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They also pay rent for the offstreet parking spots they occupy. Food carts mask surface parking lots in downtown Portland. To temporarily activate a re develop- ment site. Site Pre-vitalization is the temporary re-activation of a previously inactive, underutilized parcel of land. This tactic brings a variety of art, food, and retail uses to a single location. By activating a site during the planning, approvals, and financing stages, a vacant site can therefore provide low-cost community building and economic opportunities while a more formal transition occurs, from inactive parcel of land to a fully redeveloped and programmed addition to the town or city.

Site Pre-vitalization is a relatively new tactic and one that that is largely a private sector response to the restrictive commercial lending standards now imposed by banks. Thus, the tradeoff between the temporary uses—markets, beer gardens, ping-pong tables, art shows, vegetable growing etc.

A pop-up town hall provides an informal, nongovernment sponsored venue for serious civic discourse and the exchange of ideas. While pop-up town halls often make use of underutilized city spaces, such as vacant lots or storefronts, they can also be held in a myriad of other venues.

Pop-up town halls should capitalize on locations where a healthy dose of civic discussion is already occurring; for instance, some pop-up town halls are organized in tandem with conferences, exhibitions, festivals and other events. The Lab, which is designed to temporarily re-imagine an overlooked city space as a civic forum, is a migratory town hall that is traveling between nine different cities.

To increase the supply of bicycle parking where needed. At the intersection of tactical urbanism and transportation infrastructure is the creation and installation of informal bike racks. While not all informal bike racks designs are practical or secure for long-term use, they do indicate demand.

Smart cities will leave the well-designed racks alone, while replacing the more poorly conceived temporary solutions with higher performing city racks. To repurpose neighborhood street intersections as community space. Intersection repair reclaims neighborhood streets as public gathering places.

The initiative first began in Portland, OR and continues to be stewarded by City Repair, a local placemaking group. Indeed, once the initial reclamation occurs, neighbors often take it upon themselves to further enhance their new public gathering place with benches, community bulletin boards, gardens and art positioned prominently at the corners. In some cases, less temporary paint has given way to bricks and cobblestones.

Intersection repair provides another great example of how tactical urbanism initiatives move along the continuum, from unsanctioned activity to a fully sanctioned program. Regardless, communities continued to transform implement them anyway. As is the case with many unsanctioned tactics, the City no longer stands in the way. In fact, the Bureau of Transportation has an official City Repair liaison.

This liaison helps coordinate the permitting, street closures, and oversees some of the designs to aid in the success of each project. Intersection repair projects may now be found in communities across the United States. Intersection repair is a placemaking and community building tactic.

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Flickr user Sara Dent. To reduce visual pollution within the public realm. In the United States, marketing and advertising has pervaded the public realm to such a degree that activists and civil servants have begun to develop and implement creative tactics combating the daily onslaught of consumerism. While the goal of ad-busting is to improve the aesthetic quality of public spaces, it also sends the message that the public realm should not be used unabashedly for the selling and consumption of commercial products.

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Us, allowed passersby to anonymously submit live photos from their smart phones. The submitted photos were displayed in real-time on an empty billboard, which allowed individuals to share their own visuals with the community at large. The advertising content generated during the WeSee. Us installation quickly became community oriented, focusing on the people and events taking place in the neighborhood rather than on the products corporations urge us to buy. To create a more engaging streetscape by activating the space between the structure and the sidewalk.

Property Owners Activists Lot Most municipal zoning codes require setbacks between the street and the primary structure, which often creates awkward and underutilized semi- public spaces. The distances are uniformly mandated in municipal zoning codes and homeowner associations often limit their use beyond ornament. Awkward setback distances of 20 feet or more are especially common in single-family neighborhoods built after the s. Increased setback distances broke the traditional relationship between street, building, and building owner.

As a result, most social activity is found in the backyard, not the front. Setback reclamations range from illegal structure extensions to temporary programming to community gardening. Such tactics help diminish the real and perceived distances found between the structure and the sidewalk. If done well, reclamations can effectively creates a more engaging and social neighborhood street environment.

Free poems make for an engaging experience in this Streamboat, CO neighborhood. To add more neighborhood green space and to further activate streets with public seating. One of the most appropriate uses of tactical urbanism is to jumpstart the implementation of long-term vision plans. At present there are six parkmobiles being moved periodically around the neighborhood.

Each unit contains a different type of vegetation, including Tasmanian Tree Ferns, Strawberry Trees, Yuccas, and shrubs that attract birds and butterflies. In doing so, they highlight the importance of an agreeable pedestrian experience and recognize the importance that vegetation and seating play in creating an attractive environment for pedestrians. Neighborhood Associations Artists Activists Street Block Weed bombing began in Miami, FL under the cover of darkness, but sheds light on public and private property negligence.

Weed bombing is the act of converting overgrown weeds into works of street art. Knoefler, who is also the founder of the Omni Parkwest Redevelopment Association OPRA , is a vocal critic of the various large-scale redevelopment plans slated for his Omni Parkwest, and the lack of maintenance efforts. He is also known to take action into his own hands. Still, according to one newspaper article, Knoefler plans to keep bombing the weeds until a more concerted, sanctioned city effort is made. Weed bombs highlight disparities in where public and private maintenance dollars are spent. Micro-Entrepreneurs Street Block Street Vendors selll a variety of goods besides food, including art, photographs, clothing and various other merchandise.

Vending is often a second source of income for urban households. There is nothing more tactical than helping small-scale entrepreneurs get a footing in the local economy. As with food carts, small-scale street vendors attract people, fill small commercial voids, and help give life to public spaces. Overseas, and increasingly in North American cities, inventive street vendors are using a variety of low-cost mobile means to transport and sell their wares.

Bicycles in particular have become quite popular in some cities. Hiroyuki Shinohara, a Japanese architect has conducted a study of the various roles bicycle-based vending plays in the streets of Chinese cities. He found that bicycles were being used as mobile bookshops, ice cream vending stations, mobile garbage collectors, and even as mobile water tanks. Because vendors play a key role in animating the various spaces of a city, municipal governments should make regulations simple, clear, and readily available in multiple languages.

This Brooklyn newspaper vendor sets up a mobile stand every morning by the Clinton-Washington subway entrance on Fulton Street. The vendor stores his newstand in the basement entrance of a nearby apartment building Credit: Mike Lydon Vending Power! Too incubate new businesses and sustain existing ones through the co-location of mutually supportive uses. Entrepreneurs Property Owners Business Improvement Districts Block Building The simplest form of retail micro- mixing is the coffee shop inside the book store, something corporations figured out long ago.

By mixing multiple businesses in a single retail space, micro-mixing provides entrepreneurial shop owners an opportunity to mitigate the high overhead costs associated with opening a new venture. This tactical retailing technique combines complimentary uses and activities that can be used by existing retailers as well as cooperative and startup incubator spaces.

The best use of the micro-mixing technique can create some of the most exciting and memorable shopping experiences. These two uses together, a latte and a new book, seem to fit together naturally. Today, more unconventional and perhaps more exciting mixes are emerging.

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In Denver, Salvagetti Bicycle Workshop has included an espresso bar on its sales floor. In New York, Barbershops are selling clothing, and jewelry stores are selling Vietnamese sandwiches. In Providence, a craft co-op store is running a gallery out of the back of house space and a coffee shop is selling potted plants and gardening supplies. By using clever merchandising and efficient space planning, existing retail spaces can quickly be adapted to handle multiple users or businesses. Thus, micro-mixing provides an easy opportunity to test new ideas.

If successful, micro-mixing tenants can one day strike out on their own. To increase the supply of park space by quickly reclaiming undertutilized parcels of vacant land and parking lots. A new response to this challenge is the tactic of park-making, which utilizes the techniques of PARK ing Day and deploys them at a larger scale. After securing a local grant, OPRA procured pro bono landscape design services and signed a multi-year lease with the property owner. Fees generated from programmed events, concerts, and food vendors will sustain the maintenance of the park and pay the lease obligation.

Built in early , and in just 30 days, the park has already been a huge success. At the time of publication, the one-block park intervention is currently underway and generating support from stakeholders to follow through with the long-term park plan.

To create or take part in the temporary occupation of space, often with an eye toward creating permanent change. In his book Camps: A Guide to 21st Century Space, author Charlie Hailey organizes types of camps into three broad categories: Autonomy, Control, and Neccessity. Whether for protest, military action, recreation, or necessary shelter, camps provide a ubiquitous crosscultural reference, and not just one of outdoor occupation. While pervasive the cultural understanding of camps hifts on an almost daily basis.

The much debated meaning of the Occupy movement is one of our most recent examples. According to Hailey, the process of urbanization often begins with informal camps that eventually move along a continuum, from temporary to permanent, from being unsanctioned to sanctioned places of habitation. By their nature, camps capably adapt to various conditions and therefore serve well in the transitonal phases of development.

In this way, the connections between camp and city is nothing new. Camps of all types, demonstrate how the shortterm action of temporarily occupying space, often leads to incremental, permanent change. This tactical urbanism survey includes several strategies employed by individuals, local community groups, and municipalities.

The Tactical Urbanism Project is only going to get better through reader contributions. It is about building densely interconnected networks, crafting linkages between unlikely partners and organizations, and making plans without the usual preponderance of planning. It is about getting it right for now and at the same time being tactical and strategic about later. This is not about forecasting, nor about making decisions about the future. But it is about the long range, about making sure that one plus one equals two or three, about being politically connected and grounded, and about disturbing the order of things in the interests of change.

The Ideas Behind PARK ing Day The vast majority of outdoor urban space is dedicated to the private vehicle, while only a fraction of that land is allocated to open space for people. In urban centers around the world, inexpensive curbside parking results in increased traffic, wasted fuel and more pollution. The strategies and values that generate these conditions are no longer sustainable, nor do they promote a healthy, vibrant urban human habitat.

Too fine of a mesh, and drainage may be slow. Carriage House Paper sells polypropylene screening that works great. I had no idea that it is possible to make my own paper! This is nice way to recycle my newspapers. My daughter loves drawing and I will make some paper sheets for her! Yes, that does help, but I would also recommend that you size your paper if you are using a fountain pen. Here are instructions for external sizing using gelatin or wheat starch. You can also use internal sizing alkyl ketene dimer , which is incorporated straight into the wet pulp.

Handmade Journal with Recycled Materials. I am new to paper making and am very interested in making my own books and binding them. The only piece that I have not been able to figure out is how to make my own book board and good quality water color paper. Please, I could use any tips you may have. Hi Jeanne, thank you for the kind words! Also, try adding a methyl cellulose a type of glue to the vat of pulp for strength. Also, be sure to use sizing internal with the pulp—I use a ketene dimer ; or else the watery-colors will bleed.

Think of paper towels no sizing vs. Carriage House and Twinrocker carry these supplies: Dear May, thank you so much for your timely advice on making book board and watercolor paper. I will let you know if I succeed or not. Thank you for this great tutorial! How do they hold up when folded? Hi Alexandra, thanks for commenting! The strength of your handmade paper made from recycled papers depends of the type material you are processing. I am amazed about this beautiful tutorial!

Thank you very much for all the details!

Thank you for the wonderful tutorial and photos! It seems that the first few sheets release pretty easily from the glass once dry, but later sheets adhere too strongly to the glass to be removed without ruining them. When I try to peel the sheets off they rip no matter how carefully I lift the edges. Do wet windows make the paper stick to them harder than dry windows? I want to dry more sheets on the windows in the future.

Here are some factors to think about: I really appreciate your helpful advice! Big Aimes' Big World. Hope that helps Rebecca, and thanks for stopping by Paperslurry! I will be using this information to make my own paper in the future xx. I was wonderinf if it was possible to make sturdy paper like carboard using a similar process.

Yes, one way you can make a sturdier paper is through layering. When you are couching your wet sheets, simple layer several times, right on top of each other. Hi Soumik, I think it would depend on what recycled papers you are pulping — some contain more sizing than others.

Hi, this was indeed an awesome tutorial. Inspired by your articleI have also started making recycled paper from old newspaper. However can you please help me understand how can i maintain the uniform thickness of the handmade papers.

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Since we are taking out the pulp during each dipping of mold the water and pulp ratio changes and i end up getting thick paper initially and thinner ones later. Hi Kiran, you will need to add more pulp at regular intervals to your vat, in order for the thickness to stay consistent. Keep track of how many sheets you can make before they become thin, and remember to add a consistent amount of pulp after you pull that number of sheets. Will definitely try that. However is there any specific ratio formula or we need to just eyeball?

Pen Pals — Southern Bell Schoolhouse. Thank you for this tutorial! Do you think coffee filters would be a decent material? I have a lot to use up or donate. The material is strong enough to withstand hot water…experiment and let us know the results! Hi Jaini, I would image that a pigment that is lightfast would remain lightfast if mixed into pulp…but I have not personally tested this. To color pulp, many hand papermakers use water dispersed pigments that actually attach themselves to the paper pulp fibers with the help of a retention agent.

These pigments are sold by suppliers such as Carriage House Paper or Twinrocker http: I would just start with colored paper… I keep a stash of any colored paper mailings I get for paper making. I have two questions. Which drying method produces the flattest paper, exchange drying or surface drying?

Secondly, do you think polyester felt sheets such as these http: For example, if you dried on plexiglass, the back of the sheet will be super smooth, just like the plexiglass. If you exchanged dried it between towels for example , the paper will be still be flat, but have a rougher texture.

The poly felt sheets should work…as long as the absorb water. It helps to hose down or soak your felts in water first, before couching.

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Would glossy magazine paper work here? Would using it require changing or adding to the above steps? Also, this was a fantastic article—clear, concise, and easy to follow instructions with helpful images and relevant links, all of which just served to make me excited to try, and so much less skeptical about, making my own paper. Glossy magazine paper would be weaker than most drawing or printmaking papers.

Hope that helps, and happy papermaking! Thanks for posting such a great tutorial! In our new home the window blinds are custom sliding frames with handmade paper set inside to cover the openings. They currently seem to have very large fibers mixed in and some have plant stems and leaves. Should I start practicing making a more basic use paper or do you think starting with the big fibers and textured look is as decent place to start with as any?

And last, any advice for just reusing the paper that has been damaged? Thanks again for the great instructions and pictures. Hi Kat, Sounds like an interesting project! Perhaps the window paper uses Asian fibers, such as kozo, mitsumata, or gampi, and then has leaves included in the pulp. The fibers are long and strong. Carriage House Paper carries kozo fiber already cleaned, cooked, and rinsed http: The kozo fiber can be hand-beaten with a stick; this spreads the fibers out, and can keep some fibers long and more visible.

I could barely walk the few blocks to work every day, let alone do my normal activities. It took several months, and several PT sessions, to get back to normal. But part of my frustration and pain manifested into the idea that I should recover enough to still walk that full marathon in December. And in order to be off the course by the time it closed, I would need to run a little bit. And I could barely walk, and never ran, so I would need to do some training to be able to run a mile or two out of the Now — this marathon was December This was right when we created DIYPS, and a year before we closed the loop, so I was in full, old-school traditional manual diabetes mode.

And it sucked quite a bit. What I worried about was going low during the runs. So, I generally would set a low temporary basal rate to reduce insulin during the run, and try to run before dinner instead of after to reduce the likelihood of running with a lot of active insulin in my body. I would also carry a bottle of Gatorade to drink along the way. Per the visualization, the carbs would hit in about 15 minutes. The combination of these usually meant that I would rise toward the middle or end of my short and medium runs, and end up high.

In longer runs, I would go higher, then low — and sip gatorade, and have some roller coaster after that. Now, this was frustrating in training runs, but I did ok for my long runs and my marathon had pretty decent BGs with no lows. However, knowing everything I know now, and commencing a new burst of running, I want to try to do better.