Tectonically Active Landscapes

Hilltop curvature can thus be used to estimate erosion rates in landscapes undergoing a transient adjustment to changing boundary conditions provided that the response timescale of hillslopes is short relative to channels.

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Having focused on a landscape with roughly uniform bedrock geology to isolate drivers of geomorphic change, I sought to evaluate whether these techniques could be extended across lithologic contacts and throughout the landscape. Underlying geology influences the efficacy of soil production and transport on hillslopes, and resistance to erosion by valley-forming processes. Here, quantitative analysis of LiDAR digital terrain models was performed to search for a topographic signature in two distinct lithologies in the Feather River catchment in northern California; granodiorite and deformed volcanics.

Responding to increased erosion rates, transient hillslopes exhibit high gradient but low hilltop curvature in the metavolcanics relative to theoretical predictions for steady state hillslopes. However, hillslopes in the granodiorite have, for the most part, variation in hilltop curvature, hillslope length and hillslope relief similar to model predictions for steady state hillslopes.

The curvature of hilltops adjacent to main stem channels implies that the coefficient of sediment transport is two times larger in the granodiorite c. The data suggest that hillslopes get shorter as erosion rates increase due to the increased influence of debris flows in valley incision, suggesting that drainage density increases with erosion rate. The incision wave associated with more rapid erosion in the Feather River has propagated further into a basin developed on the metavolcanics and hence this substrate is less resistant to channel incision.

I review an inventory of values for the transport coefficient for hillslope sediment transport but find that no clear patterns emerge with varying lithology.

Finally I apply the same techniques to study hillslope morphology to a landscape where the tectonic history has a documented influence on landscape development. This landscape offers a hitherto unique opportunity to study the temporal evolution of hillslope morphology via ergodic substitution. I show that the time evolution of a sensitive indicator of erosion rate, hilltop curvature, can be predicted using a nonlinear sediment flux law. It integrates previously unpublished concepts and ideas with recent articles about hills and streams. Readers will learn which landforms change quickly in response to uplift, which parts of the landscape are slowest to adjust to tectonic perturbations, and which landform characteristics are most useful for describing tectonically active and inactive terrains.

About the Author William B.

Hillslope morphology as an indicator of landscape evolution in tectonically active landscapes

Bull is an applied geologist educated at Colorado and Stanford Universities. He worked 12 years for the U.

Geological Survey as an engineering geologist and groundwater hydrologist and then changed career goals by moving to the University of Arizona where he taught geomorphology for 28 years. He continues to study how the hills and streams of mountain ranges respond to uplift and global climate changes of the past million years. Permissions Request permission to reuse content from this site.

This book explores how mountainous landscapes respond to tectonic deformation. It integrates previously unpublished concepts and ideas with recent articles about hills and streams.

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Readers will learn which landforms change quickly in response to uplift, which parts of the landscape are slowest to adjust to tectonic perturbations, and which landform characteristics are most useful for describing tectonically active and inactive terrains. Read more Read less.

Review "I recommend this book to anyone working in the field of seismichazards assessment, to tectonics researchers, and to students oftectonics. Wiley-Blackwell; 1 edition April 20, Language: Be the first to review this item Amazon Best Sellers Rank: Start reading Tectonically Active Landscapes on your Kindle in under a minute.

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