20% Of Young Adults Used Illegal Drugs In 2012 (OPEN MINDS Weekly News Wire Book 2013)
An estimated , more people aged took ecstasy over the past year compared to two years ago, according to figures released on Thursday. About 49, more used the hallucinogen LSD over the same period.
An estimated one in 20 young people have used ecstasy in the past 12 months, according to the latest data. Use of LSD is still much lower, with around 0. In an effort to combat an increase in the numbers of new designer drugs, a recent bill was introduced that would ban all new psychoactive substances.
The figures also illustrate how young adults remain the most likely age group to take drugs: The survey found that use of new psychoactive substances NPSs , more commonly referred to as legal highs, was generally concentrated among young adults. Those young adults who took NPSs were most likely to acquire them over the counter.
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The survey results also appears to indicate a rise in the number of people mixing different drugs. Professor Fiona Measham, who chairs a working group on polysubstance use for the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs , said that the increase in the number of year-olds using ecstasy from 3. Separately, figures released by the Health and Social Care Information Centre show that the numbers of young people aged 11 to 15 who have ever tried smoking, drinking or drugs are at their lowest levels since More than 6, pupils in schools in England were asked a series of questions about smoking, drinking and drug use.
The results are consistent with a continuing decline in the number of children trying tobacco over the past decade. Cannabis remains the drug most likely to be sampled by young people: The brain is wired to encourage life-sustaining and healthy activities through the release of dopamine.
Everyday rewards during adolescence—such as hanging out with friends, listening to music, playing sports, and all the other highly motivating experiences for teenagers—cause the release of this chemical in moderate amounts. This reinforces behaviors that contribute to learning, health, well-being, and the strengthening of social bonds. Despite popular belief, willpower alone is often insufficient to overcome an addiction. Drugs, unfortunately, are able to hijack this process. This creates an especially strong drive to repeat the experience.
The immature brain, already struggling with balancing impulse and self-control, is more likely to take drugs again without adequately considering the consequences. The development of addiction is like a vicious cycle: This is why, despite popular belief, willpower alone is often insufficient to overcome an addiction. Not all young people are equally at risk for developing an addiction.
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Various factors including inherited genetic predispositions and adverse experiences in early life make trying drugs and developing a substance use disorder more likely. Exposure to stress such as emotional or physical abuse in childhood primes the brain to be sensitive to stress and seek relief from it throughout life; this greatly increases the likelihood of subsequent drug abuse and of starting drug use early. Drug use at an early age is an important predictor of development of a substance use disorder later.
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The majority of those who have a substance use disorder started using before age 18 and developed their disorder by age Data collected in found that nearly 13 percent of those with a substance use disorder began using marijuana by the time they were These potentially lifelong consequences make addressing adolescent drug use an urgent matter.
Chronic marijuana use in adolescence, for example, has been shown to lead to a loss of IQ that is not recovered even if the individual quits using in adulthood. The serious health risks of drugs compound the need to get an adolescent who is abusing drugs into treatment as quickly as possible. Also, adolescents who are abusing drugs are likely to have other issues such as mental health problems accompanying and possibly contributing to their substance use, and these also need to be addressed.
Adolescents in treatment report abusing different substances than adult patients do. For example, many more people aged 12—17 received treatment for marijuana use than for alcohol use in When adolescents do drink alcohol, they are more likely than adults to binge drink defined as five or more drinks in a row on a single occasion.
Adolescents also may be less likely than adults to feel they need help or to seek treatment on their own.
Given their shorter histories of using drugs as well as parental protection , adolescents may have experienced relatively few adverse consequences from their drug use; their incentive to change or engage in treatment may correspond to the number of such consequences they have experienced. Only 10 percent of to year-olds needing substance abuse treatment actually receive any services. By far, the largest proportion of adolescents who receive treatment are referred by the juvenile justice system see figure. Given that adolescents with substance use problems often feel they do not need help, engaging young patients in treatment often requires special skills and patience.
Many treatment approaches are available to address the unique needs of adolescents.
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Whether delivered in residential or inpatient settings or offered on an outpatient basis, effective treatments for adolescents primarily consist of some form of behavioral therapy. Addiction medications, while effective and widely prescribed for adults, are not generally approved by the U. Such issues should be addressed at the same time as the substance use treatment. Enlisting and engaging the adolescent in treatment is only part of a sometimes long and complex recovery process.