LIBRO XIX DE POESÍAS ANDALUZAS: (POESÍA ANDALUZA ACTUAL nº 19) (Spanish Edition)

He is thought to have derived his pen name from the Czech poet Jan Neruda. In , at the age of 16, Neruda moved to Santiago [10] to study French at the Universidad de Chile , with the intention of becoming a teacher. However, he was soon devoting all his time to writing poems and with the help of well-known writer Eduardo Barrios , [13] he managed to meet and impress Don Carlos George Nascimento, the most important publisher in Chile at the time.

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Both works were critically acclaimed and have been translated into many languages. Over the decades, Veinte poemas sold millions of copies and became Neruda's best-known work, though a second edition did not appear until Almost one hundred years later, Veinte Poemas still retains its place as the best-selling poetry book in the Spanish language.

Rangoon was a place he had never heard of before. While he was in the diplomatic service, Neruda read large amounts of verse, experimented with many different poetic forms, and wrote the first two volumes of Residencia en la Tierra , which includes many surrealist poems. She died in , spending most of her life with a foster family in the Netherlands after Neruda ignored her and her mother took what jobs she could after their divorce. Half that time was during the Nazi occupation of Holland, when birth defects denoted genetic inferiority at best.

As Spain became engulfed in civil war , Neruda became intensely politicised for the first time. His experiences during the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath moved him away from privately focused work in the direction of collective obligation. Neruda became an ardent Communist for the rest of his life. He lost his post as consul due to his political militancy. Neruda's marriage to Vogelzang broke down and the couple divorced in His ex-wife moved to Monte Carlo and then to the Netherlands with their only child, and he never saw either of them again.

Following the election of Pedro Aguirre Cerda , whom Neruda supported, as President of Chile in , Neruda was appointed special consul for Spanish emigrants in Paris. There he was responsible for what he called "the noblest mission I have ever undertaken": Neruda's next diplomatic post was as Consul General in Mexico City from to In , after the failure of an assassination attempt against Leon Trotsky , Neruda arranged a Chilean visa for the Mexican painter David Alfaro Siqueiros , who was accused of having been one of the conspirators in the assassination.

This enabled Siqueiros, then jailed, to leave Mexico for Chile, where he stayed in Neruda's private residence.

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Neruda's relationship with Siqueiros attracted criticism, but Neruda dismissed the allegation that his intent had been to help an assassin as "sensationalist politico-literary harassment". In , after his return to Chile, Neruda made a tour of Peru , where he visited Machu Picchu , [22] an experience that later inspired Alturas de Macchu Picchu , a book-length poem in twelve parts that he completed in and which expressed his growing awareness of, and interest in, the ancient civilizations of the Americas. He explored this theme further in Canto General In Alturas , Neruda celebrated the achievement of Machu Picchu, but also condemned the slavery that had made it possible.

In Canto XII , he called upon the dead of many centuries to be born again and to speak through him. Bolstered by his experiences in the Spanish Civil War, Neruda, like many left-leaning intellectuals of his generation, came to admire the Soviet Union of Joseph Stalin , partly for the role it played in defeating Nazi Germany and partly because of an idealist interpretation of Marxist doctrine.

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In , Neruda was awarded the Stalin Peace Prize. Upon Stalin's death that same year, Neruda wrote an ode to him, as he also wrote poems in praise of Fulgencio Batista , "Saludo a Batista" "Salute to Batista" , and later to Fidel Castro. His fervent Stalinism eventually drove a wedge between Neruda and his long-time friend Octavio Paz , who commented that "Neruda became more and more Stalinist, while I became less and less enchanted with Stalin.

Although Paz still considered Neruda "The greatest poet of his generation", in an essay on Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn he wrote that when he thinks of "Neruda and other famous Stalinist writers and poets, I feel the gooseflesh that I get from reading certain passages of the Inferno.

No doubt they began in good faith [ Neruda also called Vladimir Lenin the "great genius of this century", and in a speech he gave on June 5, , he paid tribute to the late Soviet leader Mikhail Kalinin , who for Neruda was "man of noble life", "the great constructor of the future", and "a comrade in arms of Lenin and Stalin".

Neruda later came to rue his seduction by the personality cult, explaining that "in those days, Stalin seemed to us the conqueror who had crushed Hitler 's armies. Anxious not to give ammunition to his ideological enemies, he would later refuse publicly to condemn the Soviet repression of dissident writers like Boris Pasternak and Joseph Brodsky , an attitude with which even some of his staunchest admirers disagreed.

The breaking point for Senator Neruda was the violent repression of a Communist-led miners' strike in Lota in October , when striking workers were herded into island military prisons and a concentration camp in the town of Pisagua.

Borges stated, "I think of him as a very fine poet, a very fine poet. I don't admire him as a man, I think of him as a very mean man. So I felt he was behaving very wisely in avoiding a meeting that would have been quite uncomfortable for both of us. A few weeks later in , finding himself threatened with arrest, Neruda went into hiding and he and his wife were smuggled from house to house hidden by supporters and admirers for the next thirteen months.

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Neruda later moved to Valdivia , in southern Chile. Neruda's life underground ended in March when he fled over the Lilpela Pass in the Andes Mountains to Argentina on horseback. He would dramatically recount his escape from Chile in his Nobel Prize lecture. Once out of Chile, he spent the next three years in exile. His trip to Mexico in late was lengthened due to a serious bout of phlebitis. What ancient night does a man touch with his senses? Loving is a journey with water and with stars, with smothered air and abrupt storms of flour: While in Mexico, Neruda also published his lengthy epic poem Canto General , a Whitmanesque catalog of the history, geography, and flora and fauna of South America, accompanied by Neruda's observations and experiences.

Many of them dealt with his time underground in Chile, which is when he composed much of the poem. In fact, he had carried the manuscript with him during his escape on horseback. A month later, a different edition of five thousand copies was boldly published in Chile by the outlawed Communist Party based on a manuscript Neruda had left behind. In Mexico, he was granted honorary Mexican citizenship.

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The Chilean Socialist Party was in the process of nominating Salvador Allende as its candidate for the September presidential elections and was keen to have the presence of Neruda, by now Chile's most prominent left-wing literary figure, to support the campaign. Del Carril eventually learned of his affair with Matilde Urrutia and he sent her back to Chile in She convinced the Chilean officials to lift his arrest, allowing Urrutia and Neruda to go to Capri, Italy. Now united with Urrutia, Neruda would, aside from many foreign trips and a stint as Allende's ambassador to France from to , spend the rest of his life in Chile.

By this time, Neruda enjoyed worldwide fame as a poet, and his books were being translated into virtually all the major languages of the world. But being one of the most prestigious and outspoken left-wing intellectuals alive, he also attracted opposition from ideological opponents. The Congress for Cultural Freedom , an anti-communist organization covertly established and funded by the U. Central Intelligence Agency , adopted Neruda as one of its primary targets and launched a campaign to undermine his reputation, reviving the old claim that he had been an accomplice in the attack on Leon Trotsky in Mexico City in The affair was particularly painful for Neruda because of his previous outspoken support for the Cuban revolution, and he never visited the island again, even after receiving an invitation in After the death of Che Guevara in Bolivia in , Neruda wrote several articles regretting the loss of a "great hero".

In , Neruda was nominated as a candidate for the Chilean presidency, but ended up giving his support to Salvador Allende , who later won the election and was inaugurated in as the first democratically elected socialist head of state. During his stint in Paris, Neruda helped to renegotiate the external debt of Chile, billions owed to European and American banks, but within months of his arrival in Paris his health began to deteriorate.

In , Neruda was awarded the Nobel Prize , [37] a decision that did not come easily because some of the committee members had not forgotten Neruda's past praise of Stalinist dictatorship. But his Swedish translator, Artur Lundkvist , did his best to ensure the Chilean received the prize. Shortly thereafter, during a search of the house and grounds at Isla Negra by Chilean armed forces at which Neruda was reportedly present, the poet famously remarked: Even reports from the pro-Pinochet El Mercurio newspaper the day after Neruda's death refer to an injection immediately beforehand. His popularity with the students is echoed by the students popularity with the new Republican government.

En la Universidad — La Barraca. La tierra, el fuego, el aire, el agua. En la Universidad Internacional. Dalt de l'escenari, els artistes de la companyia de Margarida Xirgu caminen agru- pats, formant una mena de romeria, i mentre uns aixequen i mouen els bracos enlaire, altres fan dringar uns cascabells o repiquen de mans, com en una zambra gitana.

Aquesta escena i la de les bugaderes resulten une cosa excepcional.

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No he vist res — responc sincerament —. Els actors no parlen amb naturalitat. Sembleva que no us volien deixar fugir. No hi pue fer mes. I quina gran actriu! I quina gran catalana! Els decorats de Tobra, de Francesc Fontanals, li semblen insuperables. Genial, genial, Salvador Dali7. Nosaltres ens fem l'honor de rcproduir-la textualment:. L'acte era organitzat per l'Escola d'Infermeres de la Generalitat de Catalunya. La sala estava plena a vessar. Seguidament pren la paraula el poeta Federico Garcia Lorca. Els gitanos no son aquelles gents que van pels pobles, espellifats i bruts ; aquells son hongaresos.

En el meu llibre hi ha un sol personatge. Un sol personatge que omple do cap a cap l'obra. Jo vaig proposar-me fondre'ls en un de sol6. Hi ha un tros que diu: Es el raes representatiu de la pena andalusa8. Fa notar, respecte el romane. Recordem, entre altres persones: Sortia de l'assaig del Principal.

Un noi de dinou anys, un gran artista que ha il-lustrat el meu darrer poema: Son una cosa naturalment extraordinaria. El que, quan l'estrena, interpretava Josefina Tapies. No hauria pogut somniar trobar. Abans de l'estrena — L'autor ens diu. Como canta una ciudad de noviembre a noviembre. De Noviembre a Noviembre una guirnalda de canciones: Apostillas a una cena de artistas.

Y acto seguido, una carcajada que quitaba a este desplante toda su posible acritud.. Lo esperaba todo menos eso. Yo ahora — sigue: Es necesario volver a esto. En la calle, la lluvia, y el cristal, en la ventana. Que se mueve, que pasa a nuestro lado. Todas las personas de mis poemas han sido. Con ello respondo a tu pregunta. No, no se puede hablar. Fue el producto de mis escritos en prosa.

Mi primer libro — todo el mundo lo sabe — fue un libro en prosa. He dado al teatro muchas horas de mi vida. Tengo un concepto del teatro, en cierta forma personal y resistente. Yal hacerse habla y grita, Hora y se desespera. En parte tienen la culpa los actores. No es que sean malas personas ; pero Quiero estrenar un traje de primavera.

Mis primeras comedias son irrepresentables. Pero para demostrar una personalidad y tener derecho al respeto, he dado otras cosas. Escribo cuando me place. La rosa mutabile de un libro de rosas del siglo xviii. Y sin embargo, no la he escrito. Lo dice constantemente con su acento ceceante 6. Yo lo tengo visto. Uno es rico, otro es pobre. Uno lleva la barriga llena, y el otro pone sucio al aire con sus bostezos. Y el rico dice: Tengo hambre, mucha hambre. Nueva York es terrible 9. Han levantado casas y casas ; pero no han ahondado en la tierra. Se vive para arriba, para arriba.

En el tren veo cambiar las cosas, sucederse los paisajes y las vacas tristes. Pero nadie me habla. Te preguntan algo y tu dices: En un viaje por la Mancha, me detuve en el pueblo de Infantes.