The Bible, Koran, and Talmud

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Your rating has been recorded. Write a review Rate this item: Preview this item Preview this item. London, Brown, Green, and Longmans, English View all editions and formats Summary: This collection of important scriptural stories was drawn from the Koran and other Arabic manuscripts describing the lives of the prophets. The introduction speculates that Mohammed's instruction in Jewish and Christian tradition was given to him orally by people from those faiths. Some footnotes compare the stories collected here with the same stories from the Talmud or Bible or otherwise comment on the differences in detail.

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Similar Items Related Subjects: Islam -- Relations -- Judaism. In prison, Joseph meets two men. One has a dream of making wine and the other dreams of carrying a stack of breads that birds are eating. Joseph tells the first that he will serve the Pharaoh again and the second will be executed. Both things happen, precisely as Joseph foretold.

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Although Joseph asks the first man to bring his name and unjust imprisonment to the attention of the Pharaoh, referred to in the Quran as only the King, not a Pharaoh the first man quickly forgets about him once restored to the royal favor. After them, seven other cows came up — scrawny and very ugly and lean. I had never seen such ugly cows in all the Land of Egypt. The lean, ugly cows ate up the seven fat cows that came up first. But even after they ate them, no one could tell that they had done so; they looked just as ugly as before. Then I woke up.

After them, seven other heads sprouted — withered and thin and scorched by the east wind. The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven good heads. I told this to the magicians, but none could explain it to me. Expound to me my vision if it be that ye can interpret visions. Pharaoh's cup-bearer, who had been previously imprisoned with Joseph, suddenly remembers his promise and tells Pharaoh about the man who foretold his own restoration to favor.

Pharaoh sent to the prison, asking Joseph to interpret his dream. In the Quranic account, Joseph insists that the Vizier's wife vindicate him before the king before Joseph will agree to do so this is not mentioned in the Bible ; Pharaoh summons the Vizier's wife, who admits her lies about Joseph and proclaims his innocence. The Quran now rejoins the biblical narrative, where Joseph reveals the meaning of the king's dream: Egypt will have seven years of good crops followed by seven years of famine and the famine will be worse than the abundance.

The king rewarded Joseph by giving him charge over the store houses and the entire land of Egypt. During the famine, Joseph's brothers came to Egypt to buy food, but the youngest was left with their father. While Joseph recognized them, they did not recognize him. He demanded that they return with the missing brother. The brothers return home and find that Joseph had hidden in their packs more than they paid for. They asked their father if they might return with the youngest brother.

Reluctantly, their father allows this. They return, and after some further incidents Joseph ultimately reveals himself to his brothers. In both the Quran and the Bible, the missing brother is Benjamin, Arabic: The others are half-brothers. The Qur'an correctly does not refer to the king of Egypt during Joseph's time as the "Pharaoh. This distinction is not found in the Bible. The narratives here are mostly in Exodus 1—14 and In the Quran, the Moses narratives are in the following passages: Pharaoh slew the young male children of the Israelites II: Moses was found by the household of the Pharaoh, who adopted him.

Moses' sister, Miriam, had followed Moses, and she recommended that his own mother serve as nurse to him. When Moses became an adult, he saw an Egyptian fighting with an Israelite, and he interceded and killed the Egyptian. The next day, the Israelite asked whether Moses intended to kill him as well. The Pharaoh tried to have Moses killed and Moses fled to a watering place in Midian.

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He met some sisters and watered their herd. When the women's father, Jethro , learned of Moses, he invited him to stay and gave him a daughter, Zipporah , to marry. In Midian, Moses saw a fire and approached it. God spoke to him, and told him to remove his shoes. God said that he had chosen Moses. God said to throw down his staff and to stretch out his arm as signs. His staff turned into a serpent and then returned to the form of a staff. His arm became white although he was not sick. God commanded him to go to Pharaoh to deliver a message.

Moses said that he could not speak well. So God provided Aaron, his brother, to help Moses speak. God sent Moses to the court of Pharaoh. Pharaoh refused to listen to Moses. Moses threw down his staff and it became a serpent.

Pharaoh's magicians also threw down their staffs which turned into snakes. But the snakes of Pharaoh's magicians were swallowed by Moses' serpent. God caused a famine. God sent plagues of locusts, frogs, blood, and destruction. God sent at least nine signs to Pharaoh but Pharaoh disregarded the first few signs and when he couldn't disregard them any longer, he agreed to let the Israelites go but after God allowed tranquility, Pharaoh still stubbornly refused to let the Israelites go so God made every first-born Egyptian son die and spared every Israelite the first Passover.

Pharaoh became hysterical and demanded that Moses and the Israelites leave at once only to pursue them with his army after their exit. Then God helped Moses lead the Israelites into a desert and across a sea. Moses struck the sea with his staff and the sea split in half exposing dry land while creating a wall of water on each side for the Israelites to walk through.

Pharaoh and his army were catching up to the Israelites but the water returned to its original state. Pharaoh and his army drowned. Moses left the Hebrews for forty nights.

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He put his brother Aaron in charge of the people Al-Baqara 2. God made tablets with writing on them which Moses carried back to Israel. Moses asked to see God. The people saw the fire and lightning and the mountain and were afraid. While Moses was gone, the Israelites demanded to worship an idol. They used the gold from their ornaments to construct a golden calf whom they said was the god who rescued them from Egypt. Aaron does not stop them.

Jewish Influences in the Qur'an

Then Moses returned and chastised them and Aaron. Many were killed for their action. God sent down manna and quail to eat but the Hebrews still rebelled against God, and complained about the food. Moses asked God for water and God answered him. Moses struck a stone with his staff and water came forth. The Israelites were divided into twelve tribes. God gave the Israelites a bountiful land, but this occurred at different times in the two scriptures.

Besides that and the many additional details in the Torah , [ citation needed ] there are other differences:. The story of the destruction of Korah appears in Numbers Korah was an Israelite living during the time of Moses. Because of his wickedness, God caused him to die by opening the ground and swallowing him and his home Numbers In the Quran, Karon is simply a rich man who is too arrogant. In the Torah, he leads a minor rebellion against Moses. God also kills the others who rebel with him and destroys their homes. In the Quran and the Bible there are stories about smaller armies winning victory over larger ones.

One story in the Quran and Bible share strong resemblances, although they are placed in different times and attributed to different characters. Gideon is reluctant, but accedes after making God prove Himself with three different tests. As they are heading to fight, God tells Gideon to send away those who are homesick or afraid of dying. Because the army is still large enough to credit its own strength for victory, God tells Gideon to observe the drinking habits of his troops at the river.

God says to send those who do not drink with their hands, but lap the water directly like a dog, back to their homes. The remaining Israelites go on to victory. On their way, God tells Talut to warn the men that they will be tested by God, and that they must not drink from the next river in order to pass the test. Despite this warning, most of the men disobey and drink from the river. God tells Talut to leave the disobedient members behind, unless they only drank one handful, so that the army will consist of only faithful members.

The army then goes on to defeat General Goliath's army. The story appears in 1 Samuel 8—12 and The Prophet Samuel is petitioned by the Israelites for a king. God sends Samuel to appoint Saul as king, although with the warning that kings only take from their people.

The Bible, the Koran, and the Talmud : or, biblical legends of the Mussulmans (Gustav WEIL)

At least a few people are not happy with Samuel's choice, but Saul then prophecises and wins some victories, so the people embrace him. Later Saul falls out of God's favor and God promises to appoint someone else as king. The Philistines attack and are bolstered by the fear engendered by their champion Goliath , a giant.

God sends Samuel to recruit David , who kills Goliath. David eventually goes on to become Israel's new king. A similar story appears in the Qu'ran 2: The Israelites demand their of prophet to appoint a king, and so God appoints the man Talut.

The people respond poorly to the selection, upset that Talut does not seem special. God gives the Ark of the Covenant back to the Israelites in order to verify His choice this is an event that predates Saul in the Bible. Talut leads the men to battle against an army led by the General Goliath. The Israelite army is small and doubtful, but a few men trust that God can still give them victory. David then kills Goliath and becomes king of Israel.

The account also bears similarity to when Gideon led an army. The story appears in 1 Kings The two stories have almost nothing in common. In each, the Queen of Sheba comes to visit Solomon and is impressed by his wisdom and riches. In the Bible, the visit is only diplomatic. In the Quran, the Queen becomes monotheist and peace is established in the kingdoms.

In both the Bible and the Quran, Jonah is swallowed by a "big fish", usually inferred to be a whale. Jonah is referenced three times in the Quran: It is mentioned in verse 98 of Sura Yunus Jonah and verse 86 of Sura 6: In the Quran, Jonah gets frustrated by his own people and abandons them to God's mercy, however without asking permission from God and thus going against his given responsibility. In the Quran, it is also mentioned that if Jonah had not prayed inside the belly of the fish he would have stayed in there until the Judgement day. In the Bible, Jonah pays a fare to sail to Tarshish.

In both stories, he boards the ship loaded with passengers, lots are cast and Jonah is thrown overboard and swallowed by a large fish Jonah 1: After praying, he is cast out of the fish and washed ashore, and God causes a gourd to grow 37 or weeds 2: In the Bible, Jonah continues into Nineveh, and the city is spared by God. In the Quran, God causes the gourd to grow to comfort Jonah after he lies on the shore in a sickly state As-Saaffat 37 , in the Bible the gourd plant grows up to provide shade for Jonah while he waits for Nineveh to be destroyed 4: According to an Islamic tradition [ citation needed ] however, the big fish gets frightened at first, fearing it might have swallowed a holy person as it heard prayers and supplications read in a wonderful voice from her stomach, hearing which numerous sea creatures had surrounded it.

But she comforts herself later since it was God's order to swallow Jonah. After two days the fish casts him out the beach of an island and he is very weak. The gastric juices with the hot sunlight burned his skin till the point he was about to scream of pain. God causes a vine to grow over him and provide him fruit and shade. He recovers and goes back to his people who had become good after he left. According to the Bible, Ninevah was a great city, with more than one hundred twenty thousand people and much livestock Jonah 4: In the Quran, the number of the people he was sent towards as a prophet exceeded a hundred thousand.

They believed in his message and God granted them prosperity for a long time. In the Quran, Haman is an adviser and builder under a Firaun Pharaoh of ancient Egypt whose narrative relationship with Moses is recounted in the Quran. The structure which Firaun commands Haman to build is similar to the Tower of Babel in Genesis , unrelated to the narrative of Haman in the Bible. Both structures are made from burnt bricks for the purpose of ascending to the heavens. However, it's also been suggested that these two are different individuals.

Hof Museum in Wien, , J. The story of Zechariah is told in the Gospel of Luke 1: Zechariah and his wife reached an old age without bearing children. God spoke to Zechariah and told him his wife would conceive, despite her barrenness, and his name would be John. As a sign that this would happen, God struck Zechariah mute until John was born though he communicated using signs. John became a great and righteous prophet and came to confirm God's Word. Both accounts mention John's death. The two accounts never directly disagree, but each has unique elements: In the Bible Zechariah is a priest.

God speaks to him on Yom Kippur in the Holy of Holies. He doubts that God will act and his muteness is a sign and punishment. In the Quran, God promises him a child and he questions how would it come about since he is an old man and his wife long barren. Upon which he is told that for God it is indeed very easy and that hasn't God created you already while you were naught. In the Quranic narrative Zechariah is also reminded that the sign he should seek for would be a muteness for three nights although without being restrained from speech, implying, [48] [ citation needed ] he simply would not find an occasion to talk to anyone.

Zechariah, therefore, is found emerging from his chamber and reminding his people to celebrate the praises of the Lord through an inspirational gesture Surah Maryam 19 1— In the Bible Zechariah confirms that the son's name is John and receives his speech back. Mary's life is told in several books of the New Testament and Quran Mary was of the house of David, and was betrothed to Joseph, of the same royal family.

And the angel having taken the figure and the form of man, came into the house and said to her: And the angel continued and said: Behold thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and shalt bring forth a son; and thou shalt call his name Jesus. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Most High; and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of David his father; and he shall reign in the house of Jacob forever.

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And of his kingdom there shall be no end. And therefore also the Holy which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. In Luke, Mary is betrothed to Joseph but the Quran never mentions any man. In the Quran, 'her people' have a conversation with Mary accusing her of fornication. In the Bible, no such conversation happens but Joseph knows that people are thinking this.



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The Quran states in the chapter named after Mary, verse 16— In the Book, tell the story of Maryam, when she went away from her family for Prayer to a place in the East. She placed a screen to hide herself from them; Then We sent to her Our angel, and he appeared before her in the form of a man of respect in every way. Do not come near me if you guard yourself against evil. Your Lord says 'That is easy for Me: And We wish to appoint him as a Sign to men and a Mercy from Us': It is a thing already ordained.