Connor & James and The Case of the Beetle Stone

However, if properly conducted, thinning can be a preventive measure that will help reduce future damage by both SPB and Ips. Proactive management practices are the best course of action to minimize future damage from both SPB and Ips bark beetles. Ips bark beetles in the south: Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet , U. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Available online at http: Accessed 18 July Mayfield III, and L. Ips Engraver Beetles Coleoptera: Southern Pine Beetle Prevention in Florida: Assessing landowner Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions.

Managing the Family Forest in Mississippi, Publication Advances in the control and management of the southern pine beetles. Integrated forest pest management. Current and Future Strategies. Task Force Report The southern pine beetle. Mississippi State Extension Service, Publication You are here Home Publications Publications Ips: The Other Pine Bark Beetles. Forestry , Forest Pests. The three species of Ips in the southeastern United States and their associated gallery patterns: Lenhard, Louisiana State University, Bugwood. Almquist, University of Florida, Bugwood.

Characteristics of Ips Infestations Stand Infestations Ips and southern pine beetles create many similar signs and symptoms on infested trees, so many landowners confuse Ips and SPB infestations Coulson, et al. Dead and fading tree killed in an Ips infestation. Photo by Andrew Ezell. Slash Infestations Ips populations are most visible to landowners when obvious symptoms of their infestation are present, such as fading treetops.

Pine bark beetle pitch tubes. Photo by Brady Self. Management Practices to Prevent Ips Infestations Knowing what species of bark beetle is responsible for the damage in question will determine the optimal type of control method to use. Chemical Treatments A few insecticides are labeled for Ips ; however, these chemicals must be applied repeatedly, and the entire tree, including the upper portions of the crown, must be sprayed by a certified applicator Nebeker Ips prevention through chemical application on highly valued residential trees. Photo by James Floyd. Stand Management Practices When it comes to stand-level prevention of Ips , sound management practices are key.

Skidder distributing slash from a loading deck into a thinned pine stand. Conclusions Ips infestations are often misidentified as SPB infestations. Agroforestry, Christmas trees, GIS, forest soils, pine silviculture. Related News December 18, Forestry gains lost ground while holding No. December 14, Control weeds around hardwood seedlings. November 16, High demand boosts Christmas tree prices.

Hunt and Vernon suggested that barriers placed along the margins of tomato and potato fields adjacent to preferred overwintering sites may be effective in preventing or slowing the entry of beetles into the crop in the spring. The above-ground trench can capture thousands of newly emerged L. This trap is easily installed in the spring and removed in the fall, and is reusable for several years.

The trench is black to raise the temperature, which results in an increase in beetle mortality, and is designed to release water and beneficial insects. Mulching potato and aubergine plantings with straw has been shown to significantly reduce L. The mulch delays colonization and increases predation on eggs and larvae Ng and Lashomb, ; Brust, Lower potato beetle populations and less damage to tomato has been reported in reduced tillage plantings than in conventional tilled plantings Hunt, Mechanical collection, use of propane flamers, use of pneumatic thermal machines or bio-collectors can prevent adult colonization and reduce larval damage Boiteau et al.

The bio-collector is a novel control method approved for use in organic potato cultivation in Germany. The collector, which is attached to a tractor, blows chrysomelids off the potato plants and collects them in trays. Collections are made two to three times per year depending on the level of infestation Karalus, However, some authors stated that mechanical control causes undesirable damage and its efficacy should be improved Sablon et al.

Although Boiteau et al. The chemical ecology of L. According to Sablon et al. Nevertheless, alternative strategies have potential to control L. Provider , flax cv. Natasia , French marigold Tagetes patula cv. Bolero , horseradish and tansy Tanacetum vulgare as companion plants to potatoes. In addition, some botanical and microbiological preparations capsicain extract, garlic extract, neem extract, Bt product, adjuvant and pine extract were evaluated.

The results showed that companion planting and garlic and capsicain extracts did not reduce the densities of L. The next step is to treat only this part of field to eliminate attracted beetles. Trap crops have been shown to reduce L. Dickens investigated in laboratory trials behavioural responses of the L.

He found that L. In further investigations, Dickens reported a synthetic blend of three compounds Z -3 hexenyl actetate. This blend attracted newly emerged and 5-day-old adults in greenhouse trials Martel et al. Pitfall traps baited with the attractant captured a greater number of L. Moreover, fewer egg masses and larvae were observed in neighbouring untreated crops.

In another study Martel et al. A male-produced aggregation pheromone for L. The pheromone has been shown to be attractive to L. However, the synthetic routes for S - L. Therefore Kuhar et al. The results indicated that any further research as well as IPM strategies that incorporate L. The main difficulty with semiochemicals is ensuring a controlled release during a long period Sablon et al.

The choice of dispenser is very important to control the release and to prevent molecule degradation Heuskin et al. Many of antifeedants are constituent of plants from sagebrush community, hydroxides which also act as fungicides, alchocol extracts of the leaves and bark of Quercus alba L. Neem extract, a well-recognized botanical insecticide, also shows antifeeding activity against L.

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Such molecules and blends of chemicals not only reduce feeding but also may deter oviposition by females as shown for saponins Waligora-Rosada and citrus limonoids Murray et al. Very often antifeedants are considered as synthetic insecticides whereas they originate from plants and should therefore be considered as botanical insecticides.

Biological Control Edovum puttleri has been released in several areas in the eastern USA and is being investigated for possible release in Europe Schauff, The ability of augmentative releases of E. The most favourable results were obtained for aubergine in New Jersey Lashomb et al. However, detailed comparisons between these studies were limited by the variation in numbers of wasps released and the methods used to evaluate the impact on the host populations Van Driesche et al.

Results reported by Van Driesche et al. Parasitoid releases had greater impact on second generation eggs. The release of 47, wasps in against the second generation, without pesticide, resulted in The complex of natural enemies, including 26 carabids, 11 coccinellids and three chrysopids, added to the beneficial effect of the pentatomid. Aldrich and Cantelo demonstrated that pheromones of P. Augmentative releases of Perillus bioculatus controlled first-generation eggs and larvae of L. The third instar killed four times as many L.

However, field assays are needed to confirm the efficiency of this natural enemy under field conditions. The nematode Pristionchus uniformis reduced populations of L. Variable suppression of L. Among the four investigated nematode species Steinernema feltiae, S. Adel and Hussein reported a significant reduction of the number of damaged leaves and lower index of damage achieved with Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora foliage application.

They found that sublethal nematode concentrations caused wing deformation and delayed metamorphosis which may affect L. Most work on fungi for the biological control of chrysomelid hosts has focused on the use of Beauveria bassiana against the Colorado potato beetle. Attempts at controlling L. This Beauveria -based approach to the control of the Colorado potato beetle was most effective on low and moderate populations of the beetles. The extensive use of B.

During the mids, a pilot test programme studying the efficacy of B. In America, the use of B. Following the invasion of the potato-growing areas of Continental Europe, attempts were made to introduce North American natural enemies, known to be important mortality factors, to France, from Two tachinids, Myiopharus doryphorae and M. Work resumed in under a co-operative programme involving 12 countries. Efforts concentrated on attempting to establish P. Further introductions of M. Attempts at introducing natural enemies were then abandoned until the discovery of Endovum puttleri , which was imported into several countries and released but did not persist for long periods.

Recent efforts in the Czech Republic to use Beauveria to control L. Effective control of L. When applied properly, foliar applications of commercial formulations of B. Ghassemi-Kahrizeh and Aramideh have proven in laboratory assays that there is a remarkable synergistic effect of Henna powder on Bacillus thuringiensis efficiency. In organic agriculture pest management, the mainstay for insect control, including L.

This has a knock-down effect, but a short residual activity Zehnder et al. Piperonil butoxide PBO is also used as a synergist for pyrethrins and the synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. Because pyrethrins are harmful to beneficial animals, such as predatory mites, parasitoids, and honey bees, the use of the synergist reduces the concentration of pyrethrins necessary for pest control.

Owing to the concern over PBO, dillapiol is considered as a potential replacement. Dillapiol, which was first found in the Indian dill, Anethum sowa Roxb. In laboratory trials that pyrethrum efficacy was increased 2. Besides pyrethrum extracts, many plant extracts and essential oils have been tested against L. Among the tested plants, Humulus lupulus extract has been proven by Gokce et al. The essential oils of Mentha longifolia Rafiee-Dastjerdi et al. Terpenes are a large and diverse class of organic compounds, produced by a variety of plants, particularly conifers. Several studies have shown that some of the monoterpens have potential for L.

Transgenic Plants Transgenic potatoes expressing the gene for B. In , transgenic potato varieties expressing the Cry3A toxin were planted on approximately 20, hectares in the USA. Although these transgenic potato varieties are highly toxic to Colorado potato beetle Perlak et al. An additional factor contributing to this decline was competition from new, conventional insecticides that controlled a broader spectrum of potato pests.

The future role of transgenic potato varieties in the Colorado potato beetle management is currently uncertain, despite their effectiveness and considerable evidence that they have no significant effect on populations of natural enemies Hoy et al. Transgenic lines of aubergine expressing the Cry3A endotoxin Hamilton et al. Because of the potential that Colorado potato beetle will develop resistance to the Cry3A endotoxin if these transgenic potato varieties are widely planted, significant effort has been directed towards the development of resistance management strategies for transgenic potatoes.

Proposed resistance management strategies for potato focus on using varieties that express a high dose of the toxin in conjunction with plantings of refuge areas of non-transgenic potato or other hosts in which beetles are not controlled. The level of toxin expressed should be high enough to kill any individuals that are heterozygous for resistance alleles. The size and location of refuge plantings must be such that any homozygous resistant beetles selected on the transgenic crop mate with homozygous susceptible beetles produced in the refuge.

The progeny of such matings would be heterozygous for the resistance allele and would be killed if they fed on the transgenic crop. Strategies for managing resistance to transgenic potatoes are discussed by Gould et al. They explored the possibility for prohiobitin-1 silencing in L. Survival of third instars on the Bt-Cry3A with avidin was significantly reduced after 3 days compared with survival on the Bt-Cry3A, suggesting the addition of avidin may increase susceptibility to Bt-Cry3A.

The Colorado potato beetle spiroplasma CPBS appears to be host genus -specific and is transmitted among larvae and adults during regurgitation and defecation. However, researchers have adopted a strategy to engineer spiroplasma with an insect-lethal gene because the spiroplasma appears to be a commensal Hackett et al. The delta-endotoxin gene for B. This system would allow multiplication and spread of the genetically-engineered microorganism throughout the crop in contrast to direct treatment of beetles with the Btt beta-endotoxin.

Feeding RNA interference RNAi successfully triggered the silencing of all five target genes tested and caused significant mortality and reduced body weight gain in the treated beetles. This study provides the first example of an effective RNAi response in insects after feeding dsRNA produced in bacteria. The obtained results suggest that the efficient induction of RNAi using bacteria to deliver dsRNA is a possible method for management of L. This method is still in the experimental stage. Host-Plant Resistance The incorporation of varietal resistance to Colorado potato beetle has emphasised the transfer of resistance traits to S.

Emphasis has been placed on resistance derived from Solanum berthaultii , which is mediated in large part by glandular trichomes on the foliage Yencho et al. Potato breeding lines with resistance to potato beetle have been released Plaisted et al. Other potentially valuable mechanisms of resistance have been identified as well for example, Balbyshev and Lorenzen, Chemical Control Chemical insecticides have constituted the primary method of control for Colorado potato beetle for much of its history as a pest of potato.

However, the extraordinary ability of the beetle to develop resistance to virtually all insecticides used to control it has led repeated control failures in many areas Casagrande, ; Georghiou and Lagunes-Tejeda, ; Bishop and Grafius, The commercialisation of several new insecticides with novel modes of action, which are effective in controlling Colorado potato beetle populations resistant to organophosphate, carbamate, chlorinated hydrocarbon and pyrethroid insecticides has restored the ability to control the beetle with insecticides in areas most severely affected by resistance.

In the past 60 years L. Up to fold resistance to imidacloprod was reported in adult L.

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Because of the importance of insecticides in managing Colorado potato beetle in commercial potato production, great emphasis has been placed on the development of procedures for managing resistance. Key processes involved in adaptation of Colorado potato beetle populations to insecticides have been explored using simulation models Follett et al. Resistance management efforts for Colorado potato beetle focus primarily on using pest management procedures, including crop rotation, scouting and action thresholds to minimize the use of insecticides in conjunction with resistance monitoring and rotations of insecticides having different modes of action Kennedy and French, ; Grafius, ; Midgarden et al.

A computerized approach to insecticide management for the Colorado potato beetle has been used in commercial potato fields on the eastern shore of Virginia, USA Vencill et al. The Potato-Insect Expert System PIES uses insect life stages, potato growth stage, percentage defoliation and other factors to determine whether the application of insecticide is necessary to prevent tuber yield loss. Tuber yields were not significantly different between the two methods, although on average PIES recommended fewer insecticide applications than the conventional method.

SIMLEP 1 is a regional forecasting model for the first occurrence of hibernating beetles and the start of egg laying. Integrated Pest Management IPM programs for potato emphasize reducing insect pest populations by using a number of measures against the pest, including crop rotation, altered planting dates to avoid peak pest populations , and use of B.

IPM systems seek to maximise the impact of naturally occurring biological control in suppressing potato beetle populations Hazzard et al. One such management system is described by Ferro The suggestion of adding sub lethal dosages of chemical insecticides to biological insecticides in order to improve their efficacy was raised by Kovacevic and was later discussed by Benz Some investigations showed that the combinations of the subnormal dosages of some insecticides could result in the improved efficacy of B.

If the combinations of insecticides at lower dosages are used, various benefits could be expected Igrc Barcic et al. In field trials one application of a combination of reduced spinosad and B. Adding the low dose of spinosad to B. No synergistic effect between the insecticides was noted; the joint actions of combinations were mainly described as independent synergism. Even with the independent synergism the combinations could be recommended for use if they had some advantages over other possibilities for the control of L.

Considerable effort has been directed toward enhancing naturally occurring biological control through augmentative releases of predators and parasitoids. In research plots releases of nymphs of Perillus bioculatus , either alone or in combination with weekly or less frequent applications of B. In Quebec, Canada, inundative releases of P. Releases of the parasitoid Edovum puttleri were a critical component in the management of insecticide resistant potato beetles in aubergine in New Jersey, USA.

However, the programme was expensive and has been largely discontinued following the introduction of new insecticides highly effective against potato beetle populations resistant to traditional insecticides. Phytosanitary Measures Countries at risk should require that consignments of any plants or plant products be found free from L.

Plantesygdomme i Danmark, 71 pp. Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 43 Colorado beetle -- recent work in preventing its establishment in Britain.

Factors regulating the fecundity of the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata in the north-eastern part of Azerbaidzhan.

Invasive Species Compendium

Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 59 3: Suppression of Colorado potato beetle infestation by pheromone-mediated augmentation of the predatory spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris Say Heteroptera: Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 1 3: Colorado potato beetle resistance to insecticides. American Journal of Potato Research, 85 6: Resistance and cross-resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Pest Management Science, 63 1: Electrophoretic confirmation of sperm mixing in mated Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 92 2: Chips are down for killer potato.

New Scientist, The Colorado potato-bug - its past history and future progress. The American Entomologist, 1: Canadian Insect Pest Review, 28, map p. Report of the working party for co-operation on Colorado beetle control, Paris, November Arnaud PH Jr, A host-parasite catalog of North American Tachinidae Diptera. Production of transgenic eggplant Solanum melongena L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95 3: Status and prospects of the study of entomopathogenic fungi in the USSR. National Technological Information Service, Fecundity, fertility, and longevity of mated and unmated spined soldier bug females.

Journal of Agricultural Entomology, 2 4: Hypersensitivity and egg drop: Journal of Economic Entomology, 90 2: Combinations of several insecticides used for integrated control of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Say. Journal of Pest Science, 79 4: Interception and eradication of colorado beetle in England and Wales, Susceptibility of the Colorado beetle to microbial preparations.

Acta Entomologica Lituanica, 8: Joint action of ecologically acceptable insecticides for the Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, Coleoptera: Bejer B, Esbjerg P, Injurious insects in and Entomologiske Meddelelser, 47 3: Effect of artificial honeydews on insect communities in potato fields. Environmental Entomology, 5 3: Synergism of micro-organisms and chemical insecticides. Microbial Control of Insects and Mites. Ucinkovitost boljnih insekticida u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, Coleoptera: Bishop BA, Grafius E, An on-farm insecticide resistance test kit for Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: American Potato Journal, 68 1: Insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle.

Chrysomelidae biology, volume 1. SPB Academic Publishing, Phytosanitary status of field crop plants in the Satu-Mare district in the year Probleme de Protectia Plantelor, 12 2: Boiteau G, Coleman W, Cold tolerance in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 6: Evaluation of vacuum collector for insect pest-control in potato. American Potato Journal, Comparison of plastic-lined trenches and extruded plastic traps for controlling Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 4: Insecticide resistance in New Brunswick populations of the Colorado potato beetles Coleoptera: Canadian Entomologist, 5: Wood ash potential for Colorado potato beetle control.

American Journal of Potato Research, 89 2: Attraction of Colorado potato beetle to herbivore-damaged plants during herbivory and after its termination. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 23 4: Use of some aspects of the biology of the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata for its control.

Establishment of Endoreticulatus n. Pleistophoridae based on the ultrastructure of a microsporidium in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Journal of Protozoology, 35 4: Efficacy of granular systemic soil insecticides against the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Difesa delle Piante, 13 1: Natural enemies in straw-mulch reduce Colorado potato beetle populations and damage in potato. Biological Control, 4 2: Quarantine Pests for Europe. Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, No. Residual toxicities and stomach poison effects of plant extracts to different stages of Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Tomato yield loss as a result of simulated Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 12 6: Incidence of natural enemies of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on a native host in Mexico.

Host plant affects response of Colorado potato beetle to a pyrethroid insecticide.



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The Colorado potato beetle: Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, 33 3: Plant protection compounds registered for use in potato growing. Management of insect pests of broccoli, cowpeas, spinach, tomatoes, and peanuts with chemigation by insecticides in oils, and reduction of watermelon virus 2 by chemigated oil. Journal of Economic Entomology, 77 5: On the natural enemies of the Colorado potato beetle.

Science, USA, Cloutier C, Bauduin F, Biological control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae in Quebec by augmentative releases of the two-spotted stinkbug Perillus bioculatus Hemiptera: Canadian Entomologist, 2: Field tests on the biological control of Colorado potato beetle using two exotic predators, Podisus maculiventris and P. Informatore Fitopatologico, 46 Population structure of a predatory beetle: Insecticidal activity of avidin combined with genetically engineered and traditional host plant resistance against Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 99 2: Cotty S, Lashomb JH, Vegetative growth and yield response of eggplant to varying first generation Colorado potato beetle densities.

Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 90 4: Systematic Entomology, 7 3: Egg bursters in the Chrysomelidae, with a review of their occurrence in the Chrysomeloidea and Curculionoidea Coleoptera. Systematic Entomology, 13 4: The pupae of Chrysomeloidea. Jolivet P, Cox ML, eds. The Biology of Chrysomelidae. Effect of defoliation on yield of potatoes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 73 1: Effects of hostplant age on phytophagous insects.



Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Geographic diversity of the Colorado potato beetle and its infestation in Eurasia. Advances in potato pest management. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company, Control tests against potato beetles resistant to chlorinated insecticides with new insecticides and with mixtures of insecticides in the laboratory. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agronomicas, Design and construction of a pneumatic-thermal machine for controlling Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

Journal of Applied Sciences, 6 4: Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 1 1: Orientation of Colorado potato beetle to natural and synthetic blends of volatiles emitted by potato plants. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 2 3: Behavioural responses of larvae of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae , to host plant volatile blends attractive to adults.

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Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4 4: Journal of Experimental Biology, Control trials with Beauveria bassiana Bals. Dirlbek J, Dirlbekova O, The method of controlled stress in Colorado potato beetle larvae during an application of preparations containing the spores of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Bals.

Dirlbekova O, Dirlbek J, Research and use of mycoinsecticides of the Boverol type Rostlinna Vyroba, 33 A method of monitoring the biological effectiveness of control of the Colorado potato beetle due to experimental treatment with the mycoinsecticide Boverol. Ochrana Rostlin, 28 2: Use of imidacloprid-treated row mixtures for Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Journal of Economic Entomology, 91 2: Investigations of interactions between different groups of insecticides in the control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.

Istrazivanje interakcije razlicitih skupina insekticida u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Dobrincic R, Barcic JI, Investigation of classical combinations and new generations of insecticides for the control of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata say. Istrazivanje klasicnih i novih generacija pripravaka u suzbijanju krumpirove zlatice Leptinotarsa decemlineata say, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae.

Assessing augmentative releases of parasitoids using the 'recruitment method', with reference to Edovum puttleri, a parasitoid of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Dripps JE, Smilowitz Z, Growth analysis of potato plants damaged by Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae at different plant growth stages.

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Environmental Entomology, 18 5: Predation on the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae by Phalangium opilio Opiliones: Journal of Economic Entomology, 83 3: Biology of Oplomus dichrous Heteroptera: Pentatomidae and its potential to control Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 16 3: Development and survival of Podisus maculiventris Say Hemiptera: Pentatomidae , a predator of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Environmental Entomology, 13 5: Dubois D, Jossi W, Biological control of Colorado beetle with Bacillus thuringiensis.

Landwirtschaft Schweiz, 6 5: Lethal and sublethal effects of Iranian isolates of Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Potential use of mites as biological control agents of leaf feeding insects. Biological control of pests by mites. Notulp Entomologicp, 62 4: Simulating the effects of defoliation on growth and yield of potato. Toxicity effects of some lichen species extracts against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say Coleoptera: Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23 2: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization.

Fedorko A, Stanuszek S, Nematoda, Rhabditida, Diplogasteridae , a facultative parasite of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say and Melolontha melolontha L. Technology for production, formulation and application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana for insect control: Success and failure of Bt products: Colorado potato beetle - a case study. Emerging Technologies for Integrated Pest Management: Concepts, Research, and Implementation. Reproductive status and flight activity of the overwintered Colorado potato beetle.

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 91 3: Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae temperature-dependent growth and feeding rates. Environmental Entomology, 14 3: Journal of Economic Entomology, 84 3: Crop loss assessment of the Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae on potatoes in western Massachusetts. Journal of Economic Entomology, 76 2: Application of insect pathogenic nematodes Neoaplectana carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis spp. Local dispersal of overwintered Colorado potato beetle Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera determined by mark and recapture.

Environmental Entomology, 25 6: High-realism model of Colorado potato beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae adaptation to permethrin. Environmental Entomology, 24 2: Chrysomelidae adaptation to insecticides. Environmental Entomology, 22 2: Observations on the natural mortality of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say in Canada.

Franz J, Szmidt A, Observations concerning Perillus bioculatus Fabr. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20 For additional information, or to register click here. Registration begins 30 minutes before course start time. Mary Frances Berry, former chair of the U. Commission on Civil Rights, will deliver the Judge A. Treasures from Uffizi Gallery Spend an evening in Florence for a private tour with of this unique exhibition from the Uffizi which makes its only East Coast stop at the James A.

Health Care Reform Update The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act created a new fee on health plans to fund a Patient-Centered Outcome Research Trust Fund program, which was established to fund research of the clinical effectiveness of medical treatments, procedures and drugs. Click here to read the complete article. The JOBS Act is a measure intended to improve the access to private and public capital by startups and smaller businesses. Panelists include Katayun I.

White and Matthew T. Lunch and registration begin at 12 p. This is your ultimate guide to obtaining and using the best technology for your law practice. This seminar provides a wealth of legal technology tips, covering all areas of law office technology. The program begins at 9 a. Click here for more information and to register. Thanks to the generosity of Wilkie Lexus, our auction will feature a spot on the roster for the three-day Lexus Champions for Charity tournament in Pebble Beach, Calif. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for any golf enthusiast.

Too often, litigators and mediators get stuck using one approach in their mediations and negotiations. Using the tools from improvisational comedy, attendees will role-play two mediations and explore their creative side. After each mock mediation, we'll have a group debriefing session to talk about what worked and what didn't. The speakers for the program are Shirish Gupta and Avish Parashar.

Registration and lunch begin at 12 p. The program has been approved for 1. Come cheer on our favorite team as they take on the San Francisco Giants at 7: Registration includes a ticket behind home plate in sections , or and a pre-game party at the all new XFinity Live! Thomas Bergstrom will be the guest speaker, where he will discuss the development of criminal law in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Black tie is suggested. Tables of 10 may be reserved. For more information, call or The event features a silent auction with items including hotel and travel, restaurant and dining, sports and entertainment, fashion, body, health and art.

Guests will be treated to a wonderful brunch served buffet style. Music will be provided by local jazz musicians from the Clef Club. Tickets can be purchased by clicking here. Culinary Contest to Benefit Philabundance The Legal Intelligencer has cooked up a delicious challenge for law firms this summer, and we'd like you to participate in a creative culinary contest and cookbook benefitting Philabundance. The tour begins at 6 p. Michener Art Museum, S. Transportation is not included, but may be arranged if there is enough interest. Limit one guest per Association member.

Click here for tickets. This year's convention will be held June at the Philadelphia Marriott Downtown. This two-day conference will feature special guests from the International Criminal Court, the U. Department of State, U. The conference will celebrate the th anniversary of the signing of the U. Constitution and the 10th anniversary of the Rome Statute that established the International Criminal Court. Conference details and registration information will be available soon.

Eastern State Penitentiary Discussion Series Eastern State Penitentiary will present a four-part discussion series that focuses on crime and contemporary correctional issues and features various guest speakers. Monday, June 18, 6 p. During this discussion, Mauer will analyze current prospects for reform and their potential for diminishing the cost and scale of incarceration.

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He will also examine the social impact of the American criminal justice system as well as possible, and hopefully more effective public safety strategies. Sentencing Commission, and addresses a broad range of national and international audiences. Eastern State Penitentiary was once the most famous and expensive prison in the world, but stands today in ruin, a haunting world of crumbling cellblocks and empty guard towers.