Politischer Mord und Kriegskultur an der Wiege der Weimarer Republik (German Edition)

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Weltkrieg, Weimarer Republik, Note: Ausschluss aus der Partei oder eine sozusagen still geduldete Mitgliedschaft, bei der sich die Betroffenen nicht offentlich exponierten. Durch die oftmals ideologischen, den konkreten gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen enthobenen Ansatze der kommunistischen Organisationskonzepte konnte die KPD als radikale Oppositionspartei kaum direkten Einfluss auf die deutsche Politik nehmen.

Diese Studie befasst sich mit einer Thematik, welche untrennbar mit der Weimarer Republik verbunden ist: Mit Preussen und Bayern wird das Hauptaugenmerk nicht nur auf die zwei grossten, sondern die fur die politische Entwicklung bedeutsamsten Flachenstaaten der Weimarer Republik gerichtet. Beide hoben sich im weichenstellenden ersten Halbjahr der Revolution noch durch ein weiteres Charakteristikum von den anderen Einzelstaaten ab: Accordingly, he switched his allegiance to the Fatherland Party and became one of its leading members, emphasising territorial expansion and anti-Semitism as his two main political issues.

He was elected to the Reichstag in the elections to the new body. Hugenberg moved the party in a far more radical direction than it had taken under its previous leader, Kuno Graf von Westarp. He hoped to use radical nationalism to restore the party's fortunes, and eventually, to overthrow the Weimar constitution and install an authoritarian form of government. Amongst its demands were immediate restoration of the Hohenzollern monarchy , a reversal of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles , compulsory military conscription, repossession of the German colonial empire , a concerted effort to build up closer links with German people outside Germany especially in Austria , a dilution of the role of the Reichstag to that of supervisory body to a newly established professional house of appointees reminiscent of Benito Mussolini 's corporative state and reduction in the perceived over-representation of Jews in German public life.

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Under Hugenberg's leadership, the DNVP toned down and later abandoned the monarchism which had characterized the party in its earlier years. Despite Hugenberg's background in industry that constituency gradually deserted the DNVP under his leadership, largely due to a general feeling amongst industrialists that Hugenberg was too inflexible, and soon the party became the main voice of agrarian interest in the Reichstag. As such Hugenberg felt that he needed a nationalist with support amongst the working classes whom he could use to whip up popular sentiment against the Plan.

Adolf Hitler was the only realistic candidate and Hugenberg decided that he would use the Nazi Party leader to get his way. By then the two parties were in a very loose federation known as the 'National Opposition'.

Although he was eliminated on the first vote, due largely to Nazi allegations regarding his Jewish parentage, Hitler nonetheless failed to secure the Presidency. Hugenberg's party had experienced a growth in support at the November election at the expense of the Nazis leading to a secret meeting between the two in which a reconciliation of sorts was agreed. Hugenberg hoped to harness the Nazis for his own ends once again and as such he dropped his attacks on them for the campaign for the March election.

In early January Chancellor Kurt von Schleicher had developed plans for an expanded coalition government to include not only Hugenberg but also dissident Nazi Gregor Strasser and Centre Party politician Adam Stegerwald. Although Hugenberg had designs on a return to government his hatred of trade union activity meant that he had no intention of working with Stegerwald, the head of the Catholic Trade Union movement.

When von Schleicher refused to exclude Stegerwald from his plans, Hugenberg broke off negotiations. Hitler did agree in principle to allow von Schleicher to serve under him as Defence Minister, although Hugenberg warned the Nazi leader that as long as Paul von Hindenburg was president Hitler would never be Chancellor. During the negotiations between Franz von Papen and president Paul von Hindenburg , Hindenburg had insisted that Hugenberg be given the ministries of Economics and Agriculture both at national level and in Prussia as a condition of Hitler becoming Chancellor, something of a surprise given the President's well publicised dislike of Hugenberg.

Hugenberg made no effort to stop Hitler's ambition of becoming a dictator; as previously mentioned he himself was authoritarian by inclination. For instance, he and the other DNVP members of the cabinet voted for the Reichstag Fire Decree , which effectively wiped out civil liberties. In the elections Hugenberg's DNVP captured 52 seats in the Reichstag, although any hope that these seats could ensure influence for the party evaporated with the passing of the Enabling Act of which the DNVP supported soon after the vote.

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As Minister Hugenberg declared a temporary moratorium on foreclosures, cancelled some debts and placed tariffs on some widely produced agricultural goods in order to stimulate the sector. The policy was supported by every member except Hugenberg, who was strongly opposed to the levels of government intervention in the economy that the scheme required.

An increasingly isolated figure, Hugenberg was finally forced to resign from the cabinet after a campaign of harassment and arrest was launched by Hitler against his DNVP coalition partners. Although driven from his cabinet post Hugenberg was, along with Papen, other former DNVP and Centre Party Zentrum members, included on the Nazi list of candidates for the November election as a concession to middle class voters.

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Given that they shared the assembly with Nazi deputies, and given that the Reichstag met on an increasingly infrequent basis in any event, independents like Hugenberg had no influence. Although Hugenberg had lost the Telegraph Union early on he was allowed to retain most of his media interests until when the Nazi-controlled Eher Verlag took control of his Scherl House. Hugenberg did not let them go cheaply, however, as he negotiated a large portfolio of shares in the Rhenish - Westphalian industries in return for his co-operation.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Yale University Press, page 1. Yale University Press, pages Yale University Press, page 2. Ein Unternehmer im Kaiserreich. Friedrich Alfred Krupp - wie er lebte und starb , Verlag K. Yale University Press, page 4. Yale University Press, page 3. Yale University Press, page 6. Yale University Press, page 7. Yale University Press, page 9.

Yale University Press, page Hubris , Penguin, , p. A Portrait , Spellmount, , p.

A Portrait , p. Carsten, The Rise of Fascism , Methuen, , p. Members of the Hitler Cabinet. Konstantin von Neurath Joachim von Ribbentrop. Wilhelm Frick Heinrich Himmler. Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk. Werner von Blomberg Wilhelm Keitel. Minister for Food and Agriculture. Minister of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda.