; our corruption of English words. As we can hardly have been able to anglicise Spanish without knowing English it is quite possible that these words originated when education began to improve in Gibraltar and English was taught at school.

Also one who does things in excess for the sake of very little in return. It is also used in this sense in Gib but it also has other uses. The word can also be distorted to 'la apendi' which in turn becomes 'la pendi'. But we have also exported a few. For a start all the Spanish Dockyard and MOD workers who acquired any skills at work were trained locally and all the technical terms they learned were English ones. The majority of Gibraltarians found it difficult to pronounce this word correctly.

This is an abbreviation of the Spanish ' tabacalada'. Eventually the word even lost some of its association with contraband as such and was used to refer to money or goods that had been obtained illegally. This eventually replaced castor oil whose ingredients none of us knew or wanted to know. Blackstrap was also the name of a cove between Catalan and Sandy Bay as well as the semi-bay along Eastern Beach. Perversly Yanito for 'pump' is 'pompa', presumably because of the Engish 'p' in 'pump. Perhaps we can be thankful that in Gib we still call firemen 'los bomberos' and not 'los pomperos'.

Botijo acquired its local meaning because Dutch gin earthenware containers were widely used locally as hot water bottles because of their heat retaining properties.

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El Britannia y nadie ma - Michael Vela. The advent of military service for locals, during and for decades after the war, introduced this British slang into Llanito vocabulary with the same, if not wider, applications as in the UK. The only difference is that there it is usually shortened to 'bull' whereas in Gibraltar we prefer the full Monty. The Spanish definition is 'cruel' or 'savage' and refers to the African Kaffir. The Gibraltar version, however, has far more to do with unacceptable behaviour.

Apparently 'cafre' is commonly used in Greece with almost identical meaning to that given to it in Gibraltar. When the mole was constructed during the Dockyard and harbour works of the 's, a large wooden frame which looked like a box was sunk into the seabed prior to being filled with stone and concrete. I have included the word in this dictionary because for Gibraltarians it will always conjure up images of this small beach village on the Eastern side of the Rock. The following ditty probably dates from before WW2: For many years during my youth, most of the films shown at the 'Rialto Cinema' could easily have been classified as 'camelos'.

Most of the buttons used at the time were those used by the R. Royal Artillery who were always present on the Rock, unlike the resident battalions which kept changing. The word was usually said of a half-educated individual who over-dresses and puts on airs and graces or has social pretensions. The nouveaux-riche among the 'estraperlistas' often qualified for this epithet.

The word 'capullaso' is used for extreme cases. One famous use of the word, however, referred to a fountain. This was an ugly concrete affair that was once found just beside the old market place. Its shape could best be described as either that of an enormous flower bud or that of the top of a penis. As it was built by the City Council during one of Mr.

La Caseta del Med - This is the original floating boat house. It has just been brought on to dry land s Unknown.

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In days gone by convicted prisoners were 'sent to the tower'. In Gib they are sent to the Moorish Castle where the civil prison happens to be situated. Hence 'el Castillo' - as in - 'Lo han mandao al Castillo'. One team would bow down in a row leading off a wall the other team jumping individually on top of the weakest, till the whole team was piled on top. A count of them would then be made by the team underneath, whilst those on top would try their best to topple those below.

If they were successful in breaking the link, they could start anew, otherwise it became the other team's turn. If anyone on top were to touch the ground at any time, it would have been immediate disqualification. The cry of "Chichilahava mi caballito manso! It is virtually impossible to imagine a thoroughbred Llanito ever using the phrase 'tira la basura al vertedero' Cieso - a hard and unsympathetic individual. The most striking thing about this sequence was the sudden change in tone, from deeply respectful to downright vitriolic. If, on the other hand, a Gibraltarian wanted to express admiration for somebody he would usually precede his eulogy with an obsequious: A fisherman who wished to boast about his fishing exploits to his friends would invariably stretch out his arm and indicate on it the length of his catch with his forefingers.

To ensure that this rather dubious gesture was not misunderstood he would also add: Our Jewish Community has always been highly esteemed for their fine confectionery, which makes one think that this might just be the origin of this word. There are no horse chestnut trees in Gibraltar so Oak Apples - which could be found at the bottom entrance to the Rock Hotel - were used instead.

When these became scarce, local boys resorted to ordinary Spanish Chestnuts. Thus was the game of conkers introduced to Gibraltar.

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The word 'cucos' can be translated as 'pretty', 'cute' or 'dainty' which panties are usually designed to be. On the other hand the word 'calzones' has various meanings, all related to pants of one kind or the other. One possibility is that as woman's pants became less cumbersome and daintier the term 'calzoncitos cucos' may have become common and may have eventually evolved to the shortened version of 'cucos'.

Spanish is ' bragas '. Un daif en el Rogi - the result of this one would be known as 'un planchaso' Rosia Bay. Les renseignements fournis par ces textes concernent en premier lieu sa biographie: The Theatre in the Spanish Republic. But this barraca will be unusually versatile, taking to wheels and travelling about the countryside when it wearies of staying in one place, setting up its house in the squares and the market places of towns and villages ail over Spain. For this barraca is a theatrical venture, undertaken with government sanction by stu- dents at the University of Madrid who are planning to revive the old Spanish classics and produce the newest experimental plays.

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The project was announced in Decemberwith all the impressiveness which accom- panies officiai acts of the new Spanish Republic2. But this is much more than a bit of midnight enthusiasm. It has been acceptad by the Republic as an integral part of its educational plan, has been granted the officiai approval of the Minister of Education 3 and given a state subsidy of three hundred thousand pesetas with which to meet expenses. The expenses will be limited to mate- rials demanded by the productions, for none of the people engaged in the enterprise will be professionals or receive salaries.

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All of them will be students, or friends of the idea. The project will center at first in Madrid. And in the suramer we will tour Spain. That will also carry the scenery. And Luis Cernuda11, and many others. It used to be the most important means of popular instruction, popular exchange of ideas. We are going to give it back to them in the terms in which they used to know it, with the very plays they used to love.

We will watch to see which the audience prefers You see we really are very much in earnest. He put on at least one old miracle play in the Alhambra16, and with Manuel de Falla staged a folk music festival that attracted attention ail over Spain. His popularity with the students is echoed by the students popularity with the new Republican government. En la Universidad — La Barraca.

La tierra, el fuego, el aire, el agua. En la Universidad Internacional. Dalt de l'escenari, els artistes de la companyia de Margarida Xirgu caminen agru- pats, formant una mena de romeria, i mentre uns aixequen i mouen els bracos enlaire, altres fan dringar uns cascabells o repiquen de mans, com en una zambra gitana. Aquesta escena i la de les bugaderes resulten une cosa excepcional. No he vist res — responc sincerament —. Els actors no parlen amb naturalitat. Sembleva que no us volien deixar fugir. No hi pue fer mes. I quina gran actriu! I quina gran catalana! Els decorats de Tobra, de Francesc Fontanals, li semblen insuperables.

Genial, genial, Salvador Dali7. Nosaltres ens fem l'honor de rcproduir-la textualment:. L'acte era organitzat per l'Escola d'Infermeres de la Generalitat de Catalunya.

La sala estava plena a vessar. Seguidament pren la paraula el poeta Federico Garcia Lorca. Els gitanos no son aquelles gents que van pels pobles, espellifats i bruts ; aquells son hongaresos. En el meu llibre hi ha un sol personatge. Un sol personatge que omple do cap a cap l'obra.

Jo vaig proposar-me fondre'ls en un de sol6. Hi ha un tros que diu: Es el raes representatiu de la pena andalusa8. Fa notar, respecte el romane. Recordem, entre altres persones: Sortia de l'assaig del Principal. Un noi de dinou anys, un gran artista que ha il-lustrat el meu darrer poema: